Riba:
- Ƙimar ko amfani da AI yana buƙatar DPIA
- Aiwatar da tsarin DPIA mai matakai bakwai zuwa aikin AI
- Ba da fifikon haɗari tare da matrix tasiri mai yuwuwa da ƙira matakan sassautawa
Wasu amfani da AI suna haifar da haɗari ga ɗaiɗaikun mutane: babban saka idanu, sarrafa bayanai masu mahimmanci, yanke shawara ta atomatik. A cikin irin waɗannan ayyukan, duka KVKK/GDPR da EU AI Law suna tsammanin ingantaccen kimanta haɗarin haɗari kafin fara aiki. Sunan wannan kima shine Ƙididdiga Tasirin Kariya (DPIA). A cikin wannan rukunin za mu koyi yadda za mu faɗa idan amfani yana buƙatar DPIA, yadda ake amfani da tsarin DPIA mai matakai bakwai zuwa aikin AI, da yadda ake ba da fifiko tare da matrix mai yiwuwa-tasiri.
Menene DPIA kuma yaushe ake buƙata?
Ƙididdiga Tasirin Kariyar Bayanai (DPIA) nazari ne da aka tsara wanda ke yin la'akari tun da wuri haɗarin aikin sarrafawa kan haƙƙoƙi da 'yancin ɗan adam tare da ƙayyade matakan ragewa. Mahimmin mahimmanci: Ana yin DPIA a matakin ƙira, kafin fara aiki - ba bayan matsalar ta faru ba.
Yawancin lokaci ana buƙatar DPIA lokacin:
- Amfani da sabuwar fasaha (AI galibi ana haɗa shi).
- Manyan sarrafa bayanan sirri.
- Saka idanu na tsari ko bayanin martaba.
- sarrafa bayanai na musamman.
- Yanke shawara ta atomatik waɗanda ke tasiri ga mutane sosai.
Tukwici: Idan ba ku da tabbas, yi “taron dubawa”: idan biyu ko fiye na biyar na sama suna nan, tsoho don yin DPIA. Farashin yin DPIA yayi ƙasa; Kudin rashin yin haka yana da yawa a cikin wani cin zarafi ɗaya.
Tsarin DPIA mai mataki bakwai
Kuna amfani da DPIA zuwa aikin AI a cikin waɗannan matakai bakwai:
mataki
Me kuke yi?
1. Bayani
Bayyana aiki: menene bayanai, manufa, iyaka, kwarara
2. Larura da daidaito
Shin AI da gaske ya zama dole? Shin akwai wata hanya mafi ƙarancin kutse?
3. Ra'ayin masu ruwa da tsaki
Sami ra'ayin mutane / wakilai masu dacewa
4. Gano haɗarin haɗari
Lissafa yiwuwar lahani ga daidaikun mutane
5. Kima hadarin
Yi maki kowane haɗari ta yuwuwa da tasiri
6. Matakan ragewa
Tsara tsare-tsaren don kowane haɗari, gano ragowar haɗarin
7. Amincewa da bita
Rubuta sakamakon, ƙaddamar da shi don amincewa, sabunta shi lokaci-lokaci
Haɗarin fifiko: matrix mai yiwuwa-tasiri
Kuna kimanta kowane haɗari a cikin nau'i biyu: yuwuwar faruwarsa da tasirin idan ya faru. Haɗin biyu yana ba da fifiko.
<w:tcPr><w:tcW w:type="dxa" w:w="2160"/></w:tcPr><w:p><w:r><w:rPr><w:b/></w:rPr><w:t>Ƙarancin tasiri
matsakaicin tasiri
babban tasiri
babban yiwuwar
matsakaici
babba
m
matsakaicin yiwuwar
ƙananan
matsakaici
babba
ƙananan yuwuwar
ƙananan
ƙananan
matsakaici
Mummunan haɗari da manyan haɗari sune haɗari waɗanda bai kamata a ci gaba da aikin ba tare da yin taka tsantsan ba. Manufar ba shine kawar da kowane haɗari ba; shine don rage kowane haɗari zuwa matakin yarda kuma a sane da karɓar ragowar (saura) haɗarin.
uku mini lokuta
Hali na 1 - An cire DPIA. Sarkar dillali tana aiwatar da tsarin da ke bin halayen abokin ciniki a cikin kantin sayar da AI, ba tare da DPIA ba. Watanni bayan haka, ƙararrakin ya nuna cewa tsarin ya yi ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga (lafiya, tsinkayar ciki). Babu amsar tambayar "me yasa ba ku yi DPIA ba" a cikin binciken. DPIA daga farko zata iya samun wannan haɗarin a matakin ƙira kuma ta sanya aikin lafiya.
