Uru:
- Ikike idowe ihe omume n'ogo ziri ezi (1/2/3) wee gbakọọ ya na tCO₂e site na mgbagha nke 'ọrụ data × emission factor'
- Ikike iji kwado ihe mgbapụta sitere na isi mmalite wee tụgharịa gaa na CO₂e nwere ntọala GWP ziri ezi maka methane/N₂O wee kọwaa usoro Scope 2
- Ikike iwepụta nsonaazụ a ga-enyocha ya site n'inwe ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ ọtụtụ ahịrị sitere na ọgụgụ isi mmadụ nwere koodu arụ ọrụ kama iji aka.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-ekwukarị na ụwa nkwado bụ akara ukwu carbon nke ụlọ ọrụ: mkpokọta gas griin haus otu nzukọ na-ewepụta n'ime ikuku n'ihi ọrụ ya. Aha nke mba ụwa nke na-esetịpụ iwu maka ịgbakọ nọmba a bụ GHG Protocol (Greenhouse Gas Protocol). Ndekọ carbon, dị ka ndekọ ego ego, dabere na nkọwa na oke ụfọdụ; Obere mperi ma ọ bụ mperi otu na-emebi akụkọ niile. Na nkeji a, ị ga-amụta iwu nke iji ọgụgụ isi (AI) n'enweghị nsogbu na akaụntụ carbon.
Ka anyị buru ụzọ kọwaa otu nkeji. Mmetụta kpo oku nke gas griin dị iche iche (carbon dioxide CO₂, methane CH₄, nitrous oxide N₂O) dị iche. Iji gbanwee ya niile ka ọ bụrụ otu ihe a na-ahụkarị, a na-eji COe (carbon dioxide dakọtara) mee ihe. Ọnụọgụ ntụgharị asụsụ bụ GWP (Potential Warming Global): ọ na-agwa gị ka gas si esi ọkụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere CO₂. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, 100 afọ GWP nke methane dị ihe dịka 28; ya bụ 1 tonne nke methane ≈ 28 tọn CO₂e. Ọ bụrụ na ewepụrụ GWP, a na-eleda methane na N₂O anya nke ukwuu.
Atọ scopes: ebe umu anwuru si
Protocol GHG na-ekewapụta ikuku n'ime oghere atọ:
- Mpaghara 1 (nke a kapịrị ọnụ): Mgbapụta sitere na isi mmalite nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Ọmụmaatụ: gas sitere n'okike gbara ọkụ n'ime igwe ọkụ ụlọ ọrụ, mmanụ ụgbọ ala ụlọ ọrụ na-ere ọkụ, mmanụ ọkụ ọkụ.
- Mpaghara 2 (ike zụrụ): Mgbapụta na-apụtaghị ìhè sitere na mmepụta nke ọkụ eletrik, uzuoku, kpo oku na jụrụ oyi. Eletrik anaghị apụta na anwụrụ ọkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, mana ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ya na-ebupụta ikuku.
- Nkeji 3 (ọnụ ahịa bara uru): Mgbapụta ndị ọzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè: ngwaahịa na ọrụ zụrụ, njem azụmahịa, njem ndị ọrụ, iji ngwaahịa ere, ihe mkpofu. Ọ bụ n'ozuzu nke kachasị mana ọ kacha sie ike ịlele akụkụ nke mkpokọta akara ukwu.
Ihe omume
Oke
Na-ere ọkụ eke gas na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ
Oke 1
Mmanụ ụgbọala maka ụgbọ ala ụlọ ọrụ
Oke 1
Eletrik si na okporo
Oke 2
zụrụ uzuoku
Oke 2
Akụrụngwa azụrụ n'aka onye na-ebubata ya
Oke 3
Onye ọrụ na-eji ụgbọ ala na-abịa ọrụ
Oke 3
Ojiji ndị ahịa nke ngwaahịa rere
Oke 3
NDỤMỌDỤ: Enwere ụzọ abụọ maka Mpaghara 2: dabere na ọnọdụ (na-eji nkezi grid factor maka mpaghara) na ahịa dabere (na-egosipụta nkwekọrịta ike ndụ ndụ ndụ nke ụlọ ọrụ zụtara). Ha abụọ na-arụpụta nsonaazụ dị iche iche, na ọtụtụ usoro chọrọ ka akọpụta ha abụọ. Jide n'aka na ezipụta nke ị na-eji.
