Uru:
- Ikike iji AI hazie nkedo, ịgbado ọkụ na mgbakwunye ihe nrụpụta na AI wee nyochaa ihe egwu dị na ntụpọ n'ihu.
- Ikike iji kwadebe mmepụta dị ka WPS/PQR draft, ihe nkedo feeder imewe na windo nhazi site na nkwado AI
- Ikike ịkwado ndụmọdụ usoro AI site na ọkọlọtọ, ịme anwansị na nkwado nnwale
Otú e si emepụta akụkụ ígwè dị nnọọ mkpa dị ka ihe e ji emepụta ya. Nkedo na-akpụzi site n'imeju ọla a wụrụ awụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe akpụzi na ime ka ọ sie ike; ịgbado ọkụ, ijikọta akụkụ abụọ metal site na okpomọkụ na / ma ọ bụ nrụgide; Mgbakwunye mmepụta (AM ma ọ bụ 3D metal obibi akwụkwọ) bụ usoro nke ewu akụkụ site na-agbaze ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ waya oyi akwa site oyi akwa. All atọ nwere a nkịtị eziokwu: usoro parameters (okpomọkụ, ọsọ, okpomọkụ ntinye, jụrụ) ozugbo ikpebi ntụpọ guzobe na n'ibu Njirimara. AI na-eme ngwa ngwa guzobe windo usoro, na-ebu ụzọ nyochaa ihe ize ndụ nke ntụpọ, na idepụta akwụkwọ dị ka WPS / nkedo imewe. Ma physics nke solidification na okpomọkụ eruba bụ mgbagwoju; Atụmatụ oke ọ bụla enweghị ike ịbanye na mmepụta na-enwetaghị nkwenye site na ịme anwansị, nnwale na nnwale na-adịghị emebi emebi.
Asụsụ nkịtị nke usoro atọ: windo usoro na ntụpọ
Window usoro bụ oke nke paramita nke na-enye ogo a na-anabata; Nrụrụ ahụ na-apụta mgbe ị na-apụ na mpụga windo. Usoro ọ bụla nwere ntụpọ ahụkarị:
- Nkedo: Porosity (gas ma ọ bụ oghere mbelata), ndọkasị na-ekpo ọkụ, mmechi oyi, nsonye, microshrinkage. Nhazi Feeder/ riser dị oke mkpa maka inye mmiri mmiri na igwe ka ọ na-agbakọ ka ọ na-esiwanye ike.
- Weld: Porosity, ezughị ezu penetration (enweghị penetration), undercut, mgbape (oyi / na-ekpo ọkụ), HAZ (Okpomọkụ emetụta mpaghara: ebe gburugburu weld nke microstructure na-agbanwe n'ihi okpomọkụ) hardening. Ntinye ọkụ na-ekpebi njirimara nke mpaghara a.
- N'ichepụta ihe mgbakwunye: Enweghị ngwakọta, porosity fọdụrụnụ, nrụgide fọdụrụ na mgbagha, anisotropy (ihe ndị dabere na ntuziaka). Ike Laser, ọsọ nyocha na ọkpụrụkpụ oyi akwa na-ekpebi njupụta ike.
AI siri ike na-akọwa n'usoro nke oke na-ebute ntụpọ na-atụ aro windo mbụ. Ma ezigbo windo; kpọmkwem maka igwe, ntụ ntụ / waya batch na geometry.
Akpachara anya: Nnabata nke weld ma ọ bụ mkpofu nchekwa dị oke mkpa anaghị enye ntụnye oke AI. A kwadoro WPS site na ule ntozu usoro (PQR) chọrọ site na ọkọlọtọ (dịka ASME IX, ISO 15614); A na-anabata nnabata ikpeazụ site na nkwado nke injinia ịgbado ọkụ / nkedo ikike na nyocha.
Nzọụkwụ site nzọụkwụ: Ntọlite paramita usoro na-akwado AI
- Kọwaa usoro na ihe onwunwe: Ihe nkedo alloy / base metal + filler / AM powder, ọkpụrụkpụ, geometry.
- Nye ihe mgbaru ọsọ na mgbochi: njirisi nnabata (klaasị adịghị mma), ebumnuche ọrụ, oge okirikiri.
- Rịọ windo mmalite: Rịọ AI maka oke oke ya na ụdị ntụpọ ọ bụla na-emetụta.
- Depụta ihe egwu: Kedu ntụpọ pụtara na paramita ndị a? Kedu ka esi egbochi?
- Simulate/gbalị: Simulation siri ike maka nkedo/AM (dịka MAGMA, Simufact), coupon nnwale maka ịgbado ọkụ.
- Nyochaa site na nyocha: NDT (radiography, ultrasonic), macrosection, nyocha igwe; nabatara dị ka ọkọlọtọ.
