Gano Zamba da Binciken Ma'amaloli da ake tuhuma

Riba:

• Ƙarfin riga-kafin da'awar zamba, ƙira mai ƙima da tsarin zamba tare da bayanan wucin gadi da tuta fayilolin tuhuma
• Ikon gudanar da haɗari na abubuwan da ba daidai ba da kuma zato na rashin laifi ta hanyar tabbatar da dalilan tuhuma da basirar wucin gadi ta haifar tare da shaida.
• Ƙarfin fahimtar cewa zarge-zargen zamba da SBM/ rahoton farar hula ba za a iya yin su kawai tare da ingantacciyar shaida da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana.

Zamba na inshora (zamba; ƙirƙira, haɓakawa ko ɓarna lalacewa don riba mara kyau) yana cutar da kamfanoni da masu insured na gaskiya; saboda da'awar karya da aka biya za a nuna a ƙarshe a cikin ƙimar kowa. Masanin da ke yaki da zamba (masanin zamba, mai bincike na lalacewa) yana bincika fayiloli da yawa kuma yana neman alamu: maimaita da'awar da mutum ɗaya ya yi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, takaddun da ba su dace da lamarin ba, ƙungiyoyin da suka san juna. Hankali na wucin gadi (software wanda ke siffanta alamu da ba a saba gani ba a cikin bayanai) yana hanzarta wannan binciken: yana haskaka fayilolin da za a iya tuhuma a tsakanin dubban fayiloli. Amma ka'ida mafi mahimmanci a nan ita ce: alamar basirar wucin gadi alama ce ta zato, ba hujja ba. Zargin wani da zamba babban sakamako ne; Zaton rashin laifi (ana ɗaukan mutum marar laifi har sai an tabbatar da in ba haka ba) yana da mahimmanci. A cikin wannan rukunin, zaku koyi yadda ake pre-allon fayiloli masu tuhuma tare da hankali na wucin gadi, yadda ake tabbatar da siginar tare da shaida, da kuma dalilin da yasa aka yanke shawarar caji / rahoto tare da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru da amincewar doka.

Hanyoyin zamba da kuma rawar da basirar wucin gadi

Nau'ukan zamba sun haɗa da:

• Lalacewar ƙira: Bayar da rahoton abin da bai taɓa faruwa a matsayin lalacewa ba.
• Ƙimar da'awar: Ƙarfafa adadin ainihin lalacewa (ɓangarorin da ba su da lalacewa, daftarin karya).
• Zamban da aka tsara: Shirin samar da lalacewa ta karya ta mutum fiye da ɗaya (wani lokaci ya haɗa da mai gyara, ƙwararren, ko mai shaida).
• Biyu diyya: Da'awar lalacewa iri ɗaya daga manufofin fiye da ɗaya ko sau da yawa.

Lokacin da aka riga aka bincika waɗannan alamu, hankali na wucin gadi yana nuna alamun masu zuwa: lalacewa mai maimaitawa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, kwanan wata lalacewa ya kusa kusa da farkon manufofin, labarun taron da ba daidai ba, maimaita IBAN / adireshin / lambar waya a cikin fayiloli daban-daban, rashin daidaituwa a cikin kwanakin takardun. AI yana nuna waɗannan; Amma kowane ɗayan waɗannan alamun na iya samun bayanin marar laifi. Misali, lalacewa a farkon manufofin na iya zama kwatsam; Yawancin lalacewa ga mutum na iya faruwa daga mummunan sa'a.

Tsanaki: Alamar "haɗarin zamba" alama ce ta yuwuwa. Ƙarya tabbatacce (ba zato ba tsammani alama fayil mara laifi a matsayin abin tuhuma) yayi mummunan zalunci ga abokin ciniki. Sigina baya zama zargi ba tare da an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar shaida ba.

Tabbatar da sigina tare da shaida

Kafin a ɗauki siginar zamba don yanke shawara, tushe huɗu sun tabbatar da hakan:

1. Daidaiton daftarin aiki: Shin daftari, mintuna, hoto da rahoton kima sun dace da juna? Shin kwanakin, adadin, da wurin aikata laifuka sun yi daidai?
2. Shaidar jiki/fasahar: Shin binciken ƙwararrun (alamomin lalacewa, nakasawa) sun dace da abin da aka bayyana?
3. Tambayar bayanai: Lalacewar da ta gabata, manufofi biyu da maimaita alamu ana duba su tare da tambayar SBM (Cibiyar Kula da Inshora da Kulawa).
4. Bincike mai zaman kansa: Idan ya cancanta, jarrabawar kan layi, tambayoyin shaida, rahoton ƙwararru.

