Gabatarwa zuwa Hankali na Artificial a cikin Magungunan Dabbobi: Iyakoki, Tabbatarwa, Nauyi da La'a

Riba:

• Ability don rarrabe inda AI ke adana ainihin lokaci a cikin aikin aikin dabbobi da kuma inda alhakin ganewar asali da magani ya kamata ya kasance tare da ƙwararren likitan dabbobi, dangane da matakin haɗari.
• Ikon aiwatar da horo na tabbatarwa da yawa wanda ke gwada kowane fitowar AI akan gwajin asibiti, jagora na yanzu, ingantacciyar ma'auni, da amincewar likita.
• Nemi ɓoye sunan mahallin, keɓantawa, da amintaccen zaɓin kayan aiki don kare bayanan mai haƙuri, bayanan asibiti, da bayanan kasuwanci.

Magungunan dabbobi tsari ne mai ƙalubale na yanke shawara wanda ke karanta alamun mara lafiyar maras lafiya kuma ya canza su zuwa ingantaccen magani. Wasu hanyoyin haɗi a cikin wannan sarkar (ajiya na rikodi, kwafi rubutawa, taƙaitaccen bayani) ana iya sarrafa su da sauri; Wasu daga cikinsu ba za a taɓa canjawa zuwa na'ura ba saboda suna taɓa rayuwar mai rai. Hankali na wucin gadi (AI a takaice; software da ke koyon tsari daga bayanai kuma ke haifar da rubutu, hotuna ko lamba) mai ƙarfi ne mai ƙarfi a cikin wannan sarkar: taƙaitaccen tarihin anamnesis, zayyana jerin ganewar asali, rubuta rubutun taƙaitaccen mai shi, tsara sakamakon dakin gwaje-gwaje. Amma AI ba likitan dabbobi ba ne; baya bincika, ba ya magana, baya ɗaukar nauyi, baya sanya hannu kan takaddun magani. A cikin wannan rukunin za ku koyi inda za ku yi amfani da AI a cikin kasuwancin dabbobi, inda za ku tsaya da yadda ake tabbatar da kowace fitarwa. Manufar ita ce sanya ku likitan da ke sarrafa AI, ba wanda ya dogara da AI ba.

Abin da AI zai iya kuma ba zai iya yi a likitan dabbobi ba

Ƙarfin gaske na AI yana cikin samar da harsuna, alamu da bambance-bambancen. Yana ɗaukar daƙiƙa guda don juya bayanan anamnesis sako-sako (tahirin haƙuri; bayanin da mai shi ya faɗa kuma likita ya lura da shi) a cikin rikodin tsararru, don lissafin yiwuwar gano cututtuka na cuta, don taƙaita ginshiƙi na hemogram, rubuta odar fitarwa, shirya tunatarwar rigakafin. A cikin waɗannan ayyuka, AI yana adana sa'o'i kuma ya bar ku da ƙarin lokaci a gefen gado.

Abin da AI ba zai iya yi ba shine hukunci na asibiti, wanda ke buƙatar alhakin. Mahimmin ganewar asali, kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi, alamar tiyata, tsinkaye (ƙididdigar yanayin cutar), yanke shawara na euthanasia; Babu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan da za a iya ba da ma'anar "wannan yawanci haka yake". AI yana haskakawa saboda yana koyo daga rubutu akan intanit: wato, yana iya haɗawa da alama na gaske amma ƙimar ƙarya, ƙimar tunani, ko ƙungiyar cuta. A cikin magungunan dabbobi, irin wannan kuskuren ba kawai rubutun rubutu ba ne; Mutuwar dabba na nufin yaduwar zoonosis (cutar dabba zuwa mutum) ko cin zarafin abinci.

Hankali: Abubuwan AI daftari ne, ba ra'ayin likita ba. Ba za a iya yanke shawara mai mahimmancin aminci kamar ganewar asali, magani, takardar sayan magani da tsinkaya da za a iya yanke ba tare da dubawa da amincewar ƙwararren likitan dabbobi ba. AI baya maye gurbin wannan yarda.

Bambanci tsakanin nau'in nau'in: babban rami na musamman ga likitan dabbobi

Ba kamar likitancin ɗan adam ba, likitan dabbobi yana aiki ba tare da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan cats, karnuka, dawakai, dawakai, dawakai, dabbobi, tumaki, awaki, kiwon kaji, kiwo). Magunguna iri ɗaya na iya zama lafiya a cikin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan nau`ikan nau`ikan nau`ikan nau'in nau`in)” da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in jini). Misali, paracetamol yana da guba ga kyanwa; Kare na waje da ke ɗauke da permethrin na iya zama mai kisa idan aka shafa ga kuliyoyi. Saboda an horar da AI akan rubutun likitanci na gama-gari, yana iya yin shiru cikin ruɗar bambancin jinsi kuma ya haifar da shawarwarin cat daga bayanan kare. Therefore, it is essential to confirm every recommendation given by the AI ​​​​according to the target species, breed, age and physiological state (pregnancy, lactation).

Yankuna uku bisa ga matakin haɗari

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don amfani da AI cikin aminci ita ce raba kowane aiki zuwa yankuna uku dangane da matakin haɗari.

