Riba:
- Rarrabe nau'ikan sarrafa mutum uku (a cikin madauki, akan madauki, cikin umarni)
- Ganewa da rage haɗari na son zuciya da wariya a cikin fitarwar AI
- Fassara ƙa'idodin nuna gaskiya da bayyanawa cikin aikace-aikacen kankare
Tsarin AI na iya aiki da fasaha daidai amma har yanzu yana kuskure: yana iya kawar da ƙungiya ta tsari, ya kasa bayyana dalilin yanke shawararsa, ko kuma ya jagoranci mutane su karɓa ba tare da tambaya ba. A cikin wannan rukunin, muna fassara "laushi" amma mafi mahimmancin bangaren mulki - sarrafa ɗan adam, sarrafa son rai, bayyana gaskiya, da ɗa'a - zuwa ayyuka na zahiri. Manufar ba ita ce taken taken ba kamar "kada ku amince da AI"; Hanyoyi ne na aiki waɗanda ke nuna yadda ake tantance abin fitarwa, rage son zuciya, da tabbatar da gaskiya.
Samfura guda uku na sarrafa ɗan adam
Sa ido na ɗan adam yana nufin cewa ɗan adam yana riƙe da iko akan shawarar da AI ta yanke. Akwai samfurori na asali guda uku kuma wajibi ne a zabi samfurin daidai bisa ga hadarin.
abin koyi
Ma'ana
Inda ya dace
Mutum a cikin madauki
Mutum ya yarda da kowace shawara
Babban haɗari, yanke shawara mai tasiri
Mutum a kan madauki
AI yana aiki, mutane suna saka idanu kuma suna sa baki idan ya cancanta
Haɗari matsakaici, babban ma'amala mai girma
Mutum mai umarni
Mutum ya tsara tsarin, ya kafa iyakokinsa, zai iya rufe shi
Gabaɗaya matakin mulki
Don yanke shawara da ke tasiri sosai ga mutum (aiki, bashi, kiwon lafiya), an fi son tsarin mutum-in-da-madauki: AI yana ba da shawara, amma ɗan adam mai ƙwarewa ya yanke shawara ta ƙarshe. "AI ya ce haka" ba uzuri ba ne; Alhakin koyaushe yana kan mutum ne.
Hankali: Bai isa ikon sarrafa ɗan adam ya kasance "a kan takarda ba". Idan ɗan adam ya amince da shawarar AI ta atomatik (rubber-stamping), babu wani iko na gaske. Domin tantancewa ya zama mai ma'ana, dole ne mutum ya iya ganin dalilin, tambayar shi, kuma da gaske ya ce "a'a."
Hadarin son zuciya da wariya
Bias shine lokacin da AI ta tsara tsari ta rashin amfani ko fa'ida wasu ƙungiyoyi. Tushensa galibi bayanan horo ne: idan akwai nuna bambanci a cikin bayanan tarihi, AI yana koya kuma yana kiyaye shi - har ma yana daidaita shi.
Matakai masu amfani don rage son zuciya:
- Bita masu sauye-sauye masu mahimmanci: Bincika tasirin filayen kamar jinsi, shekaru, ƙabila akan yanke shawara.
- Sakamakon gwaji ta ƙungiyoyi: Shin tsarin yana samar da ƙima / karɓa daban-daban a cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban?
- Hattara da masu canjin wakilai: Filaye kamar “unguwa” ko “makaranta” na iya nuna bambancin kabilanci/aji a fakaice.
- Kafa sa ido na yau da kullun: Ana gwada son zuciya gabaɗaya, ba sau ɗaya kawai ba; Yana iya dawowa yayin da bayanai ke canzawa.
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Tambarin Rubber. A wani banki, jami'an lamuni sun yarda da maki AI ba tare da yin nazari ba; Suna cewa "tsarin ya riga ya ƙididdige shi". Wani bincike ya nuna cewa a cikin 498 daga cikin 500 gabatarwa, ɗan adam ya yanke shawara daidai da AI - don haka babu wani bita na gaske. Magani: buƙatar mutane su ga dalilin, na biyu-ƙimar shawarar zuwa wani matsayi, kuma suna buƙatar bayanin "me yasa sun yarda/ra'ayin".
Shari'a ta 2 - Son zuciya a fakaice. AI mai daukar ma'aikata yana rage yawan 'yan takarar mata, kodayake baya amfani da jinsi kwata-kwata. Daga ina? Saboda bayanan da suka gabata sun haɗa da galibin maza a cikin matsayi da aka ba su, ƙirar ta koyi nuna bambanci kai tsaye ta hanyar wakilai masu canji kamar "ayyukan da ba a katsewa ba." Gwajin rukuni-rukuni ya bayyana haka; Ƙungiyar tana fitar da masu canji kuma suna sa ido kan sakamakon.
