Raka'a
1. Gabatarwa zuwa Hankali na Artificial a Ci gaban Wasan: Matsayi, Iyakoki, Tabbatarwa, Haƙƙin mallaka da Da'a 2. Nau'in samfuri da Ƙirƙirar Injini: Saurin haɓakawa daga ra'ayi zuwa Core mai kunnawa 3. Tsarin Halayyar NPC da Tsarin Tattaunawa: Hankali na Artificial Wanda ke Kawo Halin Rayayye 4. Ƙarfafa Abubuwan Ƙunƙasa Tsari (PCG): Mataki, Taswira, Nema da Labari 5. Kayayyaki da Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin: Ra'ayin Art, 2D/3D da Rubutu 6. Sauti, Kiɗa da Tasirin Ƙirƙirar: Duniyar Wasan Ji 7. Ƙirƙirar Code da Haɗin Injiniya: Haɗin kai (C#) da Rashin Gaskiya (Blueprint/C++) 8. Daidaiton Wasan, Kwaikwayo da Tattalin Arziki: Wasan Gaskiya Mai Lambobi 9. Tabbacin Inganci (QA), Debugging da Gwaji Mai sarrafa kansa 10. Haƙƙin mallaka, Asalinsa, Lasisi da ɗa'a: Bugawa da abun ciki mai alhakin 11. Ƙarshe-zuwa Ƙarshen Ƙarshen Ƙarshen Ƙarshe, Haɗin Ƙarshen Ƙarshen Samfura, Gudanarwa da Sabis na Rayuwa
Naúrar 7 / 11

Ƙirƙirar Code da Haɗin Injiniya: Haɗin kai (C#) da Rashin Gaskiya (Blueprint/C++)

Riba:

  • Ikon samar da abin dogaro, mai haɗa lambar wasan daga hankali na wucin gadi ta hanyar ba da injin, sigar, harshe da mahallin gine-gine da haɗa shi ta hanyar karantawa da fahimtar lambar.
  • Ikon sarrafa takamaiman aikin code-game (ƙirƙira kowane firam), hawan keke, da haɗarin ruɗi ta hanyar haɗawa, gwaji, da bayanin martaba.
  • Ikon yin amfani da ƙa'idar ikon mai masaukin baki a cikin wasanni masu yawa da kuma amfani da bayanan tsaro cikin alhaki kawai don kare da tabbatar da wasan naku.

Wasan software ne; Ko ta yaya aka tsara shi, ana aiwatar da shi da lamba. Injin wasan shine kayan aikin da ke sa wasan ya gudana: Unity (injin da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a rubuce a cikin C#) da Injin Unreal (injin da ke amfani da C++ da harshen rubutun gani na Blueprint) su ne na gama gari. AI yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma na taimako a cikin tsara lambar: mai sarrafa mai kunnawa, tsarin ƙididdigewa, injunan jihohi, adanawa / kaya, dabaru na mu'amala, gyarawa da sake fasalin (lambar sake fasalin ba tare da keta halayensa ba). Amma lambar wasan tana da nata tarkace: aiki (ƙirar ƙira), hawan injin, tsaro na multiplayer. A cikin wannan rukunin zaku koyi yadda ake amfani da AI cikin aminci da inganci a cikin lambar wasan.

Muhimmiyar ka'ida: inji da mahallin sigar

Idan AI bai san wane inji da sigar da yake rubutawa ba, zai haifar da ruɗewa, wanda ba a gama ba ko kuma babu shi API. Don haka ba da injin, sigar, harshe da mahallin gine-gine a cikin kowane lambar faɗakarwa. "Rubuta motsi na 'yan wasa don Unity" yana da rauni; "Unity 2022.3, C #, sabon tsarin shigar da bayanai, Rigidbody based physics motsi" yana da ƙarfi. Ƙayyade ko kuna son Blueprint ko C++ a cikin Unreal da kuma wace sigar da kuke amfani da ita.

Amintaccen kwararar lamba mataki-mataki:

  1. Ba da mahallin (injin, sigar, harshe, gine-gine na yanzu, ƙuntatawa).
  2. So shi karami da ma'ana (bangaren guda ɗaya, ba duka tsarin ba).
  3. Karanta kuma ku fahimci lambar (fahimtar abin da yake yi layi da layi; kada ku sanya lambar da ba ku fahimta ba).
  4. Gina kuma gwada (gudu akan injin; bayanin martaba - auna aikin).
  5. Refactor da haɗawa (daidaitan aikin daidaitawa).
Tukwici: Lokacin tambayar AI don lamba, faɗi "bayani tare da sharhi". Manufar ku ita ce fahimtar lambar; Sanya lambar AI da ba ku fahimta ba a cikin aikin zai tara bashin da ba za a iya kiyayewa ba. Har ila yau, nemi lambar a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwararrun gwaji: Maimakon tsarin layi na 500, sashin layi na 30-50 wanda ke yin aikin da aka ƙayyade yana da sauƙi don tabbatarwa da haɗawa.

