Bayanan Hakowa, Rijiyoyin Rijiyoyi da Fassarar Petrophysical

Riba:

• Ability don fahimtar ma'anar jiki na rijiyoyin rijiyoyin (gamma, juriya, yawa, neutron, sonic) da ginin su da fassarar su tare da AI.
• Ikon aiwatar da lissafin tallafin AI na adadin petrophysical kamar porosity, jikewar ruwa da ƙarar yumbu da rarrabuwa na farko.
• Ikon tabbatar da fassarori na petrophysical wanda AI ya samar tare da ainihin bayanan, lissafin Archi da iyakoki na zahiri.

Idan aka haƙa rijiya, ba za mu iya gani kai tsaye a ƙasan ƙasa ba; Maimakon haka, muna samun gundumomi masu kyau. Littafin rijiyar rijiyar rijiyar ce mai ci gaba da auna abubuwan da aka auna da zurfin rijiyar. An saukar da wani kayan aiki (kayan aikin log) cikin rijiyar kuma, yayin da aka ja shi, yana auna aikin rediyo, juriya na lantarki, yawa, da ƙari na dutsen da ke kewaye. Petrophysics kimiyyar kimiyya ce ta fitar da kaddarorin dutsen da ruwan da ke cikinsa (rabo nawa ne, akwai ruwa ko mai a cikin ramukan, ruwa zai iya gudana) ta hanyar karanta wadannan katako. A cikin wannan rukunin, muna amfani da AI a wurare biyu masu ƙarfi a cikin petrophysics: tsara bayanan log ɗin da aka tarwatsa da samar da sauri, sifofi da za'a iya tantancewa don fassarar petrophysical. Dokar da ba ta canzawa: log ɗin ma'auni ne kai tsaye, ainihin yana faɗi gaskiya, injiniyan ya tabbatar da fassarar.

Mu Sani Basic Logs

Kowane log yana da adadin jiki wanda yake aunawa da abin da yake cewa:

• Gamma ray (GR): Halitta aikin rediyo na dutse. Clay da shale suna ba da ƙima mai girma, yashi mai tsabta da dutsen farar ƙasa suna ba da ƙima kaɗan. Yana da tushen yumbu girma (Vshale) kimanta.
• Resistivity: Juriya na dutse zuwa wutar lantarki. Ruwa yana gudanar da wutar lantarki (ƙananan juriya), mai / gas ba ya yin (babban juriya). Saboda haka juriya shine babban ma'anar kasancewar hydrocarbons.
• Density (RHOB): Girman yawa na dutse. Ana amfani dashi a cikin lissafin porosity; Yayin da sarari ke ƙaruwa, yawa yana raguwa.
• Neutron (NPHI): Mai hankali ga adadin hydrogen a cikin dutsen; Yana da alamar porosity domin yana dauke da ruwa da hydrogencarbon hydrogen. Yana bayyana yankunan iskar gas tare da yawa ("neutron-density crossover").
• Sonic (DT): Lokacin da ake ɗaukar igiyar sauti don tafiya ta cikin dutsen. Yana ba da bayani game da porosity da ƙarfin dutse.

Tukwici: Ba a taɓa fassara gungu guda ɗaya a keɓe. A cikin petrophysics, iko yana cikin karanta rajistan ayyukan tare: yumɓu gamma, ruwa mai ƙarfi, density-neutron porosity da gas an kwatanta su tare.

Ana saita bayanan Log

Bayanan shiga galibi yana zuwa a cikin fayilolin LAS (Log ASCII Standard); amma sunaye masu lankwasa (RHOB ko DEN?), raka'a (API ko gr/cc), da zurfin nassoshi sun bambanta daga shafi zuwa shafi. AI yana da ƙarfi sosai wajen daidaita wannan rikici.

Ka'ida mai mahimmanci: nemi canji, ba tunani ba. Samfurin ya kamata ya dace da lanƙwan da aka rubuta a sarari a cikin fayil zuwa daidaitaccen sunan, kuma ba "zato" ba kuma ya samar da lanƙwan da babu shi. Idan akwai gunkin da ya ɓace, ya kamata a rubuta shi a matsayin "babu" kuma kada a yi shi.

Mataki-mataki: shigar da sharhin aikin aiki

1. Fitar da madaidaicin kaya. Wadanne gundumomi ne, wadanda suka bace, menene raka'a? Kuna da kayan aikin tabulate AI, kun tabbatar.
2. Yi kula da inganci. A cikin yankuna masu girman diamita na rami (caliper), log ɗin density yana gurbata; Alama waɗannan yankuna. AI na iya bincika abubuwan da ba za a iya gani ba / ƙimar da ba za ta yiwu ba (mara kyau porosity, juriya mara iyaka).
3. Yi lissafin ƙarar yumbu. Vshale daga gamma log; Kuna ƙayyade ma'anar layin layi mai tsabta da yumbu.
4. Yi lissafin porosity. Daga yawa da/ko log ɗin neutron, matrix da yawan ruwa zuwa ƙimar gida.
5. Yi lissafin jikewar ruwa. Tare da lissafin Archi; sa'an nan jikewar hydrocarbon = 1 - Sw.
6. Haɗa tare da ainihin. Idan akwai core porosity/permeability a zurfin iri ɗaya, daidaita lissafin tare da wannan.

