Riba:
- Ikon jera manyan iyakoki na hankali na wucin gadi a cikin nazarin tattalin arziki (ƙira, ranar yanke bayanai, makanta mai haɗari, hutun tsari)
- Ikon kafa amintaccen amfani da KVKK aiki mai dacewa wanda ke ba da kariya ga bayanan sirri, bayanan sirrin kasuwa da bayanan sirri
- Ikon ƙirƙira da aiwatar da tsarin gudanarwa na matakin AI (rajista, tabbatarwa, lissafin lissafi, sarkar amincewa)
Gwajin Module
1. Ma'aikacin banki na tsakiya yana sanya hasashen hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da AI ta haifar kai tsaye a cikin bayanin manufofin hukuma ba tare da wani tabbaci ba. Menene babban kuskure a cikin wannan hanya?
- A) Canza fitar da bayanan sirri na wucin gadi zuwa yanke shawara ba tare da haɗa shi da tushen ba, sake ƙididdige shi da tabbatar da tattalin arziki; Yin watsi da cewa alhakin yana kan mutane ✔
- B) An haramta yin amfani da hankali na wucin gadi a cikin hasashen tattalin arziki
- C) Hankali na wucin gadi koyaushe yana nuna hauhawar farashin ƙasa fiye da yadda yake
- D) Ba a gabatar da hasashen a cikin jadawali ba
Bayani: Hankali na wucin gadi yana samar da tsarin ƙididdiga; amma alhakin hasashe da abin da ke cikin taƙaitaccen manufofin ya rataya ne a kan ƙwararren masanin tattalin arziki da kuma cibiyar. Fitowar da ba a tantance ba yana da haɗari kamar rahoton da ba a sanya hannu ba; Dole ne a haɗa lambar zuwa tushen asali, sake ƙididdigewa kuma a wuce ta hanyar tace tattalin arziki.
2. Menene mafi aminci hanya lokacin da ka tambayi wucin gadi hankali, 'Ba ni halin yanzu gibin asusu na Turkiye a 2024'?
- A) Amince lambar da aka bayar ta hanyar basirar wucin gadi kuma amfani da shi kai tsaye
- B) Tabbatar da adadi daga buga ma'auni na biyan kuɗi na CBRT da tabbatar da kwanan wata/raka'a ✔
- C) Samun lambar daga gidan yanar gizon bazuwar yanar gizo
- D) Yin watsi da lambar saboda zai canza ko ta yaya
Bayani: Lamba da aka bayar ta hanyar basirar wucin gadi na iya zama tsufa fiye da ranar yanke bayanan horon ko kuma ana iya yin su (hallucination). Iyakar ingantaccen tushen bayanan tattalin arziki shine bugu na hukuma; A cikin wannan misalin, shine ma'aunin ƙididdiga na biyan kuɗi na CBRT. Dole ne a tabbatar da lambar daga tushen asali.
3. Wani manazarci yana ba da ɗanyen jerin CPI zuwa hankali na wucin gadi kuma ya ce 'ƙididdige ci gaba na gaske'. Wanne daga cikin waɗannan halayen ingantaccen inganci?
- A) Ƙara sakamakon a cikin rahoton ba tare da karanta shi ba
- B) Kallon kawai ko sakamakon 'yana da ma'ana'
- C) Tabbatar da sakamakon ta karanta ƙididdiga / lambar da aka samar da kuma ƙididdigewa da hannu aƙalla lokaci ɗaya ✔
- D) Tambayi hankali na wucin gadi 'ka tabbata?' kuma gamsuwa da amsar 'eh'
Bayani: A cikin daidaitattun lissafin tattalin arziki irin su ainihin-fasaha na ainihi, AI mai yiwuwa ba za ta yi amfani da madaidaicin dabara ba ko haɗa shekarar tushe. Dole ne manazarci ya karanta lambar da aka samar da dabara, da hannu lissafta aƙalla kallo ɗaya kuma kwatanta sakamakon. M, an fi son lissafin lissafi.
4. Me yasa ake yin 'ba da baya' a cikin hasashen lokaci?
- A) Don nuna yadda 'kyau' samfurin ya dace da bayanan tarihi
- B) Don kammala kimanta ta atomatik
- C) Don ƙawata bayanai
- D) Don auna nasarar hasashen gaske ta hanyar gwada samfurin a lokutan baya lokacin da ba a cikin horo ba ✔
Bayani: Ƙididdiga na baya yana auna yadda samfurin ya yi tsinkaya a cikin lokutan baya waɗanda bai sani ba; Yana kare samfurin daga tarkon overfitting ta hanyar kallon bayanan da ya dace kawai. Yana da wani abin da ake bukata don amfani da samfurin a cikin ainihin duniya.
