Riba:
- Samun damar bambance inda a cikin aikin aikin PDR (bayanin hira, kayan ilimin psychoeducation, abun ciki na aiki, taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen bayani) ƙwarewar wucin gadi yana adana ainihin lokacin da kuma inda aka bar yanke shawara irin su ganewar asali, jagora da shawarwari na tunani ga gwani, dangane da matakin hadarin aiki.
- Fahimtar cewa hankali na wucin gadi ba zai taɓa yanke shawara ba idan akwai rikici da haɗari, cewa ya zama dole a tuntuɓi masana ɗan adam da hukumomin da suka dace, kuma dole ne a tabbatar da duk wani abin da aka fitar.
- Batun bayanan ɗalibi a cikin iyakokin KVKK, sirrin ƙwararru da ka'idodin ɗabi'a na PDR da samun ɗabi'ar zabar motoci masu aminci.
Ranar mai ba da shawara a makaranta tana cike da tarin rubuce-rubuce da takardu waɗanda mutane kaɗan ke gani: bayanan tambayoyin mutum ɗaya, tsare-tsaren jagorar aji, ƙasidu na ilimin halin ɗan adam, wasiƙun bayanin iyaye, rahotannin ma'auni, jadawalin bin diddigin ɗalibi, mintuna na rukuni da kwamiti, kayan zaɓin aiki. Yawancin wannan aikin yana maimaitawa kuma yana cinye sa'o'i a tebur; Koyaya, ainihin ƙimar wannan sana'a ta ta'allaka ne a cikin fuska da fuska, dangantaka ta aminci da aka kafa tare da ɗalibin. Hankali na wucin gadi (AI) - shirye-shiryen kwamfuta waɗanda za su iya fahimtar harshen ɗan adam da samar da rubutu, ƙayyadaddun bayanai, tsare-tsare, da taƙaitaccen bayani - taimako ne mai ƙarfi don hanzarta wannan nauyin rubutu mai maimaitawa. A cikin wannan tsarin, za mu koyi amfani da AI ba a matsayin maganin sihiri ba, amma a matsayin mataimaki na rubutu wanda ke samar da zane-zane, ba da ra'ayoyi, da gyarawa.
Amma tun daga farkon, bari mu sanya jimloli biyu waɗanda suka tsaya sama da kowane abu a cikin wannan sana'a: AI baya yanke shawara game da ɗalibin; Ba ya tantancewa, ba da jagora, ko maye gurbin dangantakar shawarwarin tunani. Kuma ma mafi mahimmanci: A cikin yanayi na rikici da haɗari, AI baya shiga cikin wasa; A can, ƙwararrun ɗan adam, dangi da ƙwararrun iko suna da mahimmanci. Wadannan ka'idoji guda biyu sune tushen tsaro wanda aka gina sauran tsarin.
Wannan rukunin farko ya kafa tushe guda uku: bambanta inda AI ke adana lokaci a cikin aikin PDR da kuma inda ya kamata ya tsaya; tabbatar da kowane fitarwa; kare bayanan dalibai.
A ina AI ke adana lokaci, a ina ne shawarar ta kasance na gwani?
Yana da amfani don tunanin ayyukan PDR dangane da matakin haɗari. Matsayin haɗari shine yawan cutar da zai haifar ga ɗalibin idan an yi wani aiki ba daidai ba. A cikin PDR, wannan haɗari ya fi tsanani fiye da yawancin sana'a; domin shi ne game da lafiyar yaro ta ruhaniya, aminci da kuma gaba.
Ayyuka masu ƙarancin ƙarfi waɗanda AI ke haɓaka da yawa: Bayyana ayyukan jagoranci na aji, rubuta sigar farko na ƙasidan gwajin damuwa, tsara bayanan hirar da aka tarwatsa a cikin tsari mai tsari (bayan an cire bayanan sirri), tsara wasiƙar wasiƙar iyaye, sauƙaƙe rubutun gabatarwar aiki, samar da ra'ayoyi don gabatarwar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam. Anan AI yana magance matsalar "shafi mara kyau"; Kuna gyara shi, wadatar da shi da ilimin ƙwararrun ku kuma ku ba da izini na ƙarshe.
Ayyukan haɗari masu haɗari inda aka bar yanke shawara ga gwani: Sanya alamar ganewar asali a kan ɗalibi ("wannan yaron yana da damuwa", "yana da raunin hankali"), fassarar asibiti na sakamakon ma'auni, jagorantar ɗalibi zuwa sana'a, ta yin amfani da cikakkun bayanai ga dangi, ayyana hali a matsayin "hadari" da kuma fara aiki. Waɗannan shawarwarin sun shafi rayuwar yaron; Alhakin da faɗin ƙarshe koyaushe na ƙwararre ne. AI yana ba da mafi yawan ra'ayi a nan, ba zai iya yanke shawara ba.