Ma'auni na Taskar Tarihi: Tabbatar da Anga

A tsakiyar petrophysics yana tsaye da lissafin Archi. Yana haɗawa kawai ta jiki cewa jikewar ruwa yana raguwa yayin da juriya na dutsen ya karu (ruwa yana raguwa kuma hydrocarbon yana ƙaruwa). Abubuwan da ke cikin ma'auni sune porosity, samar da juriya na ruwa, da juriya a auna; Fitowarsa shine saturation na ruwa Sw.

Lokacin da AI ta ba da shawarar ƙimar Sw, kar a yarda da ita a makance: sanya abubuwan shiga cikin ma'auni na Archi kuma samar da su da hannu. Sakamakon dole ne ya kasance tsakanin 0-1; Ƙididdigar gida (a, m, n) dole ne su kasance cikin kewayon da ya dace; dole ne a daidaita shi ta asali. Wannan shine ainihin misali na yadda ake tabbatar da fitowar mara aminci-mahimmanci amma mai mahimmancin tattalin arziki.

Tsanaki: Ma'auni na baka ba ya aiki kamar yadda yake a cikin nau'in yumbu / shale; Clay yana kawo ƙarin aiki mai ƙarfi, yin jikewar ruwa sama da yadda yake a zahiri. A cikin yankuna na yumbu, ana buƙatar ƙirar da aka gyara yumbu kamar Simandux ko Waxman-Smits. Idan AI ya ce "Archi tare da Sw = 0.3", tabbatar da tambaya ko samuwar yumbu ne.

Karamin Harkoki guda uku: Ta Lambobi

Case 1 - Caliper tarko. A cikin rijiya daya, samfurin ya nuna alamar 2,310-2,325 m a matsayin "tafki mai kyau" tare da babban porosity (32%). Masanin ilimin petrophysicist ya dubi gunkin caliper: a cikin wannan tazara rami ya rushe, diamita ya fadada; Don haka log ɗin yana ba da ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙima (high porosity na ƙarya). Core porosity ya kasance 14%. AI ya ɓata bayanan da aka lalata don gaske; Ikon Caliper ya warware tarkon.

Case na 2 - Daidaitaccen kama yankin gas. A cikin rijiyoyi guda biyu masu kusa, AI ta ba da shawarar yankin gas daga tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin neutron (ƙananan neutron, ƙarancin ƙarfi mai girma - tasirin iskar gas). Lokacin da injiniyan ya danganta hakan da gwajin samar da kayayyaki, an tabbatar da cewa lallai yankin yana samar da iskar gas. Anan AI ya nuna daidai sa hannun jiki kuma an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar gwaji mai kyau.

Case 3 - Ƙarfafa hydrocarbon a cikin yankin clayey. Samfurin da aka sanya Sw = 0.25 (watau 75% hydrocarbon) zuwa yanki mai lebur Archi. Littafin gamma ya nuna cewa wannan yanki na yumbu ne; yumbu yakamata ya saukar da juriya kuma a zahiri ya ƙara Sw. Tare da gyaran Simandux, Sw = 0.55; Yankin ya yi ruwa sosai fiye da yadda ake tsammani kuma yana da ƙarancin darajar kasuwanci. Karɓar makafi na iya haifar da kura-kurai na saka hannun jari.

Rauni Mai Sauƙi / Ƙarfi Mai ƙarfi

Rawanin faɗakarwa:

Yi lissafin porosity da jikewar ruwa daga wannan log ɗin.[Login data]

Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:

Ƙirƙirar fassarar fassarar petrophysical DRAFT daga waɗannan bayanan log ɗin (wanda ba a san su ba). Dokoki:- Da farko jera abubuwan da ke cikin lankwasa da kuma bacewar/sembun rajistan ayyukan. Alama yankuna tare da fadada caliper a matsayin "mai yawan tambaya". - Lissafin Vshale daga log ɗin gamma; Sami nassoshi mai tsabta/laka ta tambaya. - Lissafin porosity tare da yawa-neutron; KYAUTA rubuta matrix da ra'ayoyin yawan ruwa.- Yi lissafin jikewar ruwa tare da Archi; Idan Vshale yana da girma, ba da shawarar Simandux kuma rubuta dalili. Ƙayyade ƙididdiga a, m, n, idan ana hasashen. - Duba kowane sakamako tare da iyakar jiki (0<= Sw<= 1, 0<= porosity=0.4). - Alama matakan da ke buƙatar daidaitawa tare da ainihin. Kar a gabatar da kowane sakamako a matsayin "tabbataccen".Bayani: [Login data]

