Riba:
- Samun damar bambance inda hankali na wucin gadi ke adana ainihin lokaci a cikin aikin lafiyar hankali da kuma inda alhakin asibiti da bincike / yanke shawara ya kamata su kasance tare da ƙwararren ɗan adam, dangane da matakin haɗari.
- Ikon yin amfani da horo na tabbatarwa da yawa wanda ke gwada kowane fitowar AI akan shaida, tushe, da kuma hukuncin asibiti
- Hankali na wucin gadi ba likitan kwantar da hankali ba ne, mai bincike ko mai kulawa; Samun damar shigar da takamaiman tsari wanda mutane da sa baki na gaggawa suna da mahimmanci idan akwai rikici/haɗari.
Psychology yana ƙoƙarin fahimtar zafin mutum, labarinsa da duniyar ciki; Sana'a ce da aka gina ta akan amana, dangantaka da alhaki. Wasu ɓangarorin wannan aikin (rubutun rubutu, tushen dubawa, tebur na gyara, shirya kayan) na iya zama mai sarrafa kansa da sauri. Ba za a taɓa canjawa wasu sassa zuwa na'ura ba saboda suna taɓa rayuwar mutum. Hankali na wucin gadi (AI a takaice; software da ke koyon tsari daga adadi mai yawa na rubutu da samar da sabon rubutu, abstracts ko lamba) taimako ne mai ƙarfi a cikin wannan sana'a: taƙaita sa'o'i na bitar wallafe-wallafe, tsara rahoto, sauƙaƙe ƙasidar ilimin tunani. Amma AI ba mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ba ne; Ba ya san abokin ciniki, ba ya ɗaukar nauyi, ba ya tsayawa gare shi a lokacin rikici, kuma ba ya ɗaukarsa bisa ɗabi'a da doka.
Burinmu a cikin wannan tsarin shine mu sanya ku ƙwararren lafiyar hankali da ke kula da AI, ba ma'aikacin da ya dogara da AI ba. A cikin wannan rukunin farko, zaku koyi inda zaku yi amfani da AI a cikin kasuwancin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, inda yakamata ku tsaya da gaske, da kuma yadda zaku inganta kowane fitarwa.
Abin da AI zai iya kuma ba zai iya yi a cikin ilimin halin dan Adam ba
Ƙarfin gaske na AI shine don samar da harshe, alamu da shaci. kwarangwal na bayanin zama, taswirar taƙaitaccen adabi, sigar da aka tsiri na rubutun ilimin halin ɗan adam, jigon abu na tambayoyin bincike, harshen ladabi na imel ɗin alƙawari; Duk wannan yana fitowa a cikin daƙiƙa. A cikin waɗannan ayyuka, AI yana adana lokaci kuma yana rage nauyin tunani.
Abin da AI ba zai iya yi ba shine yanke shawara wanda ke buƙatar yanke hukunci na asibiti. Yin ganewar asali, yin la'akari da haɗari, zabar tsarin kulawa, karanta ko abokin ciniki yana "fi dacewa ko mafi muni"; Babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan da za a iya yi tare da ma'anar "haka yakan faru". AI yana hallucinate saboda yana koyo daga rubutu akan intanet: don haka tushen da ya bayyana na gaske amma babu shi zai iya samar da ƙididdiga na ƙarya ko abin sikelin da aka yi. A cikin ilimin halin dan Adam, irin wannan nau'in kuskure ba kawai rubutun rubutu ba ne; Yana nufin abokin ciniki da ba daidai ba, sa baki mai cutarwa, ko cin zarafin ɗabi'a.
Tsanaki: Abubuwan AI daftari ne, ba ra'ayi na asibiti ba. Abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci na aminci kamar su ganewar asali, ƙididdigar haɗari da yanke shawara na jiyya ana yin su tare da hukunci da alhakin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru (masanin ilimin halin ɗan adam, likitan hauka). AI baya maye gurbin wannan dalili.
Yankuna uku bisa ga matakin haɗari
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don amfani da AI cikin aminci ita ce raba kowane aiki zuwa yankuna uku dangane da matakin haɗari. Wannan bambance-bambancen ya gangara zuwa "Shin AI ya kamata ya yi haka?" Yana amsa tambayoyi cikin sauri da daidai.