Shari'a ta 3 - Amincewa da gaskiya. A cikin kimanta lalacewa ta AI, kamfanin inshora yana sanar da kowane abokin ciniki cewa "shawarar tana da ikon AI, za su iya ɗaukaka ƙara kuma su nemi sake duba ɗan adam." Adadin ƙin yarda ya yi ƙasa da yadda ake tsammani saboda abokan ciniki sun fahimta kuma sun amince da tsarin. Fassara yana ƙara amincewa yayin rage haɗari.
Bayyana gaskiya da bayyanawa
Bayyana gaskiya game da bayyana wa mutanen da suka dace cewa AI yana aiki da yadda yake aiki. Bayyanawa yana nufin iya bayyana dalilin yanke shawara ta hanyar da za a iya fahimta. Kankare aikace-aikace:
- "Kuna magana da AI" sanarwa akan AI yana hulɗa da mutumin.
- "Wannan shawarar ta dogara ne akan abubuwa masu zuwa" bayani a cikin yanke shawara ta atomatik.
- Bayyana hanyar da za a ɗaukaka da neman bitar ɗan adam.
- Don ƙungiyoyi na ciki: takardun shaida da rikodin abin da samfurin ke yi.
Alamomi: Tambayi shawarar AI "menene manyan abubuwa uku da suka tasiri wannan shawarar?" Gwada shi da tambaya. Idan tsarin ba zai iya fahimtar wannan ba kuma shawarar ta shafi mutumin sosai, tsarin bai riga ya shirya don amfani da alhakin ba.
Son zuciya ta atomatik: tarkon kansa
Ko da an tabbatar da gaskiya da sa ido na ɗan adam, akwai haɗarin haɗari a ɓangaren ɗan adam: son zuciya ta atomatik. Wannan dabi'a ce ga mutane su amince da abin da injin ke fitarwa fiye da yadda suke yanke hukunci. Saboda shirin AI akan allo ya bayyana "manufa da ƙididdigewa," ana jarabtar mutum ya yarda da shi ba tare da tambaya ba - wannan shine tushen tunanin mutum na hatimin roba.
Akwai takamaiman hanyoyin da za a rage wannan. Ƙarfafa ƙin yarda da farko: tambayi mutumin da ya amince da shawarar "Me yasa zan iya rashin yarda da AI?" Ka tambaye shi yayi tunani game da tambayar. Sannan nuna alamar amincewa: nuna yadda ƙarfin AI yake; Alama ƙananan abubuwan amincewa daban. Sannan saita faɗakarwar rikici: Idan shawarar AI ta keta ka'idodin cibiyar ko bayanan da ke akwai ga ɗan adam, tsarin zai haskaka wannan. A ƙarshe, yi amfani da ƙa'idodin ɗan adam guda biyu zuwa yanke shawara mai mahimmanci; Mai yarda guda ɗaya ya fi sauƙi ga son zuciya ta atomatik.
Tsanaki: Faɗin "akwai yardar ɗan adam" baya nufin kasancewa 'yanci daga son zuciya ta atomatik. Dole ne ɗan adam ya sami duka iko, lokaci, da bayanan da suka dace don tambayar AI. Tsarin da ke tilasta mai yarda ya yanke shawara 200 a cikin daƙiƙa 3 ba ya ba da ikon sarrafa ɗan adam na gaske.
Samfura masu kwafi
TEMPLATE 1 - Zaɓin samfurin sarrafa ɗan adam: "Wane tsarin sarrafa ɗan adam ya dace da amfani da AI mai zuwa [bayyana amfani]: a cikin madauki, a kan madauki, ko a cikin umarni? Shawarwari tare da gaskatawa, la'akari da haɗari da tasiri ga mutum. Ƙayyade abin da iko ya kamata in ƙara don kauce wa hadarin hatimin roba. "
TEMPLATE 2 - Shirye-shiryen gwaji na son rai: "Zana tsarin gwaji na [bayyana amfani] don tallafin yanke shawara mai zuwa AI: waɗanne ƙungiyoyi ne zan kwatanta, menene ma'auni ya kamata in auna (ƙididdigar ƙima / karɓa, da dai sauransu), menene sauye-sauyen maye ya kamata in nemi, sau nawa zan sake maimaita gwajin? Rubuta shi mataki-mataki. "
TEMPLATE 3 - Rubutun bayanin yanke shawara: "Rubuta rubutu mai sauƙi don yanke shawara mai sarrafa kansa: ko yanke shawara ya kasance mai ƙarfi AI, mahimman abubuwan da ke tasiri ga yanke shawara, hanyar da za a ɗaukaka da neman bita na ɗan adam. Rashin zargi, sautin girmamawa, kalmomi 120 ko ƙasa da haka."