5. Menene 'tasirin tushe' a cikin sharhin hauhawar farashin kaya kuma me yasa yake buƙatar kulawa?
- A) Canjin shekara-shekara yana shafar ƙananan / mafi girma na lokacin kwatanta bara ✔
- B) A ko da yaushe hauhawar farashin kaya yana tashi
- C) Babban hauhawar farashin kaya yana sama da kanun labarai
- D) Daidaita farashin lokaci
Bayani: Tasirin tushe shine cewa yawan canjin shekara yana shafar ƙarancin (tushe) na bara ko babba da kuma ci gaban wannan shekara. Ragewar kanun kan hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki na iya kasancewa saboda babban tushe na bara ba koma baya na gaske ba. Yawancin lokaci ana yin watsi da wannan rami a cikin taƙaicewar AI.
6. Ta yaya za a iya fayyace aikin basirar ɗan adam daidai a cikin binciken yanayi?
- A) Mai gani wanda ya san makomar gaba da haƙƙi
- B) Mai yanke hukunci na ƙarshe wanda ya ƙayyade zato da kansa
- C) Mataimaki wanda ke juya zato na zahiri zuwa ƙididdige ƙididdiga na gaskiya kuma ya sa zaɓuka a bayyane; hukunci yana cikin mutum ✔
- D) Kayan aiki na daidaito wanda ke sa rubutun ba dole ba ne
Bayani: Yanayin ba hasashe ba ne, amma yanayin motsa jiki na 'idan-to' bisa ga zato. AI shine mai haɓakawa a cikin fassarar zato cikin maƙunsar bayanai da kuma sa zaɓuka a bayyane; Koyaya, ikon mallakar zato, dacewarsu, da hukunci na ƙarshe ya rataya akan masanin tattalin arziki.
7. AI yana amfani da harshe mai ƙarfi kamar 'X yana ƙaruwa Y' lokacin da ake fassara fitowar koma baya. Menene madaidaicin martanin masanin tattalin arziki?
- A) Yarda da harshen dalili kamar yadda yake
- B) Gyara harshe ta hanyar duba haɗarin da ke tattare da sauye-sauye / ƙarshen rayuwa da kuma gyara gaskiyar cewa dangantaka ba ta nufin dalili ba.
- C) Yin watsi da koma baya gaba daya
- D) Zaton an tabbatar da dalilin idan R-squared yana da yawa
Bayani: Juyawa galibi yana auna dangantaka (daidaitawa); Za'a iya da'awar dalili kawai a ƙarƙashin ƙirar da ta dace (gwaji, canjin kayan aiki, gwaji na halitta, da sauransu) da zato. Akwai haɗarin sauye-sauyen da aka tsallake, endogeneity, da koma baya. Masanin tattalin arziki dole ne ya hana wannan yaren da ya wuce kima kuma ya tambayi yanayin.
8. Kuna da hankali na wucin gadi yana shirya taƙaitaccen adabi kan batun tattalin arziki, kuma rubutun ya ba da nassoshi kamar '(Yılmaz, 2019)'. Me ya kamata ku fara yi?
- A) Sanya nassoshi a cikin rahoton kamar yadda suke
- B) Zaton inganci mai kyau kawai saboda akwai ambato da yawa
- C) Kawai kallon daidaiton shekarun bugawa
- D) Tabbatar daga asalin asalin cewa kowane tunani yana wanzu kuma ya ƙunshi gano ✔
Bayani: Hankali na wucin gadi na iya samar da tushe da nassoshi waɗanda ba su wanzu (hallucination). Dole ne a tabbatar da kowace nassoshi daga asalin asalin cewa akwai ta a zahiri, cewa yanayinta daidai ne, kuma a haƙiƙa tana ɗauke da binciken da ake da'awar. Haɗarin da ba a tantance ba haɗari ne na ilimi da ƙwararru.
9. Wace hanya ce mafi gaskiya don nuna rashin tabbas a cikin rahoton tattalin arzikin jama'a?
- A) Bada takamaiman lamba ɗaya da rashin ambaton rashin tabbas kwata-kwata
- B) Boye mafi munin yanayin yanayi da bayar da lambar kyakkyawan fata kawai
- C) A sarari fayyace kewayon hasashen, al'amura da zato ✔
- D) Korar rashin tabbas ta hanyar cewa 'yana da rikitarwa'
Bayani: Rashin tabbas ba makawa a cikin hasashen tattalin arziki da bincike. A bayyane yake bayyana jeri, yanayi, da zato maimakon ainihin lamba ɗaya shine sadarwa ta gaskiya. Boye shubuha yana yaudarar mai karatu kuma yana zubar da mutuncin kungiyar.