Yanki
Misali ayyuka
Matsayin AI
Matakin tabbatarwa
Green (ƙananan haɗari)
Sauƙaƙan rubutu na ilimin halayyar ɗan adam wanda ba a san shi ba, imel ɗin alƙawari, binciken taken adabi, ƙayyadaddun gabatarwa
samar da kyauta
Saurin bita
Yellow (matsakaicin haɗari)
Daftarin bayanin zama, bayanin harshe don fassarar ma'auni, tsarin bincike na bincike, shawarar lambar jigo
Draft + shawara
Duban ƙwararru + tabbatarwar tushe/ bayanai
Ja (mahimmancin tsaro)
Binciken bincike, kimanin haɗarin kashe kansa/rikicin, magani / shawarar magani, ra'ayi na shari'a
Tunatarwa/jerin dubawa kawai
ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru da alhakin wajibi ne
Yi sauri a cikin yankin kore. Yi amfani da AI a cikin yankin rawaya, amma tabbatar da kowane bayani, lamba da tushe. A cikin yankin ja, AI ba ta taɓa faɗin ƙarshe ba; Aƙalla, tunatarwa ce da ke kawo abin sarrafawa zuwa tunanin ƙwararru.
uku mini lokuta
Case na 1 - Amfani mai adana lokaci. Masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam zai shirya ƙasida mai suna "gwajin damuwa a cikin samari" ga ƙungiyar iyaye 40. Idan aka rubuta da hannu, zai ɗauki kimanin awanni 3. Ta hanyar sa AI ya rubuta daftarin da ba a san shi ba, abubuwan da ke tushen shaida da tabbatar da kai, ya ƙare ƙasidar a cikin mintuna 45. Kusan 75% tanadin lokaci, kuma shine ke da alhakin abun ciki na ƙarshe.
Case 2 - Inda ya kamata ya tsaya. Wani ƙwararren ya ba wa abokin ciniki bayanin kula na zama 3 ga AI kuma yana tambaya, "Shin wannan mutumin yana da matsalar halin ƙaya?" Ya tambaya. "Alamomin suna daidai da juna," in ji AI cikin aminci. Duk da haka, AI bai ga abokin ciniki ba, bai san tarihin ba, kuma ba zai iya auna bambance-bambancen cututtuka ba. If the specialist uses this output as a diagnosis, he or she will make a serious mistake; A mafi yawancin, fitarwa na iya zama tunatarwa a cikin nau'i na "kimanta waɗannan yankunan gaba a cikin hira."
Case 3 - Kudin hallucination. Wani mai bincike yana buƙatar tushe 10 daga AI don gabatarwar littafinsa. AI yana samar da ƙididdiga 10; Dukkansu sun yi kama da kamala. Lokacin da mai binciken ya bincika, ya ga cewa 4 daga cikinsu ba su wanzu kuma 2 daga cikinsu sun ba da shekara / marubucin kuskure ga ainihin labarin. Wannan yana nufin 60% na ambaton ba daidai ba ne. Idan da bai bincika ba, da ya sanya majiyoyin karya a cikin bincikensa.
Salon tabbatarwa da yawa
Tabbatarwa ba wani abu bane da za'a jinkirta tunanin "zan duba shi daga baya", wani bangare ne na aikin. Tabbatacciyar tabbaci ta ƙunshi yadudduka biyar:
- Komawa shaida. Idan AI ta ba da bincike, ƙididdigewa, ko shawarwarin, tabbatar da shi tare da tushen farko (labarin da aka bita, jagorar hukuma, jagorar sikelin).
- Gwaji tare da hukunci na asibiti. Shin fitowar da gaske tana da ma'ana ga wannan abokin ciniki, wannan mahallin, da wannan al'ada? Ku auna shi da idon gwani na ku.
- Kwatanta da bayanai masu yawa. Kada ka dogara ga jumla ɗaya, maki ɗaya, ko alama ɗaya; Bari labari, lura da aunawa suyi magana tare.
- Tace xa'a da sirri. Shin wannan fitowar tana cutar da abokin ciniki, ta bata shi, ta keta sirrin?
- Bar alamar ku. Yi rikodin abin da aka inganta da kuma yadda; Bari a duba shi daga baya.
Alama: "AI ya ce" ba hujja ba ne. Dalilin yanke shawara na asibiti ko bincike koyaushe shaida ne, aunawa, daidaitattun ƙwararru, ko ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru. AI yana taimaka muku shirya waɗannan dalilai, baya maye gurbin su.
Copiable prompts and templates
Samfura masu zuwa suna kiyaye AI a cikin amintaccen matsayi. Cika maƙallan murabba'in tare da mahallin ku (wanda ba a san sunansa ba).
Matsayi: Kai mataimakiyar tsarawa ce mai taimaka wa ƙwararren ilimin halin ɗan adam. Ba ku yin ganewar asali, yin kima na haɗari, ko yanke shawarar magani. Aikin ku shine kawai tsara rubutu da raba tunanin ku. Inda a cikin shakka, rubuta "tabbacin gwani".Aiki: [aiki] .Ƙuntatawa: Bayanan da ba a san su ba; babu harshe na stigmatizing; Idan akwai da'awar tushe, yiwa alama "tabbatar da ake buƙata".