Wurin da aka haramta - inda AI bai taɓa shiga ba: Rikici da haɗari. Tunanin kashe kansa, cutar da kanshi ko wasu, jima'i/nauyin jiki/cin rai, sakaci, matsanancin alamun tunani. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, muna tambayar AI "menene zan yi?" Tambaya shine ɓata lokaci mai mahimmanci da ƙoƙarin ba da alhakin shirin. Abinda ya dace shine a yi aiki da ƙa'idar gaggawa, kai ga ƙwararren ɗan adam da dangi da aka ba da izini, kuma a sanar da hukumomin da suka dace. Za mu yi bayani dalla-dalla a cikin raka'a ta 9; Amma dole ne a kafa reflex daga yau.
Tsanaki: "AI ya ce" ba hujja ba ce. Fitowar AI baya maye gurbin amincewa daga ƙwararren ƙwararre a kowane yanki da ke shafar tunanin ɗalibin, aminci, ko gaba. Fitowar AI da ba a tantance ba kamar jita-jita ce da ba a tantance ba.
Me yasa tabbatarwa ya zama dole? Hallucination da son zuciya
AI yana samar da rubutu ba ta "sani" ba amma ta "sanninta kalma mai yiwuwa". Shi ya sa wani lokaci yana ba da cikakken bayani sosai amma a zahiri ba daidai ba ne. Wannan shi ake kira hallucination: binciken kimiyya wanda babu shi, zance marar magana, ƙididdiga na ƙarya, ƙa'idar sikelin da ba ta wanzu, ƙagaggen jagora. Ga ƙwararren PDR, wannan yana da haɗari; Domin bayanan da ba daidai ba da aka bayar a cikin ilimin halin dan Adam ya juya zuwa ga kuskure na dindindin a cikin ɗalibin, kuma ƙididdigar da ba daidai ba da aka ba dangi ya juya zuwa damuwa mara kyau.
Matsala ta biyu ita ce son zuciya: AI na iya maimaita tsarin zamantakewa a cikin bayanan da aka horar da shi; na iya samar da fitarwa mai ban sha'awa game da jinsi, al'ada, matsayin zamantakewa, ko "nasara." Misali, yana iya karkatar da dalibar mace zuwa ga wasu sana’o’i da kuma dalibi namiji zuwa ga wasu; ko kuma yana iya tsara ɗabi'a a matsayin "batsa" a cikin ɗalibi ɗaya da kuma "matsala mai tsanani" a cikin wani. Son zuciya a cikin PDR kai tsaye yana lalata ka'idar adalci da daidaiton dama.
Saboda waɗannan iyakoki guda biyu, muna ba da shawarar ingantaccen horo don amfani ga kowane fitarwa:
- Haɗa shi zuwa tushen. Tabbatar da duk wani abu da ya ƙunshi bayanai, ƙididdiga, ƙididdiga, ƙa'idodi, ko ma'aunin bincike daga ingantaccen tushe (binciken kimiyya, hukumar gwamnati, takaddar ƙungiyar ƙwararru).
- Duba kuma. Bincika fitarwa na lamba ko da hannu da hannu (tebur, tsarin lokaci).
- Tace sana'a. "Shin wannan ya dace da wannan ɗalibi, wannan zamani, wannan al'ada, wannan iyali? Ko zai iya haifar da lahani?" rike shi da gwanintar ku.
- Dauki nauyi. Da zarar ka amince da shi, wannan rubutu naka ne; Duk wani kuskure shine alhakinku.
Bayanan ɗalibi: keɓewa daga farko
Rubutun PDR sun ƙunshi nau'in bayanai mafi mahimmanci. Sunan dalibi, lamba, aji bayanan sirri ne; yanayin tunani, yanayin iyali, bayanin lafiya, ganewar asali, ko rauni bayanan sirri ne na musamman kuma suna buƙatar kariya mafi girma. A Turkiye, KVKK (Dokar Kariya ta sirri) ta tsara wannan; Bugu da ƙari, ƙwararren PDR yana da tsauraran wajibcin sirri wanda ya taso daga ɗabi'un ƙwararru. Kawai buga sunan ɗalibi, matsayi, ko rikodin tattaunawa cikin kayan aikin AI na jama'a yana nufin barin mafi mahimman bayanai daga ikon ku.