Hali na 2 - Aikin da DPIA ta ceto. Ana yin DPIA don tallafawa AI a cikin banki. A lokacin lokacin gano haɗari, haɗarin nuna bambanci tsakanin jinsi saboda bayanan tarihi ya juya ya zama "babban". A matsayin ragewa, ƙungiyar tana cire bayanan jinsi daga samfurin, suna danganta fitarwa zuwa gwajin son zuciya na yau da kullun, kuma yana buƙatar tabbatar da ɗan adam. Yanzu hadarin ya ragu zuwa "matsakaici" kuma aikin ya zama karbabbe. DPIA ta sa aikin ya kasance lafiya maimakon kashe shi.
Case 3 - Gwajin daidaito. Wani kamfani yana so ya duba imel ɗin ma'aikaci don "binciken aminci" tare da AI. A cikin larura/daidaita mataki na DPIA ana samun wannan da wuce gona da iri dangane da manufar; Akwai ƙananan hanyoyin kutsawa. Ba a yarda da aikin ba a cikin sigar da yake yanzu. Gwajin daidaituwa ya bambanta tsakanin "za mu iya" da "dole ne."
Hankali: DPIA ba fom ba ne da aka cika sau ɗaya kuma a ajiye a gefe. Lokacin aiwatar da canje-canje (sabon bayanai, sabon dalili, sabon kayan aiki) dole ne a sabunta DPIA. DPIA da ta mutu ya fi ɓatarwa fiye da babu DPIA kwata-kwata saboda yana ba da tabbaci na ƙarya.
Wanene ke yin DPIA da haɗin gwiwar yin rajista tare da DPIA
Mutum ɗaya ba zai iya cika DPIA a teburin su ba; Madaidaicin DPIA ƙoƙari ne na ƙungiya. Yawanci, jami'in kariya na bayanai yana aiwatar da tsari (Mai aikatawa), mai kula da bin doka yana da alhakin ƙarshe (Asusun biya), sashin kasuwancin da ya dace yana bayanin aiki, kimanta matakan fasaha na IT / tsaro kuma ya tabbatar da tushen doka. Samun ra'ayoyin mutanen da suka dace (mataki na uku) bai kamata a yi watsi da su ba; Koyaya, wannan shine matakin da aka fi tsallakewa a aikace.
Fitowar DPIA baya zama a cikin sarari: an rubuta haɗarin da aka gano a cikin rijistar haɗarin ƙungiyar. Rijistar haɗarin ginshiƙi ne mai raye-raye wanda ke ɗaukar duk buɗaɗɗen kasada, abubuwan fifikonsu, ragi, masu laifi da kwanakin bita na ƙarshe. Ta wannan hanyar, haɗarin aikin AI suna magana da harshe iri ɗaya da tsarin sarrafa haɗarin ƙungiyar gabaɗaya kuma ana kulawa akai-akai.
Wurin yin rajistar haɗari
misali
Ma'anar haɗari
Ra'ayin jinsi a cikin daukar ma'aikata AI
fifiko
babba
Ma'aunin ragewa
Matsakaicin hakar mai canzawa + gwajin son zuciya
Alhaki
Jami'in kare bayanan
bita
kowane wata 3
Tukwici: Kula da DPIA tare da tunanin “labarai da waƙa”, ba tsarin “an yi da manta” ba. Idan an aiwatar da raguwar haɗari, shine ragowar haɗarin a matakin karɓuwa - ba tare da rikodin waɗannan ba, DPIA ta zama takaddar taga.
Samfura masu kwafi
TEMPLATE 1 - DPIA pre-screening: "Shin ana buƙatar DPIA don wannan amfani da AI? [bayyana amfani]. Yi la'akari da abubuwan da ke haifar da abubuwa guda biyar: sabuwar fasaha, aiki mai girma, saka idanu na yau da kullum, bayanai masu mahimmanci, yanke shawara mai mahimmanci na atomatik. Yawancin abubuwan da ke faruwa a can, kuna bada shawarar DPIA, tare da hujja. "
TEMPLATE 2 — Risk identification brainstorming: "List the possible harms to people in this AI project [describe the project]: data leak, discrimination, misjudgment, invasion of privacy, lack of transparency, purpose drift. Write a one-sentence scenario for each harm. Just detect, yet do not counteract."