Samfura guda huɗu masu Kwafi

1) Ƙirar ƙira da QC:

Taswirar wannan jeri na LAS masu lankwasa zuwa daidaitattun sunaye (GR, RESD, RHOB, NPHI, DT, CALI). Rubuta "babu" ga waɗanda suka ɓace, kada ku gyara su. Idan akwai rashin daidaituwa na raka'a da ƙimar da ba za ta yiwu ba (mara kyau porosity, juriya mai yawa) ba da "jere | matsala | shawara" tebur. Jerin: [curve/data]

2) Vshale daftarin asusun:

Yi lissafin Vshale daga log ɗin gamma. Ka tambaye ni tsaftataccen layin (GRmin) da layin yumbu (GRmax), kar a ɗauka. Ba da hanyoyin layi da marasa layi (Larionov) daban kuma bayyana bambanci. Bayanai: [GR]

3) Cikewar ruwa da zaɓin samfurin:

Yi lissafin jikewar ruwa tare da porosity, resistivity da Vshale a ƙasa. Tabbatar da ko Archi ko Simandux sun dace bisa ga madaidaicin Vshale. Rubuta zato a, m, n. Duba sakamakon tare da iyaka 0-1. Bayanai: [daraja]

4) Ikon daidaita ma'auni:

A ƙasa akwai porosity da aka samu log da core porosity a zurfin iri ɗaya. Takaita tsarin son zuciya da watsawa; Ba da shawarwari don daidaita fassarar log ɗin. Alama matsananci outliers don ingancin bayanai.Data: [log vs core]

Log Comment Ingancin Matsayin Matsayi

shaida

kai tsaye

me yake cewa

Amfani

Core (core)

mafi kai tsaye

Gaskiya porosity/permeability

Calibration, yanki mai mahimmanci

Gwaji mai kyau (yawan matsa lamba)

kai tsaye

Gaskiya kwarara, permeability

Tabbatar da yawan aiki

Log (yawanci, juriya...)

kaikaice

Bayanan martaba na ci gaba

Babban sharhi, cike abin da ba komai

AI tsinkaya

samu

Hasashe, nunawa

shaci, marking

Kuskuren gama gari

• Ketare caliper/ ingancin bayanai. Kuskure da gurbatattun yawa a cikin rusassun ramuka a matsayin ainihin porosity.
• Sharhi guda ɗaya. Kallon porosity kawai da sakaci da mahallin resistivity da gamma.
• Madaidaicin Archi a cikin yankin clayey. Matsakaicin yawan adadin hydrocarbon ba tare da gyaran yumbu ba.
• Ba calibrating da core. Matsar da bayanin log ɗin zuwa sa hannu ba tare da haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa ma'aunin ba.
• Boye ma'auni. Gabatar da sakamako ba tare da rubuta a, m, n da matrix/ruwa zato ba.

A takaice

• To gundumomi ma'aunai ne kai tsaye; ana karantawa tare kuma ana daidaita su ta asali.
• AI yana da ƙarfi wajen tsara bayanan log da tsara fassarar petrophysical; amma yana buƙatar canji, ba ƙira / ƙira ba.
• Ma'auni na Archi shine anka tabbatarwa ta zahiri don jikewar ruwa; Ana buƙatar samfuran gyare-gyaren yumbu a cikin yankuna na yumbu.
• Caliper da sarrafa ingancin bayanai suna hana tarko mara kyau.
• Gwajin mahimmanci da rijiyoyin suna a saman matakin shaida; A ƙasa, tsinkayar AI kadai bai isa ba.

Aikin aikace-aikace

Zaɓi tazarar mita 20-30 daga saitin log ɗin (wakili) na rijiya. Ƙirƙirar ƙira mai lanƙwasa, Vshale, porosity da daftarin jikewar ruwa tare da saƙo mai ƙarfi. Sa'an nan: (1) duba idan akwai wani yanki tare da fadada caliper, (2) da hannu samar da sakamakon Sw ta hanyar saka bayanai a cikin lissafin Archi, (3) tattauna ko ana buƙatar Simandux idan ɗaya daga cikin yankunan shine clayey. Tambayi tunanin ƙirar (misali matrix density) aƙalla maki ɗaya.

jerin abubuwan dubawa

• [ ] Na san ma'anar jiki da karatu tare na asali rajistan ayyukan (GR, juriya, yawa, neutron, sonic).
• [ ] Ina son canji yayin da ake tsara bayanan log ɗin, ban gyara gunkin da ya ɓace ba.
• [] Ina sarrafa porosity da jikewar ruwa tare da iyakoki na zahiri da Archi/Simandoux.
• [ ] Na yi alama caliper/matsayin ingancin bayanai (ramin lalacewa).
• [ ] Ina daidaitawa da tabbatar da fassarar log ɗin tare da ainihin gwaji da gwaji.