Ihe mgbako mgbako a bụ isi: data ọrụ × ihe na-emepụta ihe
Obi nke ndekọ ego carbon bụ otu mmụba:
Mgbapụta (CO₂e) = Data ọrụ × ihe na-emepụta ihe
Data ọrụ bụ nke a tụrụ atụ (litta diesel, kWh nke ọkụ eletrik, m³ nke gas). Ihe na-akpata na-ekupụta apụta bụ ọnụọgụ emission kwa otu (dịka kgCO₂e/lita). Nke a bụ ebe AI kacha dị ize ndụ: ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-adịgasị iche site na obodo, afọ na mmanụ ụgbọala, AI nwere ike ime ihe ọ na-echetaghị. Iwu doro anya: a na-ekwenyekarị ihe kpatara ya site na isi mmalite (IPCC, DEFRA / EPA, IEA, nchịkọta mba); Naanị usoro ngụkọ na koodu bụ AI mere.
Ngwa ngwa adịghị ike / Ike siri ike
Ngwa ngwa adịghị ike:
Gbakọọ akara ukwu carbon nke ụlọ ọrụ anyị.
Enweghị oke, afọ, obodo, otu na isi mmalite; AI na-emepụta ihe, na-agbagwoju anya scopes, na-eleghara nkeji.
Mgbasa ozi siri ike:
Ọrụ gị: Carbon Accounting Expert (GHG Protocol) .Input (2024, Turkey) emissions FIT factor = tCO₂e”, ma ọ dịghị dabara na emission ihe — hapụ oghere maka ihe na dee “ka a kwadoro site na isi mmalite (IPCC/DEFRA/national)”.3) Nye ngụkọta ọ bụghị site n'aka, ma na a usoro m nwere ike ịgba ọsọ.4) Chetara m ebe vs ahịa iche maka Scope 2. Mmepụta: table Formula).
Usoro a na-eji AI dị ka onye na-enyere aka ịgbakọ ihe; Ihe kpatara ya na-ahapụ mkpebi gị.
Tinye mkpokọta n'ime koodu
Ịnakọta ọtụtụ ihe n'ime ọnụọgụ ọtụtụ ahịrị na-enwekarị njehie. Mgbe ịchọpụtachara ihe ndị sitere na isi mmalite gọọmentị, mee ka AI mee nchikota ya na koodu:
Dee koodu mgbako / usoro maka tebụl ihe a kwadoro n'okpuru ebe a. Ahịrị ọ bụla: ọrụ_data × ihe = kgCO2e Ọzọ: gbakwunye kgCO2e niile wee kewaa site na 1000 iji nye tCO2e.I banyere ihe ndị ahụ wee nyochaa ha; naanị ị na-edozi mgbako ahụ. Ogidi: A = ihe, B = data_activity, C = factor (kgCO2e/unit) mmepụta: usoro cell + ngụkọta usoro, nkọwa.
Ngwa ngwa na-esonụ na-eji anya nyocha nwale ngwa ahịa emechara.
Ọrụ gị: Ọkachamara njikwa njikwa ngwaahịa carbon. Nyochaa akwụkwọ ndekọ aha na ọkọlọtọ (ọ bụghị mgbazi):1) Ihe etinyere n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi (1/2/3) .2) ihe na-emepụta ihe na-akọwapụtaghị ya.3) Gases nwere ngbanwe GWP ewepụrụ (na-abụghị CO₂) .4) Unit discrepancies (kg/ton, m³/kWh) . Enweghị ihe ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ọnụọgụ FITTING. Ngwa ahịa: [INVENTORY]
Ịkpachara anya: A na-emelite usoro GWP (dịka IPCC AR5 na AR6 na-enye ụkpụrụ dị iche iche). Gosipụta n'ime akụkọ nke setịpụ nke GWP na oge ihu igwe (na-abụkarị 100 afọ) ị jiri; Ma ọ bụghị ya, data sitere na afọ abụọ na-aghọ enweghị atụ.
Obere ikpe atọ
Ikpe 1 - Ihe ewepụtara. Otu ụlọ ọrụ logistics mere YZ gbakọọ 50,000 lita mmanụ dizel. YZ jiri 2.40 kgCO₂e / lita; Isi ihe kpatara ya bụ ~ 2.68. Ọdịiche ahụ pụtara ilele ihe dị ka tọn 14 CO₂e. A kwadoro ma mezie ihe a site na dataset DEFRA.