Sai dai idan siginar ya sami goyan bayan tabbataccen shaida daga waɗannan kafofin za a ɗauki mataki na gaba. Idan babu shaida, ana kimanta fayil ɗin a cikin al'ada; Shakku kadai ba zai iya zama hujja don jinkirtawa ko ƙin biya ba.

Tukwici: Tambayi AI don "wane takarda da bayanai zan duba don tabbatarwa/karyata wannan" jerin kowane siginar tuhuma. Don haka, siginar ya zama bincike, ba zargi ba.

Mataki-mataki: Binciken ma'amala mai tuhuma

1. A ɓoye sunan mahallin. Yi amfani da daidaitattun daidaitattun maimakon suna, TR ID, IBAN (idan ana buƙatar ainihin bayanai a cikin binciken, zauna a cikin kamfani, tsarin da aka yarda).
2. Nemi kafin dubawa. Lissafa sigina da dalilai na zato na basirar wucin gadi.
3. Juya kowace sigina zuwa tambayar tabbatarwa. "Yaya aka tabbatar da wannan siginar?"
4. Tara shaidu kuma ku tabbatar. Takardu, ƙwarewa, binciken SBM, filin idan ya cancanta.
5. Hakanan ku nemi bayanin mara laifi. Shin akwai halalcin dalili na siginar? Gwada akasin haka kuma.
6. ƙwararren ƙwararren + doka / bin doka yana yanke shawara. Sanarwa (SBM / doka), zarge-zarge ko musantawa ana yin su ne kawai tare da tabbataccen shaida da tabbaci; Ana yin rikodin kowane mataki a cikin rikodin waƙa.

uku mini lokuta

Case 1 - Tabbatar da tuhuma. Leken asiri na wucin gadi ya yiwa fayil ɗin inshorar mota alama tare da sigina "cikakkiyar asarar kwanaki 6 bayan ƙaddamar da manufofin" da "kwanakin daftari kafin ranar taron". Masanin ya bincika daftarin: a zahiri kwanan wata kafin abin ya faru, kuma alamun ƙwararrun ba su dace da karon da aka kwatanta ba. Tabbatacciyar shaida ta fito; An matsar da fayil ɗin yadda ya kamata zuwa tsarin doka da tsarin SBM. Alamar ta ci gaba saboda tana da goyan bayan shaida.

Case 2 - Ƙarya tabbatacce. Leken asiri na wucin gadi ya sanya alamar inshora a matsayin "da'awar 4 a cikin shekaru 2 da suka gabata, babban haɗari". Masanin ya yi nazari: uku daga cikin barnar motoci daban-daban ne suka haddasa, daya kuma ta lalace; Dukkansu an rubuta su, ƙwararru da daidaito. Ba mummunan sa'a ba ne ko zamba. Masanin ya biya fayil ɗin a cikin al'ada. Idan an bi siginar a makance, za a ci zarafin abokin ciniki mai gaskiya ba tare da adalci ba.

Case 3 - Tsarin tsari. Artificial intelligence marked the repetition of the same repair shop, the same witness and similar event narrative in different files. Kwararrun da ƙungiyar lauyoyi sun tabbatar da wannan haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar SBM da binciken filin; Tsarin tsari ya fito. Ba a yanke shawarar ta hanyar sigina ɗaya ba, amma ta hanyar tabbataccen sarkar shaida da ingantaccen yarda.

Hanyoyi huɗu masu kwafi

1) Siginar tuhuma kafin dubawa:

Kai mataimaki ne mai sharhi kan zamba. Bincika fayil ɗin da'awar da ba a bayyana ba DON zamba: [manna fayil] Fitarwa: yuwuwar sigina na tuhuma (abu ta abu), dalilin kowane sigina da takaddar da ta dogara da ita. Ga kowane sigina, "Shin za a iya samun bayanin marar laifi?" ƙara bayanin kula.Kada ku zargi, kada ku yanke shawara; Yana fitar da sigina ne kawai don a bincika.

2) Tsarin Tabbatarwa:

Shirya tsarin tabbatarwa don alamun shakku masu zuwa: [manna sigina] Ga kowane sigina: (a) takarda/bayanai/nazarta don TABBATAR da shi, (b) takarda/bayanai don ƙin yarda da shi, (c) nuna don duba tare da tambayar SBM. Manufar ba ita ce zargi ba, amma don sanin ko gaskiya ne ko ƙarya.

3) Tabbatar da daidaiton daftarin aiki:

Kwatanta takaddun da'awar masu zuwa don daidaito dangane da kwanan wata, adadin, wuri, da labarin abin da ya faru: [manna takardu] Nuna maki masu karo da juna; Rubuta wace takarda ta fito. Ƙara sharhi; kawai lissafta rashin daidaituwa.

