Riba:
- Ability don bambanta tsakanin sifilin yanar gizo da tsaka tsaki na carbon da kimanta maƙasudin raguwa dangane da gaskiyar tare da ƙimar SBTi / 1.5 ° C
- Ikon ba da fifikon matakan ragewa tare da ma'anar MACC (farashin ragi mai rahusa), ba da fifikon farashi mara kyau.
- Ikon yin hasashen fitar da hayaki na shekaru da yawa tare da lamba maimakon da hannu da kuma tsara kashewa kawai don saura makawa.
Da zarar kun fitar da kaya, aikin na gaske ya fara: rage fitar da hayaki. Amma ba za a iya samun raguwa ta hanyar ayyana kyakkyawar niyya ba; Yana buƙatar manufa, taswirar hanya da fifiko. A cikin wannan rukunin, zaku koyi manufar sifilin net, maƙasudin tushen kimiyya, zaɓuɓɓukan rage girman ƙima ta farashi (MACC), da kuma yadda AI zata iya haɓaka wannan dabarun aikin.
Concepts farko. Net zero shine lokacin da wata cibiya ta rage yawan iskar gas da take fitarwa gwargwadon yiwuwa kuma ta daidaita ragowar ɓangaren da babu makawa tare da ingantattun hanyoyin, rage tasirin gidan yanar gizon zuwa sifili. Tsakanin Carbon gabaɗaya ra'ayi ne mai rauni; Yawancin lokaci yana dogara ne akan siyan lada maimakon ragi, don haka haɗarin wanke kore yana da yawa. Maƙasudin tushen kimiyya (SBT) wani tsari ne wanda ke tabbatar da cewa manufar rage kamfani yana daidaitawa da kimiyyar da ake buƙata don iyakance dumamar yanayi zuwa 1.5 ° C; SBTi (Science Based Targets initiative) ita ce ƙungiyar da ta amince da waɗannan manufofin.
Alamomi: "Net zero" baya daya da "carbon tsaka tsaki." Sifili na yanar gizo yana buƙatar raguwa mai zurfi da farko, sannan kuma cire mai inganci don saura. Ɗaukar ɓarna kawai da kiransa "tsaka-tsaki" hanya ce da masu dubawa da masu gudanarwa ke ƙara ƙin yarda.
Zaɓuɓɓukan Rage Ragewa: MACC
Ƙungiya na iya samun da dama na zaɓuɓɓukan ragewa: Fitilar LED, rufin rufin rana, famfo mai zafi, jirgin ruwa na lantarki, sauyawa mai kaya. Wanne za a fara da shi? MACC (Marginal Abatement Cost Curve) ne ya bayar da amsar. MACC tana ba da kowane zaɓi akan gatari na "farashin kowace ton na CO₂e da aka guje wa" (€/ton) da " jimlar adadin da aka guje wa "(ton).
Wasu matakan suna da mummunan farashi - wato, suna rage hayaki kuma suna adana kuɗi (misali ƙarfin makamashi, saboda ƙarancin makamashi yana nufin ƙananan kudade). Ana yin waɗannan da farko. Matakan tsada (misali wasu fasahar kama) an bar su har zuwa ƙarshe. MACC tana jagorantar kasafin kuɗi don cimma mafi yawan raguwa a mafi ƙarancin farashi.
yin taka tsantsan
Ragewa (ton CO₂ kowace shekara)
Farashin (€/ton)
fifiko
Ingantaccen makamashi (LED, insulation)
400
-60 (riba)
mai girma
rufin saman hasken rana
900
-15 (riba)
babba
Kwangilar wutar lantarki
1,500
8
babba
Juyawa zuwa jirgin ruwa na lantarki
300
45
matsakaici
Mai ba da ƙarancin carbon abu
1,100
70
matsakaici
Tabbatar da cirewar carbon (kayyade)
saura
90+
karshen
Binciken yanayin labari: ƙirar gaba
Ragewar tafiya ce ta shekaru da yawa, ba shekara ɗaya ba. Binciken yanayi yana tsara yadda hayaƙi zai canza a ƙarƙashin zato daban-daban (girma, farashin makamashi, saurin fasaha). Yawanci yanayin asali (kasuwa-kamar-kasuwanci - idan ba a yi wani abu ba) ana kwatanta shi tare da yanayin ragewa (idan an aiwatar da matakan). Bambanci shine ainihin tasirin raguwa.