TEMPLATE 4 - Lissafin bita na ɗabi'a: "Shirya jerin abubuwan dubawa na ɗabi'a kafin buga amfani da AI: adalci / nuna bambanci, nuna gaskiya, ikon ɗan adam, keɓantawa, tsaro, alhaki. Haɗa 1-2 bayyanannun tambayoyi da za a amsa ƙarƙashin kowane jigo."
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
RAUNIYA: "Shin wannan daukar AI gaskiya ne?"-> Samfurin yana ba da amsa gabaɗaya kamar 'ya kamata ya zama gaskiya'; baya bayar da hanyar gwadawa da auna son zuciya. KARFI: "Shirya tsarin gwaji na son zuciya don wannan tallafin daukar ma'aikata AI: hanyar da za a kwatanta ƙimar karɓa a tsakanin jinsi da ƙungiyoyin shekaru, masu canji na wakilci don yin la'akari, ƙimar bambancin da aka yarda da su, da kuma saka idanu akai-akai. Har ila yau, ƙara sarrafawa don tabbatar da cewa ɗan adam ya yanke shawarar ƙarshe. " -> Samfurin yana samar da tsarin gaskiya wanda za'a iya aunawa, mai maimaitawa.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Barin ikon ɗan adam "a kan takarda" da kuma amincewa da shawarar AI ta atomatik (tambarin roba).
- Barin yanke shawara waɗanda ke tasiri ga mutum ba tare da kulawa ba maimakon a cikin madauki.
- Yin la'akari da son zuciya da aka warware kawai saboda "Na share m m"; tsallake wakilai masu canji.
- Gwajin son zuciya sau ɗaya kuma ba sa ido akai-akai.
- Tsallake bayyana gaskiya saboda "daki-daki ne na fasaha, mai amfani ba zai fahimta ba".
- Yin amfani da tsarin da ba zai iya bayyana dalilin yanke shawara a cikin yanke shawara mai mahimmanci ba.
- Barin kimanta da'a har sai bayan bugawa, yana cewa "zamu gani a gaba".
A takaice
- Ana aiwatar da sarrafa ɗan adam a cikin nau'i uku; A cikin yanke shawara da ke shafar mutane, an fi son mutane a cikin sake zagayowar.
- Dole ne sarrafawa ya zama mai ma'ana; Tambarin roba (auto-approve) ba shine ainihin dubawa ba.
- Bias sau da yawa yana fitowa daga bayanan horo; Yakamata a gwada sauye-sauye masu hankali da masu maye da kuma sa ido akai-akai.
- Bayyanawa da bayyanawa suna buƙatar bayyanawa mai amfani a sarari cewa AI tana cikin wasa da dalilin yanke shawara.
- Bita na ɗabi'a yana faruwa kafin bugawa; alhakin koyaushe yana kan ɗan adam, "AI ya ce haka" ba uzuri ba ne.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Zaɓi tsarin yanke shawara na AI wanda ke shafar mutane a cikin ƙungiyar ku (misali, kimanta aikace-aikacen). Ƙayyade samfurin kulawar ɗan adam da ya dace don wannan tsari tare da tabbatarwa da kuma tsara tsarin sarrafawa don hana hatimin roba (misali buƙatun don ganin hujja, nazarin samfurin). Sannan rubuta tsarin gwaji na son zuciya: saka ƙungiyoyin da za ku kwatanta, da wace awo, sau nawa, da waɗanne masu canji na wakili za ku kula. A ƙarshe, rubuta rubutun bayanin yanke shawara wanda za'a nuna wa mutumin yayin wannan tsari kuma ya haɗa da hanyar duban roko/ ɗan adam.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na zaɓi tsarin sarrafa ɗan adam wanda ya dace da tsari.
- [ ] Na ƙera wani siminti wanda zai hana tambarin roba.
- [ ] Na shirya shirin gwajin son zuciya (ƙungiyoyi, awo, mita).
- [ ] Na kimanta haɗarin masu canji.
- [ ] Na rubuta rubutun bayani na yanke shawara ga mutumin.
- [ ] Na gabatar a sarari hanyar roko da nazarin ɗan adam.
- [ ] Na gudanar da bitar ɗabi'a kafin bugawa.