Tarko na musamman ga lambar wasan

Ayyuka. Lambar wasan tana gudana sau 30-60+ a sakan daya. AI na iya sanya ayyuka masu tsada (ƙirƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, dubawa, sarrafa kirtani) a cikin madaidaicin Ɗaukakawa wanda ke gudana a kowane firam; wannan yana rage ƙimar firam. Ƙididdigar ayyuka masu mahimmanci kuma suna ba da ƙuntatawa na AI kamar "gudu akan kowane firam, babu kasafi".

Zagayowar rayuwar injin. AI wani lokaci yana rikicewa lokacin da ake kiran hanyoyi na musamman, kamar Awake/Fara/Update in Unity, BeginPlay/Tick in Unreal. Kama kurakurai a zagayen rayuwa ta gwaji.

Tsaro da yawa. Wannan shi ne batun mafi mahimmanci dangane da IT / tsaro. Kar a taɓa amincewa da abokin ciniki a cikin masu wasa da yawa: ana iya amfani da abokin ciniki akan kwamfutar mai kunnawa don magudi. Tabbatar da mahimmancin matsayi kamar maki, lalacewa, kuɗi akan uwar garken (uwar garken-izini). Sarrafa lambar hanyar sadarwar da AI ta haifar akan wannan ka'ida; Idan AI ta ƙirƙiri raunin dogara ga abokin ciniki, gyara shi. Yi amfani da wannan bayanin kawai don kare da tabbatar da wasan ku; Samun damar shiga ko zamba akan sabar wani ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kuma rashin da'a.

Tsanaki: lambar AI da aka ƙirƙira na iya ƙunsar lahani (rasa ingantacciyar shigarwa, amincewar abokin ciniki, adana magudin fayil). Kar a yarda da lambar a makance; Yi bitar tsaro, musamman na hanyar sadarwa, tattalin arziki, da adana lamba.

Bashi na gine-gine da kulawa

AI yana samar da ayyuka na mutum da sauri; Amma tsarin gine-ginen wasan - yadda ake rarraba tsarin, yadda suke magana da juna, inda aka adana bayanai - yanke shawara ne na dogon lokaci, kuma na mutum ne. Idan ka gaya wa AI don "rubutu gabaɗayan kaya, yaƙi, da adana tsarin tare" za ku sami aiki amma haɗe-haɗe, mai wuyar kiyayewa, ƙwallon yarn mara faɗaɗa. Madadin haka, kuna tsara gine-ginen, yi amfani da AI don cika ƙananan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙayyadaddun musaya. Kyakkyawan gine-gine yana haifar da bambanci yayin da wasan ke girma: yanke shawara mara kyau ya dawo bayan shekara guda kamar bashin fasaha wanda ke jinkirta kowane sabon fasali.

Wani tushen bashin kulawa shine lambar da ke shiga aikin ba tare da an fahimta ba. Tsarin da AI ya rubuta zai iya aiki a yau; Amma lokacin da za ku maye gurbin shi bayan watanni shida kuma ba wanda ya tuna abin da suka yi, bashin ya zama riba. Shi ya sa fannoni biyu ke da mahimmanci: karantawa da fahimtar lambar a lokacin samarwa, da neman fayyace sharhi daga AI. A matsayinka na babban yatsan hannu, kar a sanya kowane lambar AI a cikin aikin ku wanda ba za ku iya sake rubutawa kanku ba ko aƙalla bayyana layi ta layi. AI yana ba da sauri; Horon ku yana ba da dorewa.

uku mini lokuta

Hali na 1 - Yanayin sakin ya hana kwaro. Wani mai shirye-shirye da farko ya ce, "Rubuta kaya don Haɗin kai"; lambar tana amfani da tsohon API, bai tattara ba. Sannan ya ba da mahallin "Unity 2022.3, C #, bisa ga ScriptableObject"; lambar ta haɗa ta farko kuma ta dace da aikin. Mahallin ya ajiye sa'a guda na gyara kuskure.

Case 2 - tarkon aiki. A cikin wasa ɗaya ƙimar firam ɗin ya yi ƙasa kaɗan. Lokacin da aka bayyana, an ga cewa hanyar Sabuntawa ta AI ta ware sabon jeri a cikin kowane firam kuma ya nemi abokan gaba. Kafaffen lambar tare da bayanan da aka adana da sabuntawa marasa daidaituwa, yana haɓaka ƙimar firam daga 42 zuwa 60.

Hali na 3 - An kama rashin lafiyar tsaro. A cikin wasan wasa da yawa, lambar da aka samar da AI ta ƙididdige lalacewar abokin ciniki kuma ta ba da rahoto ga uwar garken; wannan an buɗe don zamba (abokin ciniki zai iya yin lahani mara iyaka). An sanya lambar uwar garken-marubuci (sabar tana ƙididdige lalacewar). Binciken ya hana wata badakalar yaudara bayan bugawa.

