Nkeji
1. Okwu Mmalite nke ọgụgụ isi Artificial na Chemistry: Ọrụ, ókèala, nkwado na ụkpụrụ omume. 2. Nnọchite anya Molecular na Structure Chemical: Nkwado na SMILES, InChi na RDKit 3. Amụma mmeghachi omume na usoro: ngwaahịa, ọnọdụ na amụma mmeghachi omume ọjọọ 4. Nkwado Ntụgharị Asụsụ Spectrum: NMR, IR na Mass Spectrometry 5. Nyochaa akwụkwọ na nhazi nhazi: Isi mmalite, Usoro na map ụzọ 6. Nyocha data kemịkalụ na Python: pandas, Stoichiometry na calibration 7. Amụma Ngwongwo Molecular na QSAR: Mkpebi, pKa na Oke Model 8. Akwụkwọ nyocha ụlọ nyocha: Akwụkwọ ndetu nnwale, ELN na mmụgharị 9. Ntụle nchekwa na ihe egwu: GHS, SDS na oke ọgụgụ isi 10. Nkwenye, nhụsianya, na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe sayensị 11. Mmadụ nọ na nnwale: ụkpụrụ omume, nzuzo, ọrụ na usoro ngwụcha ruo ọgwụgwụ.
Nkeji 9 / 11

Ntụle nchekwa na ihe egwu: GHS, SDS na oke ọgụgụ isi

Uru:

  • Ịghọta na isi iyi nke eziokwu nchekwa bụ SDS na GHS na ọgụgụ isi mmadụ enweghị ike inwe okwu ikpeazụ na nchekwa
  • Ikike iji nyochaa maka nchikota reagents na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ na usoro ọ bụla wee kwado ya na SDS
  • Ikike ikpebi PPE n'ọkwa ihe wee nweta usoro nke onye nwere ahụmahụ / onye ọrụ nchekwa kwadoro

Ntụle nchekwa na ihe egwu: Oke GHS, SDS na AI

Na kemistri, ọ dịghị okwu dị mkpa karịa nchekwa. Njehie arọ molekụla ga-akpaghasị nnwale ahụ; Njehie nchekwa nwere ike ịnwụ ndụ mmadụ. AI nwere ike mee ka akwụkwọ nchekwa dị ngwa ngwa: wepụta nchịkọta ihe egwu, kwado akụrụngwa nchedo onwe onye (PPE), ndetu mkpofu mkpofu, ụdị ntule ihe egwu. Mana enwere otu iwu zuru oke: AI enweghị ike ikwu okwu ikpeazụ gbasara nchekwa. Mkpebi nchekwa ahụ dabere na isi mmalite ndị gọọmentị (SDS - Safety Data Sheet, GHS - Sistemu Nhazi nke Kemịkalụ zuru ụwa ọnụ) yana onye tozuru oke. Na ngalaba a, anyị ga-amụta iji AI dị ka ihe enyemaka na nchekwa mana ịghara ịdabere na ya.

Echiche ndị bụ isi

  • SDS (Akwụkwọ data nchekwa): Akwụkwọ ikike nke ngalaba 16 nke onye nrụpụta kemịkalụ ọ bụla nyere. Na-agụnye ihe egwu, enyemaka mbụ, nchekwa, mkpofu. Nchebe bụ isi iyi nke eziokwu.
  • GHS: Usoro mba ụwa nke na-ekewa kemịkalụ n'ime klaasị ihe egwu (ọkụ ọkụ, corrosive, toxic, oxidizing, wdg) wee gosipụta ha na eserese eserese.
  • Okwu H na P: H (Hazard) nkwupụta ihe ize ndụ (dịka H314: nnukwu ọkụ anụ ahụ), P (akpachara anya) nkwupụta nlezianya (dịka P280: yikwasị uwe nchebe).
  • PPE: Akụrụngwa nchekwa nkeonwe - goggles, gloves, apron, mkpuchi iku ume ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa.

AI dị mma n'ịkọwa echiche ndị a na ichikota ederede SDS. Ma ọ dị ize ndụ ịdabere na ozi ihe egwu nke AI nyere "site na ebe nchekwa" na-enwetaghị SDS n'ezie nke kemịkalụ n'aka onye nrụpụta; Ọ nwere ike ịbụ ezughị oke ma ọ bụ ezighi ezi.

Akpachara anya: O zughị ezu maka AI ikwu "mma" ma ọ bụ "adịghị ize ndụ" maka kemịkal. Nweta SDS gọọmentị maka kemịkalụ ọ bụla n'aka onye na-eweta ngwaahịa ma gụọ ihe egwu, enweghị ndakọrịta, ozi mkpofu ebe ahụ. AI abụghị nnọchi maka SDS.