Usoro ntụnyere na ntụpọ-parameter mmekọrịta
usoro
Oke dị egwu
isi ntụpọ
Usoro nkwenye
Ọrụ AI
Nkedo aja/anwụ anwụ
Okpomọkụ nkedo, feeder
Mbelata porosity
Radiography, nnukwu ngalaba
Akwụkwọ nri / windo
arc ịgbado ọkụ
Ntinye ọkụ, na-ebu ụzọ kpoo ọkụ
HAZ mgbape, pore
RT/UT, nnukwu, ike
Akwụkwọ WPS, ndepụta ihe egwu
Ihe ndina ntụ ntụ AM (L-PBF)
Ike Laser, ọsọ nyocha
Agbaze ezughị oke, porosity
CT, njupụta, microstructure
Window njupụta ike
A na-agbakọ ntinye ọkụ dị ka (voltaji × ugbu a / ọsọ ịgbado ọkụ) na weld na-ekpebi obosara HAZ, ọnụego jụrụ oyi, ya mere ike siri ike na mgbawa ihe ize ndụ. AI na-akọwa mmekọrịta a ma gosipụta uru mmalite; PQR kwadoro ọnụ ahịa ya.
Obere ikpe atọ
Ikpe 1 - Nri erughi eru. Ebe a na-ahụ maka ebe a na-emepụta ihe na-ahụta porosity mbelata nke ime n'ime akụkụ ọla kọpa buru ibu. Ha na-akọwa geometry na alloy na AI ma jụọ maka ihe nwere ike ime; AI na-atụ aro na onye na-enye nri nwere ike ezughị ezu iji zụọ mpaghara mpaghara siri ike nke ikpeazụ, yana na ha na-enyocha ụkpụrụ "directional solidification" na nha / ebe feeder. Ndị otu ahụ na-eme ịme anwansị siri ike, na-ahụ na ebe dị ọkụ dị anya site na onye na-enye nri, na-ebuwanye ibu ma na-edozi onye na-enye nri; Na redio, porosity na-ebelata site na 4% ruo 0.5%. AI nyere hypothesis, simulation na NDT kwadoro.
Ikpe 2 - High hardness HAZ crack. Otu mgbakọ na-agbakọta ígwè dị elu nke carbon na-enweghị ikpo ọkụ; Mgbawa oyi na-eme na HAZ. Mgbe ha na-ajụ AI banyere ọnọdụ ahụ, ọ na-akọwa na nnukwu carbon carbon (CE: ọnụ ahịa jikọtara ọnụ na-egosi ọdịdị nke alloy na-agbawa) na-emepụta HAZ siri ike ma na-agbaji, na ikpo ọkụ na ikpo ọkụ na-achịkwa ga-ebelata ikuku hydrogen. Ndị otu ahụ na-agbakọ CE, chọpụta ọnọdụ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị, wee nwalee ya na coupon wee chọpụta ya site na ike na macrosection. AI nyere usoro na ntụziaka, nnwale nyere ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ.
Ikpe 3 — AM ike njupụta window. Otu AM na-ahụ pores ezughị oke na akụkụ titanium. Ọ na-arịọ AI maka windo njupụta ike nke gụnyere ike laser, ọsọ nyocha na anya oghere, yana mmetụta nke oke ọ bụla na ụdị pore. AI na-akọwa na oke ike dị ala ga-emepụta mgbaze na-ezughị ezu, oke dị elu ga-emepụta oghere igodo, ma na-atụ aro mmalite mmalite. Ndị otu ahụ na-ebipụta kupọn ịsa nke oke, tụọ njupụta na microstructure, wee jiri CT kwado windo kacha mma. AI mechiri windo ahụ, mee ka nnwale ahụ bụrụ nke ziri ezi.
Ndebiri ozugbo enwere ike iṅomi
Usoro Window TEMPLATE "Ọrụ: [nkedo / ịgbado ọkụ / AM] ị bụ usoro nnyemaaka. Ihe: [...]. Geometry / ọkpụrụkpụ: [...] nkwa."
DEFECT ROOT CAUSE TEMPLATE"The following defect reoccurs in my [process] piece: [definition, location, frequency %]. Produce a systematic list of possible root causes (material, parameter, geometry, equipment). For each cause: supporting evidence + which is confirmed by control/experimentation. Don't make a definitive diagnosis; give an investigation roadmap."
WPS DRAFT TEMPLATE"Ọrụ: Ị bụ onye na-enyere aka ịgbado ọkụ engineer. Base metal: [...]. Ọkpụrụkpụ: [...] Usoro ịgbado ọkụ: [eg. GMAW]. Ọnọdụ: [...] Nweta m a WPS DRAFT skeleton (preheat, ngafe, okpomọkụ ntinye nso, shielding gas). Nke a n'ụzọ doro anya.
AKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỤKWỌ m: [alloy, geometry, thickest section]. Kọwaa ntụziaka ntụziaka na ihe mgbagha nke riser: ebe ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ, ebe a ga-etinye onye na-eri nri, olee otú e si ekpebi oke ya? Olee otú m ga-esi belata ihe ize ndụ nke porosity? Kwupụta na m kwesịrị ịkwado mkpebi ikpeazụ na simulation siri ike na redio. "
Ngwa ngwa adịghị ike / Ike siri ike
AKWỤKWỌ NA-ADỊGHỊ: "Olee otú m ga-esi agba ígwè a?"
IKE KWESỊRỊ: "Ọrụ: Ị bụ onye na-enyere aka ịgbado ọkụ engineer. Base metal: elu carbon alloy ígwè (CE ~ 0.6), ọkpụrụkpụ 20 mm, filler na ọnọdụ [...] Kọwaa m mkpa maka preheating iji gbochie oyi cracking na HAZ, okpomọkụ ntinye nso na inter-agafe okpomọkụ mgbagha. Kọwaa mmetụta nke carbon alloy ígwè na-enweghị ike iji ihe ize ndụ nke a na-eji WPS. na PQR na nnukwu macro/isi ike ekwela nkwa inye ya."
Ogbenye ngwa ngwa na-enye nzaghachi n'ozuzu n'amaghị ihe, ọkpụrụkpụ na ihe ize ndụ nke mgbape. Ngwa ngwa dị ike na-ewebata nha carbon, ọkpụrụkpụ na usoro mgbape, na-akọwapụta na mmepụta ya bụ nke a na-edepụta na a ga-ejirịrị PQR nyochaa ya.
Mmejọ ndị nkịtị
- Na-emejọ ka windo paramita ahụ bụrụ nke zuru ụwa ọnụ karịa igwe/batch/geometry kpọmkwem.
- Na-agafe mkpa preheating na elu carbon Ẹkot ígwè.
- Na-emecha nhazi ihe nkedo na-enweghị ịme anwansị siri ike.
- Ịgbanwe otu oke na AM na ichefu paramita ndị ọzọ dabere (njupụta ike dum).
- Imehie ihe WPS maka usoro mmepụta na-enweghị ntozu PQR.
- NDT na akụkụ dị oke egwu ma tụlee nyocha AI dị ka nnabata ikpeazụ na-enweghị ikike ikike.
Na nchịkọta
N'ime nkedo, ịgbado ọkụ na mmepụta ihe, AI na-eme ka windo usoro ngwa ngwa, na-akọwa mmekọrịta nrụrụ aka, na-ewepụta ndepụta ihe kpatara ya na eserese WPS/ feeder. Otú ọ dị, physics nke solidification na okpomọkụ eruba bụ igwe, ogbe, na geometry kpọmkwem; A ga-enyocharịrị nkwanye ugwu ọ bụla site na simulation, coupon nnwale na nnwale na-adịghị emebi emebi, wee nye ya na ọkọlọtọ nnabata nchekwa dị oke mkpa (ASME IX, ISO 15614 wdg) yana nkwado ikike. AI na-enye gị ohere ịhụ ihe ize ndụ, nnwale na nyocha na-eme mkpebi ahụ.
Ọrụ ngwa
Họrọ usoro (nkedo, ịgbado ọkụ ma ọ bụ AM) yana ihe dị adị / geometry. Rịọ mpio paramita mbụ yana mmekọrịta ntụpọ site na AI na ndebiri “window usoro”. Mgbe ahụ, mepụta ọnọdụ ntụpọ na-emegharị ugboro ugboro wee mepụta ndepụta ihe kpatara ya na atụmatụ nkwenye na template "DEFECT ROOT CAUSE". N'ikpeazụ, dee na paragraf nke ọkọlọtọ na usoro NDT ị ga-eji nabata akụkụ a, yana ọrụ nkwado ikike.
ndetu
- [] Akọwapụtara m usoro, ihe, geometry na njirisi ịdị mma ebumnuche.
- []Edobere m windo paramita mbụ yana mmekọrịta ntụpọ-oke.
- [] M weere n'uche ihe ndị dị oke mkpa dị ka carbon equivalent / preheat / nutrient.
- [] Emepụtala m usoro mgbọrọgwụ ihe kpatara na atụmatụ nkwenye maka ntụpọ ahụ.
- [ ] Eji m simulation/nnwale coupon gosi na parampat.
- [] Ana m edobe nnabata ikpeazụ na ọkọlọtọ NDT yana nnabata injinia ikike.