10. Lokacin da ginshiƙi ya nuna haɓakar GDP, yana farawa a tsaye a 2% maimakon 0%. Me yasa hakan zai iya zama yaudara?
- A) Axis dashed zai iya yin karin girman ƙananan bambance-bambance kuma ya sa canjin ya fi girma fiye da yadda yake ✔
- B) Inda axis ya fara ba ya shafar jadawali ko kaɗan
- C) jadawali ta atomatik ya zama mafi daidai
- D) Zaɓin launi kawai yana da mahimmanci, axis ba shi da mahimmanci
Bayani: Ƙaƙwalwar guntu (ba ta farawa daga sifili ba) na iya haɓaka ƙananan bambance-bambance a gani kuma ya sa canjin ya zama mai ban mamaki. A cikin hangen nesa na gaskiya, zaɓin axis bai kamata ya karkatar da saƙon ba; Idan an yi amfani da axis da aka daɗe, dole ne a yi masa alama a fili.
11. Masanin binciken tanki yana toshe bayanan da ba a sani ba game da kasuwa wanda har yanzu ba a bayyana shi ba a cikin kayan aikin jama'a (marasa kasuwanci) AI. Menene babban haɗari?
- A) Babu haɗari, bayanan sun riga sun ƙididdige su
- B) Hadarin kawai shine cewa jadawali ya zama kuskure
- C) Hankali na wucin gadi yana aiwatar da bayanai a hankali
- D) Hadarin zubewar bayanai, sarrafa ta wasu kamfanoni da keta dokokin sirri/kasuwa ✔
Bayyanawa: Shigar da bayanan sirri ko na kasuwa a cikin kayan aikin jama'a yana haifar da haɗarin bayanan da wasu kamfanoni ke sarrafa su, zazzagewa ko amfani da su don horar da ƙirar; Wannan yana haifar da cin zarafin sirri/KVKK da haɗarin magudin kasuwa da bayanan sirri. Yakamata a sarrafa bayanai masu ma'ana a cikin amintattun cibiyoyi, amintattun kayan aiki da ɓoye sunayensu idan ya cancanta.
12. Ƙididdiga na nuni ɗaya da aka samo daga tushe guda biyu (TURKSTAT da ƙungiyar kasa da kasa) ba su dace ba. Menene mafi kusantar bayanin mara laifi?
- A) Daya daga cikin madogaran tabbas karya ce
- B) Ana iya samun bambanci a ma'anar, shekara ta tushe, iyaka, daidaitawar yanayi ko bita; metadata dole ne a daidaita ✔
- C) Bambancin lambobi ba shi da mahimmanci, ɗaukar matsakaicin su ya isa
- D) Ya isa ya tambayi basirar wucin gadi kuma a bar shi ya zabi wanda yake daidai.
Bayani: Bambanci a cikin mai nuna iri ɗaya a cikin mabambantan mabambanta yawanci saboda bambance-bambancen ma'anar, shekara ta tushe, iyaka, daidaita yanayi ko bita (version). Metadata (ma'anar, raka'a, lokaci, gyara) dole ne a daidaita su kafin kwatanta adadi.
13. Wanne daga cikin waɗannan ayyuka ne inda AI ke da ƙarfi a cikin nazarin tattalin arziki, yana haɓaka tare da ingantaccen ɗan adam?
- A) Don ba da izini na ƙarshe na adadin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a hukumance shi kaɗai
- B) Yin shawarwarin manufofin kuɗi maimakon cibiyar
- C) Haɓaka ayyuka kamar zayyana lambar tsabtace bayanai da taƙaita dogon rahotanni ✔
- D) Sanya hasashen da ba a tantance ba a cikin rahoton jama'a
Bayani: Hankali na wucin gadi; Ƙarfi a cikin injina da tsara ayyuka kamar tsara lamba, taƙaita dogon rahoto, ba da shawarar matakan tsaftace bayanai, gyara tsarawa da harshe. Koyaya, babban alhakin hasashe, yanke shawara da samar da alkaluman hukuma ya rataya a wuyan mutane. Amfanin da ya dace shine haɓaka inda yake da ƙarfi kuma ya kiyaye hukunci mai mahimmanci a cikin mutum.
14. Wane tsarin mulki ne ya fi dacewa don tabbatar da cewa ana sa ido akan abubuwan da aka fitar da bayanan sirri da kuma tantance su a wata cibiya?
- A) Ƙirƙirar hanyar ganowa da sarkar amincewa wanda ke yin rikodin buƙatun, kayan aiki, bayanai da matakan tabbatarwa ✔
- B) Rashin yin rikodin abubuwan da aka fitar kwata-kwata don kada aikin ya karu
- C) Kowa na iya amfani da abin hawan da yake so da bayanan da yake so.
- D) Babban mutum ne kawai ke amfani da hankali na wucin gadi, ba a adana bayanan
Bayani: Gudanar da Sauti; Yana buƙatar yin rikodin abin da aka samar da wace buƙata, tare da wane kayan aiki, tare da wane bayanai, matakin tabbatarwa da sarkar amincewar alhakin. Wannan horo na rikodi da yarda yana ba da damar gano kurakurai baya da fayyace alhakin.