Riba:
- Ƙarfin fahimtar yadda saurin, datsa, yanayi, nauyin injina da ƙuntataccen hayaki ke ƙayyade yawan man fetur da kuma samar da tsinkaya dangane da ainihin aikin jirgin tare da basirar wucin gadi.
- Ikon amfani da canje-canjen datsa da saurin gudu tare da amincewar ɗan adam a cikin kwanciyar hankali, lafiyar injin da hani-hallace-kasuwanci (charter, taga tashar jiragen ruwa)
- Ƙarfin fahimtar cewa ƙididdiga masu fitarwa kamar CII da EEXI ana samar da su ta hanyar da aka amince da ita ta hanyar hukuma, cewa ƙididdige bayanan sirri na wucin gadi ba ya maye gurbin rahoton hukuma kuma yana ɗauke da haɗarin hasashe.
Man fetur galibi shine abu mafi girma a cikin farashin aikin jirgin kuma shine tushen fitar da iskar carbon. A yau, jirgin dole ne ya sarrafa man fetur dinsa ba kawai don ya zama "tattalin arziki" ba har ma saboda dokokin kasa da kasa (ka'idojin fitar da hayaki na IMO). Ingantaccen man fetur shine tabbatar da cewa jirgin yana ɗaukar wani kaya, a ƙarƙashin wani yanayi da kuma hanya, tare da mafi ƙarancin adadin man fetur, daidai da ƙa'idodi da lokaci. AI yana da ƙarfi a cikin ƙididdiga masu yawa na wannan ma'auni; amma mutane sun kafa iyakokin ingantawa (tsaro, kwangila, lafiyar injin).
A cikin wannan rukunin, zaku koyi yadda ake haɓaka saurin gudu, datsa, iska, nauyin injina da ƙayyadaddun iska tare; Za ku koyi inda AI ke lissafin kuma ya bar yarda ga mutane.
Sauye-sauye da ke ƙayyade yawan man fetur
Abubuwan da ke biyo baya galibi suna ƙayyade man jirgin ruwa:
- Gudu. Juriya yana ƙaruwa kusan cubic tare da sauri; Ma'ana, rage gudun dan kadan (Slowing steaming) yana rage yawan amfani da mai ba daidai ba. Amma raguwa da yawa yana lalata ETA kuma wani lokacin lafiyar injin.
- Gyara Gyara shine bambancin da ke tsakanin gaba da baya na jirgin, wato, daidaita ma'auni na tsayi. Daidaitaccen datsa yana rage juriya; Gyaran da ba daidai ba yana lalata mai. Mafi kyawun datsa ya bambanta tare da kaya da sauri.
- Draft kuma tafi. Da ƙarin lodi, da ƙarin juriya.
- Iska da teku. Kai yana ƙara ƙarfin igiyar ruwa da juriya (ƙara juriya).
- Hull da propeller yanayin. Jirgin ruwa da ya lalace ko lalataccen farfela yana ƙara juriya.
- Ingantacciyar injin. Wurin aiki na injin, matsayin turbocharger, ingancin man fetur.
AI yana tsara alaƙar waɗannan masu canji tare da bayanan tarihi (rahoton tsakar rana - rahoton balaguron balaguro na yau da kullun / rahoton amfani, bayanan firikwensin) kuma ya ce "wannan shine abin da ake tsammanin amfani da shi a wannan saurin, a cikin wannan datsa, a cikin wannan yanayin". Wannan hasashe ne; Ana aiwatar da shi ta la'akari da ainihin halayen injin da matsalolin tsaro.
Tukwici: Tabbatar da yin la'akari da ainihin yanayin aikin jirgin (gwajin teku da bayanan sabis) lokacin yin hasashen amfani da AI. Ƙimar da aka samar ta hanyar ɗaukan "samfurin jirgin ruwa" gabaɗaya na iya zama a kashe da kashi 10-20% akan jirgin ku.
Ka'idojin fitarwa da inganci: yanki don tabbatarwa
Dokokin fitarwa a cikin teku na fasaha ne kuma ana sabunta su akai-akai. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su akai-akai:
- CII (Mai Nuna Ƙarfin Carbon): ƙimar shekara-shekara na iskar carbon ɗin jirgin a kowane aikin da ake ɗauka kuma an ƙididdige shi da darajar harafi (A-E). Mummunan kima na iya haifar da ƙuntatawa na kasuwanci.
- EEXI (Index ɗin Jirgin Ruwa na Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa): yana auna ingancin ƙirar jirgin.
- MRV/DCS (tsarin tabbatar da rahoton-bayyano-bayyani): rahoton hukuma na amfani da mai da bayanan fitar da hayaki.