Ƙa'idar tana da sauƙi kuma maras daidaitawa: A saka suna da farko. Cire bayanan tantancewa kamar suna-suna, lambar makaranta, reshen aji, sunan iyaye da adireshin; Yi amfani da kalmomi gaba ɗaya kamar "Student A", "dalibi mai shekaru 13", "matashi mai fama da tashin hankali na iyali". Idan zai yiwu, zaɓi kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke ba da tabbacin sarrafa bayanai, waɗanda makarantarku ko ma'aikatar ku ta samar. Za mu zurfafa wannan ka'ida a cikin raka'a 10; Maida shi reflex don yanzu.
Tukwici: Kafin liƙa rubutu a cikin AI, bincika suna, lamba, cibiyar da sunan iyaye tare da "Ctrl+F". Idan kun samo shi, maye gurbin shi da jimlar jimloli kafin aikawa. Lokacin da ake shakka: "Shin wannan bayanin ya gano ɗalibin?" tambaya; Idan amsarka eh, zata bayyana.
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Ƙididdigar Ƙididdiga. Wani mashawarcin jagora ya tambayi AI don "gwajin damuwa a cikin ɗaliban makarantar sakandare" don taron karawa juna sani na gwaji. AI ya ba da takamaiman lamba kamar "73%" da "bincike" suna. Lokacin da malamin ya yi ƙoƙari ya nemo tushen, ya ga cewa babu wannan wurin ko wannan binciken. Godiya ga matakin tabbatarwa, ya juya yana ba da lambar ƙira ga iyaye 120; maimakon haka ya yi amfani da wata magana ta gama-gari wacce za a iya tantance madogararsa. Shiri ya ɗauki tsawon mintuna 6, an toshe rashin fahimta.
Case 2 - Adana lokaci. Wani kwararre na PDR yana tsara ayyukan jagoranci daban-daban don azuzuwan 4 kowane wata kuma yana kashe kusan awa 4 akansa. Ya fara amfani da AI a matsayin janareta daftarin aiki: yana da AI ya samar da daftarin tsare-tsaren zaman bisa ga sakamakon kuma ya gyara su bisa ga gaskiyar aji. Lokaci ya ragu daga sa'o'i 4 a kowane wata zuwa ~ 1.5 hours; Ya sadaukar da sa'o'i 2.5 da ya samu ga taron daidaikun mutane. Ingancin bai sha wahala ba saboda ƙwararren ƙwararren ne ya yi gyara da tacewa.
Case 3 - Rikicin iyaka. A wata hira, wata daliba ta yi magana game da tunanin cutar da kanta. Tunanin gwani ya tambaya, "Shin zan rubuta halin da ake ciki ga AI kuma in sami shawarwari?" Ya wuce amma ya tsaya: yanayin rikici ne. Ba tare da rubuta layi ɗaya ba ga AI, ya aiwatar da ƙa'idar gaggawa, ya sanar da hukumar makarantar da dangi, kuma ya jagoranci ɗalibin cikin aminci ga ƙwararrun da suka dace. Ya yi amfani da AI kawai bayan rikicin, don gyara harshen mintunan da suka rubuta lamarin ba tare da suna ba.
Samfura masu kwafi
1) Rarraba aikin da matakin haɗari:
Matsayinku: RUBUTU mataimaki ga mai ba da shawara a makaranta. Rarraba ayyukan 8 na PDR masu zuwa zuwa lissafin guda biyu: (A) ƙananan ayyuka masu haɗari inda AI zai iya amincewa da samar da jita-jita, (B) ayyuka masu haɗari inda yanke shawara na ƙarshe dole ne ya kasance tare da gwani. Har ila yau, idan wani aiki ya fada cikin rikicin / yankin haɗari, yi masa alama "HARAMTA - ƙwararren ɗan adam". Rubuta hujjar jumla ɗaya ga kowane ɗawainiya. Ayyuka: [manna ayyukanku na mako-mako a nan]
2) Tabbacin tabbatarwa da sauri:
Yi alama ga kowace jumla a cikin rubutun da ke ƙasa wanda ya ƙunshi hujja, ƙididdiga, ƙididdiga, tushe, ko da'awar kimiyya kuma ƙara bayanin kula ga kowane "daga wane tushe ya kamata a tabbatar da shi?" Kada ku tabbatar da kanku; jera abin da ake buƙatar tabbatarwa kawai.Text: [manna daftarin aiki]
3) Tun kafin a yi bincike:
Nemo kowace jumla a cikin rubutun da ke ƙasa wanda zai iya kwatanta ɗalibi kai tsaye ko a kaikaice (suna, lamba, aji, makaranta, sunan iyaye, bayanin yanayi na musamman) da kuma ba da shawarar ƙarin madaidaicin madadin kowane. Yin sharhi akan abun ciki.Text: [manna rubutu]
4) Taimakawa tambayoyin shirye-shiryen hira:
Matsayinku: Mataimakin rubutu na PDR. Bincike, jagora. Ina shirya taron TAIMAKO tare da ɗalibi mai shekaru 13 (wanda ba a san sunansa ba) game da ƙwarin gwiwar ilimi. Ba da shawara guda 8 ba na yanke hukunci ba, tambayoyin shirye-shiryen buɗe ido. Ƙara gargadi a saman don "tuntuɓi ƙwararrun ɗan adam/iyali" idan an gano alamun rikici.