4) Bayanin sake dubawa (ba yanke shawara):

Zana wata maƙasudin bita bisa ga binciken VERIFIED mai zuwa: [tabbatacciyar shaida, siginar karya] Sautin: tsaka tsaki, tushen shaida, mara zargi. Kula da zato na rashin laifi. Ƙara bayanin kula: "Shawarar ƙarshe da sanarwa tana ƙarƙashin izini/ yarda da bin doka ta ƙwararren gwani."

Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi

Rauni: "Shin wannan abokin ciniki yaudara ne? Ya kamata mu ƙi shi?"

Matsala: Neman zargi / musun kai tsaye (yankin ja) daga AI; babu shaida, babu tabbaci kuma babu zato na rashin laifi. Haɗarin halayen ƙarya da rashin kuskure yana da yawa sosai.

Mai ƙarfi: "Ka yi kama da mataimakiyar manazarcin zamba. A cikin wannan fayil ɗin da ba a bayyana sunan sa ba, jera siginar tuhuma tare da hujja; ga kowannensu, yana nuna yuwuwar bayanin marar laifi da hanyoyin tabbatarwa. Kada ku sanya zargi."

Me ya sa yake da kyau: Fitowar ita ce jerin bincike, ba zargi ba; Ana kiyaye zato na rashin laifi da tabbatarwa.

kwatanta jadawalin

mataki

basirar wucin gadi

Gwani/Shari'a

ka'ida

Sigina pre-scan

alamu

Yana kimantawa

Sigina ≠ shaida

shirin tabbatarwa

zane-zane

Ya shafi

Tabbatar da hujja

Tabbacin takarda/ gwaninta

kwatanta

Sharhi

shaida ta zahiri

SBM/tambayoyin bayanai

-

Tambayoyi

hanyar tantancewa

Zargi/sanarwa

-

Shawara + yarda

zato na rashin laifi

Kuskuren gama gari

• Kuskure siginar don shaida. Musanya kai tsaye ko zargi tare da lakabin "babban haɗari".
• Ba bincika bayanin mara laifi ba. Ba gwada cewa akwai iya zama halaltaccen dalili na siginar ba.
• Yin watsi da farashin ƙiyayyar ƙarya. Cin zarafin abokan ciniki masu gaskiya da lalata amana da mutunci.
• Jinkirta biya ba tare da hujja ba. Barin shi tare da tuhuma ba tare da shaida ba matsala ce ta ɗa'a da ta shari'a.
• Ka bar wata alama. Ba rikodin abin da aka kimanta shaida da kuma yadda; su kasance marasa tsaro a cikin iko da doka.

a takaice

Leken asiri na wucin gadi yana bincika fayilolin da ake tuhuma da kuma tuta su bisa sigina don gano zamba; amma ba ya zargi kuma ba ya yanke hukunci. Tabbatar da kowane sigina tare da takaddun shaida, ƙima, binciken SBM da duba wurin idan ya cancanta; kuma bincika bayanin mara laifi; Ka tuna cewa maganganun ƙarya suna cutar da abokin ciniki. Ana yin caji, ƙaryatawa da sanarwar SBM/hankali na doka tare da ingantattun shaida da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun + amincewar doka/ yarda. Zaton rashin laifi yana da mahimmanci; Hukuncin ƙarshe na ɗan adam ne.

Aikin aikace-aikace

Ɗauki fayilolin lalacewa uku (wanda ba a san su ba) don dalilai na gwaji; Aƙalla ɗaya daga cikinsu ya zama na gaske kuma biyu daga cikinsu yakamata su sami alamun shakku. Cire sigina tare da lambar gaggawa ta 1, yi tsarin tabbatarwa ga kowane sigina tare da lambar gaggawar 2. Sannan yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da siginar a zahiri: waɗanne ne aka goyan bayan shaida, waɗanda ke da inganci na ƙarya? Rubuta sakin layi dalilin da ya sa ka'idar "shaida ≠ siginar" ke da mahimmanci a wannan misalin.

jerin abubuwan dubawa

• [ ] Na ɓoye sunan mahallin / na tsaya a cikin tsarin da aka amince da kamfani.
• [ ] Na jera sigina da dalili; Ba na son zargi.
• [ ] Na ƙaddara hanyar tabbatarwa da ƙin yarda ga kowace sigina.
• [ ] Na tabbatar da shi tare da takardu, ƙwarewa da kuma tambayar SBM.
• [ ] Na bincika yuwuwar bayanin mara laifi.
• [ ] Na yi zargin / rahoton ne kawai tare da shaida + ƙwararren masani / amincewar doka.
• [ ] Na bi diddigin duka kimantawa.