Ihe ize ndụ kachasị njọ: ngwakọta na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ

Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ kemịkal dịtụ mma naanị ha, ha na-adị ize ndụ ọnụ. Omuma atụ: oxidizers + organic bekee (ọkụ / mgbawa), acids + hypochlorite (chlorine gas), mmiri + reactive ọla (hydrogen / okpomọkụ), acids + cyanide salts (na-egbu egbu gas). AI maara ọtụtụ n'ime nchikota ndị a, mana ọ naghị ekwe nkwa ha niile, yana mgbe ụfọdụ nwere ike ịnye aro dị ize ndụ n'emeghị ihe ọjọọ. Ekwesịrị ịza usoro ọ bụla site n'ịjụ "ọ nwere reagents na-adabaghị ebe a?" Ọ bụ ọrụ gị iji anya gị nyocha.

Nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ: Nkwado nchekwa nke AI kwadoro

  1. Mepụta ndepụta reagents: Depụta kemịkalụ ọ bụla ejiri mee nnwale ahụ.
  2. Nweta SDS n'ezie: Budata SDS site n'aka ndị nrụpụta/onye na-eweta ngwaahịa maka onye ọ bụla.
  3. Nchịkọta na AI: mado ederede SDS wee wepụta ihe egwu/PPE/nchịkọta mkpofu.
  4. Nleba anya enweghị nkwekọrịta: Jụọ AI "ọ nwere njikọ dị ize ndụ n'etiti reagents ndị a?" juo; jiri SDS nyochaa nsonaazụ ya.
  5. Ụdị ntule ihe ize ndụ: Ka AI mepụta akwụkwọ, ị mejupụta ya na ezigbo ozi ma mee ka onye ọrụ kwadoro ya.
  6. Nkwado mmadụ: Emela usoro a na-enweghị onye nwere ahụmahụ / onye ọrụ nchekwa akwado ya.

Ndebiri anọ enwere ike iṅomi

1) SDS nchịkọta (ị na-enye ederede):

N'okpuru bụ ederede SDS maka kemịkalụ:[SDS TEXT] Ọrụ: Wepụ: Klas GHS, nkwupụta H na P, achọrọ PPE, ọnọdụ nchekwa, ihe ndị na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ, mkpofu na nchịkọta enyemaka mbụ, usoro mkpofu ahịhịa. Tinye ozi BỤGHỊ na ederede; ma ọ bụghị ya, dee "akọwapụtaghị na SDS".

2) Nyocha enweghị ndakọrịta:

A na-eji kemịkalụ ndị a ọnụ/usoro n'usoro na nnwale ahụ:[LIST + usoro dị mkpirikpi] Ọrụ: Ọ nwere njikọ dị ize ndụ amaara (oxidizer+organic, acid+hypochlorite, water+reactive metal, wdg) n'etiti ihe ndị a? Kọwaa ihe ize ndụ ọ bụla nwere ike ime. ỊDỌ AKA NA NTỊ: Nke a bụ nyocha mbụ; M ga-enyocha SDS nke ihe ọ bụla.

3) Ụdị nleba anya ihe egwu:

Ọrụ: Mepụta template n'ihe ize ndụ ụlọ nyocha. Ubi: nkọwa ọrụ, ihe na klaasị ihe ize ndụ ejiri, ụzọ mkpughe, PPE chọrọ, usoro injinia (ọkụ ọkụ), usoro mberede, mkpofu mkpofu, nnabata onye / ụbọchị. Hapụ ubi ọ bụla oghere ka ejupụta.

4) PPE na ndụmọdụ ịkpachara anya:

Usoro: na-arụ ọrụ na nitric acid concentrated, na fume hood.Task: Depụta PPE kwesịrị ekwesị (gụnyere ụdị uwe aka), nlezianya injinia na nzọụkwụ mbụ na ihe omume nke nfesa. Rịba ama: M ga-akwado nhọrọ ihe mkpuchi aka na chaatị ndakọrịta SDS.

Ngwa ngwa adịghị ike / Ike siri ike

Adịghị ike:

Ọ dị mma iji kemịkal a rụọ ọrụ?

AI nwere ike ịzaghachi site na ebe nchekwa, dị ka "nchekwa n'ozuzu"; nke a ezughị oke ma na-eduhie eduhie, na-ewepụ SDS n'ezie.

siri ike:

N'okpuru ebe a, a na m mado ederede SDS maka kemịkalụ Na-agbakwunye nkwupụta nchekwa na-adịghị na ederede. Nsonaazụ: A ga m enweta nchịkọta a nke onye ọrụ nchekwa kwadoro.

Ọdịiche: ewere ezigbo SDS dị ka ndabere, AI chịkọtara naanị, amachibidoro imepụta ihe, ewebata nkwenye mmadụ n'ime mmiri.

klaasị ihe egwu na ịkpachapụ anya

Klas GHS

ihe atụ

Isi ihe egwu

Akpachara anya

mmiri mmiri na-ere ọkụ

ethanol, acetone

ọkụ

Apụọ n'ọkụ, enweghị ọkụ

na-emebi emebi

Acid/base gbadoro ụkwụ

Akpụkpọ anụ/anya ọkụ

Ọta ihu, uwe aka kwesịrị ekwesị

nsi

Cyanide nnu

nsị

Ihe mkpuchi uzuzu, sistem mechiri emechi

oxidizer

Nitric acid, perchlorate

ọkụ / mgbawa

Chekwaa iche na organics

sensitizer

ụfọdụ amin

mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ

Zere mmetụ akpụkpọ ahụ

Obere ikpe

Ikpe 1 - aro nzuzo nzuzo AI. Onye ọrụ rịọrọ usoro nhicha elu; YZ tụrụ aro n'usoro n'usoro nke ngwọta acidic nwere ngwaahịa nwere hypochlorite-ihe ize ndụ nke gas chlorine. Onye ọrụ ahụ nọgidere na-ele anya na ngalaba "ihe na-adabaghị adaba" na SDS. Ihe nkuzi: Jiri ngalaba SDS na-adakọghị ọnụ gafere ndụmọdụ AI.