Nan AI; Ya zo da amfani don tsara zato na yanayi, gina samfuran tsinkaya masu sauƙi a cikin Python, gyara teburin MACC, da tsara rubutun taswirar hanya. Amma gaskiyar zato, daidaiton bayanan farashi da kuma yanke shawara mai mahimmanci na ku ne.
Mataki zuwa mataki: taswirar hanya mai sauƙi
1. Ƙayyade tushen shekara da burin. Maƙasudi bayyananne, wanda za'a iya aunawa, kwanan wata kamar "cikakkiyar raguwar 50% daga 2019 a Matsakaicin 1+2 ta 2030."
2. Lissafi da ƙididdige zaɓuɓɓukan. Yi ƙididdige adadin da farashin ragewa ga kowane ma'auni.
3. Tsare ta hanyar MACC. Kawo matakan da ba su da kyau da kuma maras tsada.
4. Yada shekaru. Wanne gwargwado a cikin wace shekara? Zana lanƙwasa wanda ya dace da kasafin kuɗi.
5. Shirya kashe kuɗin ku don saura. Zaɓi ingantattun ingantattun hanyoyin kawar da hayaki mai inganci.
6. Saka idanu da sake dubawa. Kwatanta ainihin tare da manufa kowace shekara kuma gyara duk wani sabani.
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Rashin ƙarancin farashi. Ɗaya daga cikin kasuwancin ya gaya wa AI don "yi babban raguwa da farko," kuma AI ya ba da shawarar wani aikin kama mai tsada. Lokacin da tawagar ta yi amfani da MACC, sun gano cewa tan 400 na matakan samar da makamashi sun ceci € 60 kowace tonne, watau raguwa kyauta. Sun jera ta farashi; A shekarar farko, sun rage tan 400 ba tare da kasafin kudi ba.
Case 2 - Hasashen hasashe. Wani kamfani ya nemi AI don babban taken: "Za mu zama sifili gaba ɗaya nan da 2025." Manazarcin ya nuna cewa kashi 85% na hayakin da ake fitarwa a halin yanzu yana cikin Matsakaicin 3 kuma ba zai yiwu a kawar da shi cikin shekara guda ba. An ja maƙasudin zuwa madaidaicin kewayawa (2030 na wucin gadi + 2040 net sifili); Ya zama mai bin ka'idojin SBTi. Manufar da ba ta dace ba daga baya na iya zama zarge-zargen wanke-wanke.
Case 3 - Lambobin tsinkaya. Wani manazarci ya sa AI ya ƙididdige hasashen fitar da hayakinsa na shekaru 10 da hannu; AI ta yi amfani da ƙimar raguwar fili ba daidai ba kuma ta rage ƙimar 2030 da 12%. Lokacin da manazarci yayi wannan lissafin tare da lambar Python (looping kowace shekara), madaidaiciyar lanƙwasa ta fito. Yana da mahimmanci a sami ƙididdige asusun asusun na shekaru da yawa.
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rawanin faɗakarwa:
Rubuta shirin sifili mai sifili don kamfani na.
Me yasa yake da rauni: Babu shekara ta tushe, manufa, iyaka, hayaki na yanzu da farashi. Fitowar za ta zama gama-gari, rubutu mara amfani.
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:
Matsayinku: mai ba da shawara kan dabarun yanayi. Zana taswirar ragewa tare da bayanai masu zuwa. Base year 2019, halin yanzu Scope 1+2 emissions6,000 tonnes CO₂e, manufa 50% cikakkar raguwa ta 2030. Tsara wadannan jerin matakan bisa ga ma'anar MACC (mara kyau / low cost farko) kuma yada shi tsawon shekaru. KADA KA sanya lambobi; Na ba ku ƙididdigar farashi/raguwa, kuna jera su kuma ku yi alama a cikin ɓangarorin [DOLE NE VERIFIED]. Kariya: [jerin]
Samfura huɗu masu kwafi
1) Tsarin MACC:
Sanya matakan ragewa masu zuwa ta farashi mai ragi (€/ton). Ba da fifikon matakan tsada mara kyau (ajiye). Ga kowane ma'auni, kiyaye raguwa (tons na CO₂e) da ginshiƙin farashi kuma ƙara raguwar tarawa. Kada ku sanya lambobin; Yi amfani da bayanan da na ba ku. Kariya: [tebur]
2) Hasashen yanayi (tare da lamba):
Matsayinku: Carbon modeler. Ƙirƙirar tsinkaya tare da lambar Python, farawa daga [START] ton na hayaki da ɗaukar raguwa [RATE] a kowace shekara har zuwa [SHEKARA]. Yi ƙididdige yanayin tushe (babu raguwa) da raguwar yanayin daban kuma kwatanta su da tebur kowace shekara. Yi lissafin tare da lamba, ba da hannu ba.