TEMPLATE 3 - Mahimmancin tasiri mai mahimmanci: "Yi la'akari da haɗari masu zuwa [jerin haɗari] a matsayin yiwuwar (ƙananan / matsakaici / babba) da tasiri (ƙananan / matsakaici / babba); fifiko (ƙananan / matsakaici / babba / mahimmanci) ya bayyana akan kowane jere. Lissafin mahimmanci da babba a saman. Gaba a cikin tsarin tebur."
TEMPLATE 4 - Ƙirar ƙira: "Don haɗarin da ke biyowa [rubuta haɗarin], ba da shawarar aƙalla matakan 3 ragewa (na fasaha, tsari, ƙungiya). Yi la'akari da matakin 'hadari na saura' bayan kowane ma'auni. Idan har yanzu hadarin yana da girma bayan ma'auni, nuna cewa ya kamata a sake tsara aikin. "
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
RAUNI: "Shin wannan aikin AI yana da haɗari?" -> Samfurin yana ba da amsa 'wataƙila' maras tabbas; ba ya rarraba haɗari, ba ya ba da fifiko ga haɗari, ba ya samar da matakan. KARFI: "Gudanar da karamin DPIA don aikin AI mai zuwa: (1) kwatanta aiki, (2) kimanta buƙatar DPIA tare da 5 triggers, (3) list6 yiwu harms ga mutane, (4) score kowane ta hanyar yiwuwar-tasiri, (5) bayar da shawarar ragewa ga m / high hadarin yanke shawara. yarda."-> Samfurin yana samar da daftarin tsari, DPIA mai aiki.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Yin DPIA bayan an fara ciniki (ko ma bayan matsalar ta faru).
- Tsallake sarrafa babban haɗari yana buƙatar DPIA a matsayin "babu babban abu."
- Ba a lissafta hatsarori da fifita su ta yuwuwa da tasiri ba.
- Yin la'akari da DPIA "cikakke" ba tare da samar da matakan kowane haɗari ba.
- Tsallake matakin larura/daidaitacce kuma yana cewa "zamu iya yi, don haka mu yi".
- Cika DPIA sau ɗaya kuma ba sabunta shi lokacin da tsari ya canza ba.
- Amincewa da aikin ba tare da yin cikakken bayani kan ragowar (sauran) haɗarin ba.
A takaice
- DPIA bincike ne da aka tsara wanda ke kimanta tasirin aiki mai haɗari ga mutane kafin a fara shi.
- Ana buƙatar DPIA idan akwai sabuwar fasaha, aiki mai girma, sa ido na tsari, bayanai masu mahimmanci ko yanke shawara mai sarrafa kansa.
- Tsarin ya ƙunshi matakai bakwai: ganewa, larura/daidaitacce, ra'ayin masu ruwa da tsaki, gano haɗari, ƙima, aiki, yarda/bita.
- An ba da fifikon haɗari tare da matrix mai yiwuwa-tasiri; Ba a yarda da haɗari mai mahimmanci / babban haɗari ba tare da taka tsantsan ba.
- DPIA ba ta kashe aikin, yana sa shi lafiya; Daftarin aiki mai rai wanda dole ne a sabunta shi azaman canje-canjen sarrafawa.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Zaɓi wani amfani da AI ƙungiyar ku na iya amfani da shi wanda zai iya zama haɗari mai girma (misali, tallafin daukar ma'aikata, bin ɗabi'a, ko ƙima mai ƙima). Da farko la'akari ko DPIA ya zama dole tare da jawo biyar. Sa'an nan kuma gudanar da ƙaramin DPIA don wannan amfani: kwatanta sarrafawa, jera aƙalla lahani shida ga daidaikun mutane, saka kowanne akan matrix mai yuwuwar tasirin tasiri, da ba da fifiko. Zana matakan ragewa guda uku don haɗari biyu masu mahimmanci da manyan haɗari kuma kimanta ragowar matakin haɗarin bayan ma'aunin. A ƙarshe, lura lokacin da wannan DPIA za ta buƙaci sabuntawa.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na kimanta buƙatun DPIA tare da jawo biyar.
- [ ] Na ayyana aiki (bayanai, manufa, iyaka, kwarara).
- [ ] Na tambayi larura da daidaito.
- [ ] Na jera illolin da za a iya yi wa mutane.
- [ ] Na ba da fifiko ga kasada a cikin matrix mai yiwuwa-tasiri.
- [ ] Na tsara matakan ragewa don haɗari / haɗari mai girma.
- [ ] Yanzu na rubuta haɗarin kuma na saita sharuddan bita.