Bincika daftarin da ke ƙasa daga sassa uku kuma ba da amsa abu da abu ga kowane: 1) Jumloli masu ɗauke da da'awar asibiti ba daidai ba ko wuce kima, 2) Da'awar ba tare da tushe ba ko da yake suna buƙatar tushe, 3) Harshen ƙiyayya ko hukunci. Idan ba ku da tabbacin ingancin ku, rubuta "ba a tabbatar ba". Rubutu: [rubutu]
Sanya wannan aikin a cikin yankin haɗari (kore/rawaya/ja) kuma rubuta dalilin a cikin jumla ɗaya. Sannan jera matakan tabbatarwa da suka dace da wannan yanki. Aiki: [bayanin aiki]
Wadanne kalamai ne a cikin wannan rubutu suka ƙunshi da'awar gaskiya/ƙididdiga? Lissafta kowanne akan layi daban a matsayin "da'awar tabbatarwa"; Zan bincika daga tushen farko. Rubutu: [rubutu]
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rarraunan hanzari: "Mene ne cutarwar abokin ciniki dangane da alamunsa?"
Wannan hanzarin yana kiran AI don yin aikin da ba zai iya yi ba (ciwon sukari), baya kare bayanan abokin ciniki, kuma yana gayyatar fitarwa mai ƙarfi amma mara inganci.
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi: "A ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen tambayoyin da ba a san su ba. KADA ku yi ganewar asali. Maimakon haka, bayar da shawarar a matsayin jerin abubuwan da ya kamata in kara kimantawa a cikin tambayoyin asibiti da tambayoyin da ya kamata in tuna in yi. Alama a inda ba ku da tabbas."
Wannan hanzari yana sanya AI a cikin madaidaicin rawar (tunatarwa), yana kare bayanan, kuma ya bar alhakin ga gwani.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Kuskure jigon don ra'ayin asibiti. Harshen ƙwaƙƙwaran AI da ƙarfin gwiwa ba hujja ba ne na daidaito; Jumla mafi gamsarwa na iya zama jumla mafi kuskure.
- Miƙa yankin ja ga AI. Samun AI ya tambayi ganewar asali, haɗari da yanke shawara na magani yana ƙoƙarin matsawa alhakin zuwa software; Wannan duka kuskure ne na ɗa'a da na shari'a.
- Tsallake tabbatarwa. Cewa "Zan duba shi ta wata hanya" ko a'a shine hanya ta ɗaya ta hallucination ta shiga cikin rahoton.
- Manna bayanan abokin ciniki ba tare da kare shi ba. Ba da sunaye na ainihi da cikakkun bayanai ga AI keta sirri ne (duba Sashe na 2).
- Sanya AI a matsayin mai kulawa. AI yana yin maimaita shari'ar, amma ainihin iko, lissafi da kulawar ɗabi'a shine aikin mai kula da ɗan adam.
A takaice
A cikin ilimin halin dan Adam, AI taimako ne mai ƙarfi wanda ke haifar da harshe da fayyace, amma ba mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ba, bincike, ko mai kulawa. Raba kowane ɗawainiya zuwa yankin haɗari kore / rawaya / ja; A cikin yankin ja (cututtuka, rikici, jiyya) hukunce-hukuncen asibiti da alhakin koyaushe suna kasancewa tare da ƙwararren ɗan adam. Tsaftace kowane sakamako ta hanyar yadudduka na shaida, hukunce-hukuncen asibiti, bayanai da yawa, matattarar ɗabi'a, da ganowa. "AI ya ce" ba hujja ba ce.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Rubuta ayyuka na yau da kullun guda 6 daga aikin ku (ko aikin da aka yi tsammani): misali. imel na alƙawari, daftarin bayanin zaman, tambayar bincike, ƙima ta rikici, nazarin wallafe-wallafe, karantarwar ilimin tunani. Sanya kowanne a yankin kore/rawaya/ja kuma rubuta ƙa'idar tabbatar da jumla ɗaya ga kowane. Sakamakon ƙarshe shine naku "taswirar haɗarin AI".
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na sanya aikin a cikin koren / rawaya / ja.
- [ ] Ban bar wani yanke shawara a yankin ja ga AI ba.
- [ ] Na ɓoye bayanan abokin ciniki.
- [ ] Na rubuta a sarari "ƙimar tantancewa/ haɗarin haɗari" ga AI.
- [ ] Na wuce fitarwa ta hanyoyin tabbatarwa guda biyar.
- [ ] Na yarda cewa ni ke da alhakin abun ciki na ƙarshe kuma na bar alamara.