Samfura huɗu masu kwafi

1) Buƙatun lamba tare da mahallin:

Inji: Haɗin kai 2022.3. Harshe: C#. Gine-gine: [misali. dangane da abubuwan da ke ciki].Takurawa: Rabawa a Sabuntawa; a iya karantawa kuma a yi sharhi.Aiki: [guda ɗaya, ƙayyadaddun sashi, misali. "mai sarrafa halayen tsalle biyu"]. Tabbatar cewa kowane API da kuke amfani da shi yana cikin wannan sigar; Idan ba ku da tabbas, sanar da ni.

2) Bayanin lamba/bita:

Yi bayanin layin lambar da ke gaba ta layi kuma rubuta (1) abin da yake yi, (2) matsalolin aiki mai yuwuwa (ƙirƙira kowane firam, bincike mai tsada), (3) yuwuwar kwari, (4) shawarwari don ingantawa.Code: [manna]

3) Binciken tsaro da yawa:

Bincika waɗannan lambobin masu wasa da yawa don tsaro. Musamman: wuraren da aka amince da abokin ciniki, yanayi mai mahimmanci wanda ke buƙatar tabbatarwa akan sabar (lalacewa, maki, kuɗi), rashin ingantaccen shigarwar shigarwa. Ba da shawarar gyara don yin uwar garken-marubuci.Wannan kawai don kare wasa na ne. Code: [Paste]

4) Refactor mayar da hankali kan bayanin martaba:

Wannan lambar tana aiki akan kowace firam kuma tana rage ƙimar firam: [code].Nemi kasafi, duban tsadar tsada, da ayyukan firam-by-frame mara amfani; Haɓaka ba tare da karya ɗabi'a tare da caching da ƙarancin ɗaukakawa akai-akai ba. Bayyana canje-canje.

Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi

Rawanin faɗakarwa:

Rubuta tsarin adanawa a cikin Unity.

Babu sigar, tsari, iyakokin bayanai, tsaro; Sakamakon shine gabaɗaya kuma mai haɗari.

Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:

Injin: Unity 2022.3, C#. Aiki: tushen JSON tsarin adana/nauyi. Don ajiyewa: wurin mai kunnawa, kaya, ci gaba. Ƙuntatawa: samun sarrafa kuskure game da lalata fayil; Ƙara rajistan gaskiya (hash) a cikin fayil ɗin adanawa don hana magudi ta hanyar canza shi ta mai kunnawa cikin sauƙi. Yi sharhi da lambar kuma tabbatar da cewa kowane API yana cikin wannan sigar.

Ƙirƙirar sigar, iyakoki, sarrafa kuskure, da tabbatar da gaskiya suna ƙarfafa fitarwa.

Teburin mahallin injin / harshe

inji

harshe

Abin da za ku ba wa AI

kulawa ta musamman

hadin kai

C#

Sigar, Tsarin shigarwa/tsarin lissafi

Sabunta kasafi, zagayen rayuwa

rashin gaskiya

Blueprint

Siga, mahallin kumburi

Iyakokin dabaru na gani

rashin gaskiya

C++

Siga, tsarin tsarin

Memory, GC, macros

multiplayer

duka biyu

tsarin sadarwa

Mai gabatarwa-mai iko

Kuskuren gama gari

  • Ba ƙayyadadden injin / sigar ba. Ya fito ne daga tsohuwar API ko sanya-up.
  • Amintaccen code ba tare da fahimtar shi ba. Bashin da ba a kula da shi yana tarawa.
  • Ba auna aikin ba. Rarraba Frame-by-frame a shiru yana rage ƙimar firam.
  • Amincewa da abokin ciniki. Akwai rashin lahani a cikin masu wasa da yawa.
  • Ana son tsarin gaba ɗaya. Karami, yanki mai gwadawa ya fi aminci.

A takaice

AI shine mataimaki mai ƙarfi a cikin lambar wasan, amma yana buƙatar injin, sigar, da mahallin gine-gine. Kada ku sanya shi a cikin aikin ba tare da karantawa da fahimtar lambar ba, tattarawa da gwada shi, da bincika aiki da tsaro. Kiyaye ikon uwar garke a cikin ƴan wasa da yawa kuma amfani da bayanan tsaro don dalilai na tsaro da tabbatarwa kawai.

Aikin aikace-aikace

Zaɓi ƙaramin sashi (misali tsalle biyu ko ƙira mai sauƙi). Ƙirƙirar lamba ta hanyar samar da injina da sigar tare da samfurin "buƙatun lamba tare da mahallin". Sa'an nan kuma cire aiki da haɗari na kwari ta hanyar yin nazarin lamba iri ɗaya tare da samfurin "bayanin bayanin lamba/bita". Haɗa kuma gwada lambar a cikin injin.

jerin abubuwan dubawa

  • [ ] Na ba da injin, sigar, harshe da mahallin gine-gine.
  • [ ] Na karanta kuma na fahimci lambar; Na so shi da sharhi.
  • [ ] Na tattara kuma na gwada shi a cikin injin kuma na auna aikin.
  • [ ] Na yi binciken tsaro a cikin hanyar sadarwa/tattalin arziki/ajiye lambar.
  • [ ] Na yi amfani da bayanan tsaro ne kawai don kare wasana.
A baya Na gaba