- SEEMP (Tsarin Gudanar da Inganta Makamashi na Jirgin ruwa): tsarin dole wanda ke bayyana matakan ingancin jirgin.
AI na iya bayyana waɗannan ra'ayoyin kuma ya samar da daftarin asusun; amma abubuwan da aka fitar na hukuma kamar darajar CII, rahoton MRV da sauransu ana samar da su tare da ingantattun bayanai da kuma hanyar da aka amince da su. Wani adadi na CII wanda AI ya samar shine kawai ƙididdigewa na farko; Ba rahoto ba ne na hukuma kuma yana ɗauke da haɗarin hasashe.
Hankali: Ƙididdiga masu ƙima da hanyoyin ƙididdiga na ƙa'idodin fitarwa sun bambanta daga shekara zuwa shekara. Tabbatar tabbatar da kowace ƙididdiga ko dabara da YZ ta bayar tare da na yau da kullun na hukuma IMO/jihar tuta/jikin aji. Sanarwar CII da ba daidai ba tana da sakamakon shari'a.
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Tattaunawa tare da daidaitawa. Mai tanki yana datsa 0.5 m kai-ƙasa zuwa tsaka tsaki a wani nauyin da aka ba shi, bisa shawarar AI daga bayanan rahoton tsakar rana. Babban injiniya da jami'in farko suna aiwatar da canji a cikin iyakoki masu aminci (ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali da nutsewar farfasa); amfani da aka auna ya ragu da kashi 3%. Mahimman tanadi a kowace shekara. AI ta ba da shawarar; Ƙungiyar ta tabbatar da daidaito da aminci.
Case 2 - Rikicin kwangila tare da rage saurin gudu. YZ ya ce, "Rage gudun da kulli 1, ajiye mai mai yawa." Amma jirgin yana ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan sadaukarwar gudu a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar haya; Jinkirin zai zama sabawa kwangila. Kyaftin din ya ki amincewa da shawarwarin saboda ya san iyakokin kasuwanci. Darasi: ingantaccen man fetur dole ne ya haɗa da takunkumin kasuwanci da na doka.
Case 3 - Hasashen CII ba daidai ba. Wani jami'in yana da AI yana lissafin CII na shekara; AI yana amfani da tsohuwar ƙididdiga kuma yana nuna jirgin a cikin mafi kyawun matsayi fiye da yadda yake a zahiri. Lokacin da ƙwararren ƙwararren kamfani ya sake ƙididdigewa ta amfani da hanyar da ake amfani da ita a halin yanzu, yana ganin cewa maki ya ragu da mataki ɗaya. Idan aka ba da rahoton da ba daidai ba, za a sami matsaloli a cikin binciken. An yi lissafin hukuma ta amfani da hanyar da aka yarda.
Samfura huɗu masu kwafi
1) Ma'auni na sauri-man fetur-ETA:
Matsayinku: mai ba da shawara kan ingancin makamashi. An haɗa lanƙwan aikin jirgin ruwa (gudun amfani). Aiki: Kwatanta kiyasin jimlar man fetur da lokacin isowa na 12, 12.5 da 13 knots. Ƙuntatawa: Tagar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa [kwanaki/lokaci], mafi ƙarancin gudu [x] kulli. Rubuta wane zato da kuke amfani da shi akan kowane layi; Zan yi injin tabbatar da lafiya da aminci.
2) Tsarin datsa tsari:
Zan ba ku bayanan datsa / abubuwan amfani na tarihi dangane da kaya da sauri. Daga wannan bayanan, bayar da shawarar kewayon datsa wanda ke rage yawan amfani don nauyin nauyin [x] na yanzu da kullin gudu [y]. GARGADI: Zan sarrafa kwanciyar hankali, turawa da iyakoki; Kuna ba da shawara ta tushen bayanai kawai da tazarar rashin tabbas.
3) Matakan aikin kwakwalwa:
Jirgin ruwa na [nau'in, shekaru, layi]. Lissafa matakan da suka dace don rage mai / hayaki (tsaftace hull, propeller, datsa, saurin, tsara layin, dawo da zafi). Ga kowane ma'auni, rubuta ƙididdiga matakin tasiri da tabbaci/tabbatar da ake buƙata. Yi alama idan ba su da tabbas.
4) Bayanin ra'ayi na CII / fitarwa (ba lissafi):
Kawai bayyana ra'ayoyin CII, EEXI da SEEMP ga jami'in a cikin layin 8: abin da yake aunawa, abin da ya shafi, daga wane tushe na hukuma ya kamata a ɗauka darajar yanzu. BA DA ƙofa na lamba; Komawa zuwa "tabbatar daga tushen IMO/aji na yanzu".