Ikpe 2 - PPE efu. YZ kwuru "gloves na goggles" maka ịrụ ọrụ na acid concentrated mana akọwapụtaghị ụdị uwe aka; Ụfọdụ ihe mkpuchi aka anaghị anabata acid ahụ. Onye ọrụ họrọ ihe aka aka ziri ezi site na eserese ndakọrịta nke SDS. Ọmụmụ: Nyochaa nkwanye PPE sitere na SDS n'ọkwa ihe.

Ikpe 3 - SDS nchịkọta agbakwunyere uru. Otu nwa akwụkwọ nwere AI chịkọtara SDS nwere peeji 12; E wedara ihe ize ndụ, PPE na mkpofu na ibe 1 wee gụọ ngwa ngwa tupu nnwale ahụ. Ejiri SDS mbụ nyochaa nchịkọta a, ọ bụ eziokwu. Ihe nkuzi: AI SDS dị mma ma baa uru na nchịkọta n'ihi na ị na-enye ederede.

Mmejọ ndị nkịtị

  • Naanị ịrịọ AI maka nchekwa. Ime mkpebi "nke adịghị mma" na-enweghị ezigbo SDS.
  • Anaghị enyocha nchikota ekwekọghị. Ileghara ihe ndị dị nchebe n'otu n'otu nwere ike ịdị ize ndụ ọnụ.
  • Na-akọwapụtaghị PPE na ọkwa ihe. "Gloves" ezughị; Kedu ihe onwunwe, kedu ọkpụrụkpụ?
  • Ọbụghị na-eburu n'uche ọnụ ọgụgụ. Ihe na-adịghị mkpa okpomọkụ na a mg scale nwere ike dị ize ndụ na a ahumachi ọnụ ọgụgụ.
  • Ịwụpụ mkpofu mkpofu. Ọ bụ ezie na mmeghachi omume ahụ adịghị mma, ikpofu ihe mkpofu nke ọma bụ ihe ize ndụ dị iche.
  • Ịgabiga nnabata mmadụ. Ime usoro ahụ na-enweghị nkwado sitere n'aka onye nwere ahụmahụ.
NDỤMỌDỤ: Tinye ụkpụrụ “ ntụkwasị obi efu” na nchekwa: Mesoo nkwupụta nchekwa AI ọ bụla ka ekwenyeghị ruo mgbe egosipụtara na ọ bụghị. Isi mmalite bụ SDS, onye na-eme mkpebi bụ mmadụ.

Na nchịkọta

  • Nchekwa bụ ihe kacha mkpa na kemistri; Ebe AI enweghị ike inwe okwu ikpeazụ.
  • Isi mmalite nke ozi nchekwa bụ SDS na GHS; Mgbe AI na-enye site na ebe nchekwa, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ezughị oke / ezighi ezi.
  • Ihe ize ndụ kachasị njọ bụ ngwakọta na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ; jiri anya a nyochaa usoro ọ bụla.
  • Jiri AI na nchikota SDS, idepụta ụdị na nyocha mbido enweghị nnabata; jiri SDS nyochaa ihe niile.
  • Ezipụta PPE na ọkwa ihe, buru n'uche nha na mkpofu mkpofu, nweta nkwado mmadụ.

Ọrụ ngwa

Họrọ kemịkalụ atọ ị na-arụ ọrụ. Nweta ezigbo SDS maka onye ọ bụla n'aka onye na-ebubata ya. Mee ka AI chịkọta ederede SDS (ihe egwu, PPE, ihe ndị na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ, mkpofu). Mgbe ahụ nwee nyocha AI maka enweghị nkwekọrịta site na iji atọ niile wee gafee nsonaazụ ya na ngalaba "ihe na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ" nke SDS. Dejupụta akwụkwọ nyocha ihe egwu. Gbalịa ịchọta ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu isi ihe na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ na-efu PPE; Dee atụmatụ iji mee ka onye ọrụ kwadoro fọm ahụ.

ndetu

  • [] Ana m enweta ezigbo SDS maka kemịkalụ ọ bụla, anaghị m adabere na AI.
  • [ ] Ana m enyocha nchịkọta nchekwa AI na SDS.
  • [] M na-enyocha usoro maka nchikota na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ.
  • [] Ana m enyocha PPE na ọkwa ihe sitere na SDS.
  • [] M na-atụle ọnụ ọgụgụ na mkpofu mkpofu.
  • [ ] Enwere m usoro nke onye nwere ahụmahụ/onye ọrụ nchekwa kwadoro.
Nke gara aga Na-esote