3) Duba hakikanin manufa:
Muhimman kimanta maƙasudin yanayi mai zuwa. Tambayi: (1) Cikakkun bayanai ko tushen yawa? (2) An haɗa Matsakaicin 3? (3) Shin lokaci zai yiwu a zahiri? (4) Shin SBTi ya dace da ƙimar 1.5°C? Idan ba gaskiya ba ne, ba da shawarar dalili da manufa da aka daidaita. Target: [nan]
4) Rubutun taswirar hanya:
Juya jerin matakan da aka ba da umarni na gaba zuwa rubutun taswirar hanya don gabatarwa ga masu ruwa da tsaki. Ga kowane ma'auni: menene, lokacin, raguwar da ake tsammani, naúrar alhakin. Amfani da karin gishiri / maganganun da ba a tabbatar ba; Kawai dogara ga lambobin da na ba ku. Kariya: [jerin]
Kuskuren gama gari
- Ba matakan ƙima ba bisa ga farashi. Yakamata a dauki matakan farashi mara kyau koyaushe.
- Daukar kashewa kawai tayi sannan tace "net zero". Rage zurfi na farko; Kudina na saura ne kawai.
- Ba da kwanakin da ba su dace ba. Cibiyar mai nauyin iyaka 3 ba za ta iya zama sifili ba a cikin shekara guda.
- Samun lissafin fili da hannu. Yi hasashen shekaru da yawa zuwa lamba.
- Daidaita farashi/rage bayanan zuwa AI. Waɗannan lambobin sun fito daga aikin injiniya da bayanan kasuwa.
Tsanaki: Kasuwar kawar da carbon (kayyade) ta bambanta sosai dangane da inganci. Da'awar sifili ta yanar gizo bisa ƙididdige ƙididdiga waɗanda ba su da tushe ko "marasa dindindin" (misali gandun daji da zai iya ƙonewa) na iya rushewa cikin bincike da ra'ayin jama'a. Cire madaidaici ne, ba madadin ragewa ba.
a takaice
Rage fitarwa; Yana buƙatar bayyananniyar manufa, fifikon farashi tare da MACC, yanayin shekaru da yawa da taswirar hanya ta gaske. AI; Mai ƙarfi a cikin jeri, lambar tsinkaya, zargi da ƙima da rubuta rubutu. Amma daidaiton bayanan farashi / ragi, gaskiyar abin da aka yi niyya da ingancin cirewa na gwani ne. Na farko auna, sannan a rage, ma'auni na ƙarshe.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Lissafin matakan ragewa guda shida kuma sanya ƙididdige ragi (ton) da farashi (€/ton) ga kowane (aƙalla biyu tare da farashi mara kyau). Ka sa AI ta yi rarrabuwar MACC tare da samfuri 1. Sannan tare da samfuri 2, buga lambar tsinkaya zuwa 2030, farawa daga fitarwa na yanzu. A ƙarshe, bincika gaskiyar burin ku tare da samfuri na 3.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na ayyana maƙasudi bayyananne, abin aunawa, kwanan wata manufa.
- [ ] Na jera matakan ta MACC da farashi.
- [ ] Na kawo matakan farashi mara kyau a gaba.
- [ ] Na yi hasashen ba da hannu ba, amma ta hanyar lamba.
- [ ] Na shirya kashe diyya na ne kawai ga ragowar da ba za a iya kaucewa ba.
- [ ] Na duba dacewa da haƙiƙanin manufa ta SBTi/1.5°C.