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rawanin faɗakarwa:
Ta yaya zan ajiye man fetur?
Babu jiragen ruwa, babu kaya, babu iska, babu kwangiloli; Amsar gabaɗaya kuma mara amfani ta zo.
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:
Matsayinku: mashawarcin ingancin makamashi na jirgin ruwa. Jirgin ruwa: 50,000 DWT jigilar kaya, mai shekaru 8, sabis 13 knots. An haɗa lanƙwan aiki da rahoton ƙarshe na 30 na rana. Aiki: shawara da sauri da datsa don rage man fetur a kan wannan tafiya (nauyin yanzu 42,000 t, kudin jirgi); Rubuta kiyasin tanadi da tasirin ETA na kowane shawarwari. Ƙuntatawa: min 12knots, tagar tashar jiragen ruwa 18 Afrilu. Lafiyar injin, kwanciyar hankali da asusun hukuma na CII suna cikin tabbaci na; Kuna alamar rashin tabbas.
Bayanan jigilar kaya, takurawa da iyakar tabbatarwa sun sa fitar da gaske mai yiwuwa ne.
Shawarar ingantawa: wanda ya kafa iyaka
Mai canzawa
Shawarar AI
Ƙuntataccen ɗan adam / yarda
gudun
Lissafin man fetur/ETA
Yarjejeniya min gudun, tsaro
Gyara
Kewayon sarrafa bayanai
Kwanciyar hankali, nutsewar propeller
hanya / yanayi
Ƙimar juriya ta ƙara
tsaron teku
Kula da jirgin ruwa/propeller
Ƙimar tasiri
Tabbatar da Pool/ nutse
CII / fitarwa
Concept + Hasashen
Tabbatar da asusun hukuma
injin kaya
Bayar da shawarar
Babban injiniyan iyaka
Kuskuren gama gari
- Yin tsinkaya tare da samfurin jirgin gaba ɗaya. Idan ba ka samar da naka aikin lanƙwasa ba, ƙididdigar za ta kasance da gaske.
- Mantawa da ƙuntatawa na kasuwanci / doka. Matsakaicin saurin ƙa'ida zai iya haifar da cin zarafin "tattalin arziki" idan ba a ba da taga tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ba.
- Kuskure adadi na CII/haɓaka hayaki na hukuma. Wannan hasashe ne; Ana samar da rahoton hukuma ta hanyar amfani da ingantaccen tsari.
- Canza datsa ba tare da iyakokin aminci ba. Gyara baya canzawa ba tare da duba kwanciyar hankali ba, tsinkewa da nutsewar farfela.
- Amfani da tsohon coefficient/formula. Ana sabunta matakan fitarwa; Ana buƙatar tabbaci tare da tushen hukuma na yanzu.
a takaice
Haɓaka man fetur shine ma'auni daban-daban na saurin gudu, datsa, iska, injuna da ƙuntatawar hayaki. A cikin wannan ma'auni, AI yana samar da tsinkaya mai sauri da al'amura; amma kimomi dole ne su dogara ne akan ainihin yanayin aikin jirgin, tilas ne a yi la'akari da ƙayyadaddun shari'a na kasuwanci (charter, taga tashar jiragen ruwa) kuma dole ne a tabbatar da ƙididdiga masu fitarwa ta hanyar hukuma da aka amince. Ana amfani da sauye-sauyen gyara da sauri a cikin iyakokin kwanciyar hankali, lafiyar injin da aminci, kuma tare da amincewar ɗan adam.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Bayyana jirgin ruwa da tafiya. Kwatanta gudu uku tare da samfurin "saurin-fuel-ETA balance"; Tabbatar ba da mafi ƙarancin gudu da tagar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa. Sannan gwada zaɓin da ya fi dacewa da jerin "tabbatar da tsaro / kasuwanci": kwanciyar hankali, lafiyar injin, kwangila, da tasirin CII.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na dogara da kimantawa akan ainihin yanayin aikin jirgin.
- [ ] Na ƙara hani na kasuwanci da na doka (charter, tashar tashar jiragen ruwa) zuwa ingantawa.
- [ ] Na kiyaye datsa / saurin canjin a cikin iyakokin kwanciyar hankali da amincin injin.
- [ ] Na tabbatar da alkaluman fitarwa/CII tare da hanyar hukuma da aka amince da ita, ban yi tunanin kimanta AI rahoto ba ne.
- [ ] Na tabbatar da ƙofofin watsar da ƙididdiga daga tushen hukuma na yanzu.