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rauni:
Wani dalibina bai ji dadi ba, me zan yi?
Wannan hanzarin ba shi da mahallin mahallin, yana iya haifar da haɗarin bayanan sirri, kuma yana tura AI zuwa cikin ganewar asali / yanki; yana samar da kayan aiki da yawa, masu haɗari da marasa amfani.
Mai ƙarfi:
Matsayinku: RUBUTU mataimaki ga mai ba da shawara a makaranta. Kada ku bincika ko ba da jagora. Ba a SANYA halin da ke gaba ba. Magana: Da alama dalibi ɗan shekara 13 ya daina sha'awar aji a cikin 'yan makonnin nan. Aiki: Ba da shawara guda 6 marasa hukunci, tambayoyin shirye-shirye na buɗe ido don yin hira ta tallafi da wannan ɗalibin. Idan an gano alamun rikici, ƙara gargaɗi a saman don "tuntuɓi ƙwararrun ɗan adam/iyali."
Wannan buƙatar tana ɓoye rawar, iyaka, ɓoyewa, tsari da kuma sake fasalin rikicin tun daga farko.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Manna takaddun shaida. Shigar da rikodin hira ko sunan ɗalibi a cikin kayan aiki kamar yadda yake. Magani: fara ɓoye suna.
- Tambayar AI game da rikicin. Bayar da mintuna idan akwai haɗari. Magani: yarjejeniya kai tsaye da masanin ɗan adam.
- Amfani ba tare da tabbatarwa ba. Isar da ƙididdiga / tushen ƙididdiga ga ɗalibi ko iyaye. Magani: haɗi zuwa tushe.
- Jiran ganewar asali. Daga AI zuwa "me ke damun wannan yaron?" don neman ganewar asali. Magani: ganewar asali da fassarar na ƙwararrun ne.
- Yana nufin "AI yace". Sanya alhaki akan abin hawa. Magani: yanke shawara na ƙarshe da alhakin na gwani ne.
Tebur: Matsayin haɗarin manufa da rawar AI
nema
Matsayin haɗari
Matsayin AI
mai yanke shawara
Jadawalin ayyukan jagoranci
ƙananan
Yana haifar da daftarin aiki
Gwani ya tsara
Kasidar ilimin halin dan Adam sigar farko
ƙananan
zane + ra'ayi
Kwararre ya tabbatar
Gyara bayanan tattaunawa (wanda ba a sani ba)
matsakaici
Tsarin tsari/tsarin harshe
Kwararre ya tabbatar
Fassarar sikelin sakamako
babba
Gabatarwar harshe kawai
Binciken masana
Bincike / tabbataccen jagora
babba
Baya shiga
gwani
Rikici/ martanin haɗari
haramun
Baya shiga
ƙwararren ɗan adam + iko
A takaice
AI mataimaki ne mai ƙarfi wanda ke haɓaka aikin maimaitawa na PDR, amma ba shine mai yanke shawara ba. Ayyuka daban-daban ta matakin haɗari; Yi amfani da AI cikin yardar kaina a cikin ƙaramin aikin daftarin aiki, kiyaye yanke shawara mai haɗari ga kanku, barin AI gaba ɗaya cikin rikici da haɗari. Tabbatar da kowane fitarwa, saka sunan kowane bayanai, koyaushe ɗaukar alhakin.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Rubuta 10 na ayyukanku na mako-mako na PDR a cikin jeri. Yi wa kowane ɗayan lakabin "ƙananan haɗari / babban haɗari / haramta (rikicin)". Bayan haka, ta amfani da tsarin "ƙarfi mai ƙarfi" a sama, sami kayan aikin AI ba tare da sunaye ba suna samar da daftarin ɗayan ayyukan ƙananan haɗari kuma sanya fitarwa ta cikin matakan 4 na horo na tabbatarwa.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na raba aikin zuwa matakin haɗari (ƙananan / babba / haramta).
- [ ] Na ɓoye bayanan kafin ciyar da rubutu zuwa kayan aiki.
- [] A cikin rikici / yanayin haɗari, na yi niyya ga ƙa'idar da ƙwararren ɗan adam, ba AI ba.
- [ ] Na tabbatar da gaskiya, ƙididdiga, da tushe a cikin fitarwa.
- [ ] Na yarda cewa yanke shawara na ƙarshe da alhakin yana tare da ni.