Ikpe 2 - Mgbagwoju anya oke. Otu ụlọ ọrụ n'ụzọ hiere ụzọ tinye ọkụ eletrik ọ zụtara na Mpaghara 1. Nlele nyocha nke mbụ gosiri na ọkụ eletrik bụ Scope 2 (ike zụrụ); Ọ bụrụ na emezibeghị mkpuchi mkpuchi ahụ, ma mkpokọta na nkesa otu agaraghị ekwupụta ezighi ezi.
Ikpe 3 - GWP gafere. Ebe a na-ekpofu ihe na-anakọta mpụta methane ozugbo na tọn, na-agbanweghị ya ka ọ bụrụ CO₂e. Mgbe etinyere GWP=28, a hụrụ na tọn 200 nke methane wepụtara ~5,600 tọn CO₂e n'ezie. Ọ bụrụ na ewepụrụ GWP, akara ukwu ga-adị ihe dịka ugboro 28 pere mpe.
Mmejọ ndị nkịtị
- "Na-echetara" AI nke ihe na-emepụta ihe. A na-ewepụ ihe ahụ mgbe niile site na tebụl gọọmentị site na obodo na afọ; Ihe ndị AI nyere nwere ike ịbụ adịgboroja.
- Ngwakọta scopes. Itinye ọkụ eletrik azụrụ na mpaghara 1 yana mmanụ ọkụ nke ya na mpaghara 2 na-agbagọ mkpokọta na nkesa.
- Na-agafe GWP. Ọ bụrụ na GWP agbanweghị methane na N₂O ka ọ bụrụ CO₂, akara ukwu ezughị oke.
- Ngwakọta ngwakọta. N'ịgbagwojuru kilogram na ton, m³ na kWh na-akpata njehie ugboro 1000.
- Enweghị ịkọwapụta usoro Scope 2. Ọ bụrụ na ekwughị ma ọ dabere na ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ dabere na ahịa, enweghị ike iji ọnụọgụgụ tụnyere.
Na nchịkọta
Akaụntụ carbon abụghị nka nke ịkọ nkọ, kama ọ bụ ịdọ aka ná ntị ndekọ ego dabere na nkọwa na ihe ndị akwadoro. Mgbapụta = data ọrụ × ihe na-emepụta ihe; ma a na-ekwenyekarị ihe ahụ mgbe niile site na isi mmalite gọọmentị, naanị nkewa nkewa, ihe ndekọ akaụntụ na koodu mkpokọta na-eme AI. Kewaa oghere atọ ndị ahụ nke ọma, tụgharịa gas niile site na GWP ka ọ bụrụ CO₂e, dozie nkeji ahụ wee kwupụta usoro oke 2 gị. Agụnyela ihe ọ bụla AI nyere na akụkọ na-egosighi ya.
Ọrụ ngwa
Hazie onwe gị site na iji obere ihe atọ dị na data (otu akụkụ 1, otu akụkụ 2, otu ihe obosara nke 3). Jụọ AI site na ngwa ngwa siri ike dị n'elu maka ndekọ ndekọ ego nke na-edobe ihe ọ bụla n'ụzọ ziri ezi wee hapụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe efu. Mgbe ahụ: (1) chọta ma tinye ihe ọ bụla site na isi mmalite gọọmentị, (2) gbakọọ mkpokọta site na koodu, (3) detuo usoro GWP na usoro 2 nke i jiri mee ihe.
ndetu
- [] Etinyere m mkpịsị akwụkwọ ọ bụla na mkpuchi ziri ezi (1/2/3).
- [ ] Achọpụtala m ihe ndị na-epupụta ihe sitere na isi mmalite (IPCC/DEFRA/EPA/national).
- [ ] Eji GWP tụgharịrị gas niile griin na CO₂e.
- [] Emere m nchikota ahụ ọbụghị aka kama site na usoro/koodu enwere ike ime ya.
- [ ] A leleere m nkwekọ nke nkeji (kg/ton, m³/kWh).
- [ ] A kọwapụtara m ebe/usoro ahịa maka Oke 2.
- [ ] Edere m usoro GWP na oge oge m ji mee ihe na akụkọ ahụ.