Yanki

Misali ayyuka

Matsayin AI

Matakin tabbatarwa

Green (ƙananan haɗari)

Shirye-shiryen anamnesis, rubutun fitarwa, tunatarwar rigakafi, daftarin imel, ƙasida ta horar da mai shi

samar da kyauta

Saurin bita

Yellow (matsakaicin haɗari)

Jerin ganewar asali na daban, taƙaitawar dakin gwaje-gwaje, pre-scan na hoto, taƙaitaccen bayanan garken

Draft + shawara

Ikon Likita + Tabbatar da tushe

Ja (mahimmancin tsaro)

Tabbataccen ganewar asali, kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi, takardar sayan magani, maganin sa barci, alamun tiyata, tsinkaye, euthanasia

Pre-allon/jerin dubawa kawai

Ingantacciyar jarrabawar likita da yarda ya zama tilas

Yi sauri a cikin yankin kore. Yi amfani da AI a cikin yankin rawaya amma tabbatar da kowace ƙima da tushe. A cikin yankin ja, AI ba ta taɓa faɗin ƙarshe ba; Taimako ne kawai wanda ke hanzarta aikin likita.

uku mini lokuta

Case 1 (Green). Wani asibiti yana ganin matsakaicin marasa lafiya 22 a kowace rana, kuma rubuta kowane odar fitarwa da hannu yana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 40 kowane likita kowace rana. Lokacin da aka samar da rubutun fitarwa na tushen samfuri tare da AI, an rage wannan lokacin zuwa mintuna 12; Likitan kawai ya karanta kuma ya yarda da abun ciki. Haɗarin yana da ƙasa saboda rubutun ya yarda da likita.

Kashi na 2 (Yellow). Wani ɗan shekara 6, kare mai nauyin kilogiram 28 yana gabatar da amai da asarar ci. Likitan yana ba da anamnesis ga AI kuma ya ƙirƙira jerin abubuwan gano abubuwan 8-banbanci. Lissafin tunatarwa ne mai amfani, amma likita ya sami wuri mai raɗaɗi ta hanyar ƙwanƙwasa yayin bincike kuma yana ci gaba da gano asali a ƙasa a cikin jerin. AI ya haɓaka jerin; Likitan ya yanke shawarar.

Harka 3 (Red). Wani ma'aikaci yana tambayar AI adadin maganin kashe zafi don cat mai nauyin kilogiram 3.2, kuma AI yana ba da ƙimar kusa da adadin kare. Lokacin da likitan da ke da alhakin ya duba adadin daga abin da aka saka na hukuma, ya ga cewa ƙimar ta ninka sau 4 mafi girma ga cat. Dubawa sau biyu yana hana guba. Ba za a taba amincewa da AI a yankin ja ba.

Salon tabbatarwa da yawa

Tabbatarwa ba wani abu ba ne da za a jinkirta tunanin "zan duba shi daga baya"; wani bangare ne na tafiyar aiki. Tabbatacciyar tabbaci ta ƙunshi yadudduka biyar:

1. Komawa jarrabawa. Komai abin da AI ya ce, yanke shawara na ƙarshe ya dogara ne akan gwajin jiki da binciken asibiti.
2. Koma zuwa tushen. Idan AI ta ba da kashi, ƙimar tunani ko abu na tsari, tabbatar da wannan tare da rubutun hukuma (takardar fakiti, jagora na yanzu, doka).
3. Asusu mai zaman kansa. Sake ƙididdige sakamakon lambobi da hannunka, kamar kashi, ƙarar ruwa, adadin kuzari.
4. Nau'in/gwajin yanayi. Tabbatar da cewa shawarar ta dace da nau'in da aka yi niyya, nau'in, shekaru da yanayin yanayin jiki.
5. Bar alamar ku. Yi rikodin abin da aka inganta da kuma yadda; Bari a duba shi daga baya.

Alama: "AI ya ce" ba hujja ba ne. Dalili don yanke shawara na asibiti koyaushe shine jarrabawa, gwaji, jagora na yanzu ko ƙwararrun kimantawar likita. AI yana taimaka muku shirya waɗannan dalilai, baya maye gurbin su.

Keɓantawa, haƙƙin mallaka da ɗa'a

Bayanan dabbobi yana da mahimmanci. Suna, adireshin, bayanin lamba na mai haƙuri, tarihin asibiti na dabba, yawan aiki da bayanan cututtuka na kasuwanci; Duk waɗannan suna cikin iyakokin bayanan sirri ko sirrin kasuwanci. Kafin ba da wannan bayanan ga kayan aikin AI na tushen girgije, yi tambayoyi uku: Shin wannan bayanan yana da mahimmanci? Za a iya ɓoye sunansa? Shin kayan aikin da nake amfani da su suna amfani da bayanai a horo?

Akwai wani batun da'a: Kada ku ƙyale AI ta zama tushen shawarar likita kai tsaye ga mai haƙuri. Wani mai shi yana tambayar chatbot "menene zan ba kare na" da gudanar da maganin da bai dace ba yana sanya jindadin dabbobi cikin haɗari. Duk umarnin likita da aka ba mai shi dole ne ya bi ta wurin likita.

Mataki-mataki: Gabatar da AI cikin aminci cikin ɗawainiya

1. Sanya aikin a cikin yankin. Kore, rawaya ko ja?
2. A ɓoye sunan mahallin. Share ainihin suna, adireshin, bayanin lamba.
3. Ba da taƙaitaccen bayani. Rubuta a sarari nau'in, nauyi, shekaru, hani da tsari.
4. Yi la'akari da fitarwa a matsayin daftarin aiki. Kada kayi amfani da shi kamar samfurin ƙarshe.
5. Aiwatar da matakan tabbatarwa. Gwaji, tushen, asusun, nau'in, ganowa.
6. Yi rikodin hukuncin da dalilinsa.

Samfura huɗu masu kwafi

Matsayi: Kai ne mataimakin likitan dabbobi (samar da shaci kawai) .Task: Shirya DRAFT don [aiki] .Tsarin: Species [...], jinsi [...], shekaru [...], nauyi [...] kg, yanayin ilimin lissafi [...] .Dokar: Lakabi "TABBATA ANA BUKATAR" ga kowane kashi / darajar / abu ba ku da tabbacin. Doka: Yi ganewar asali da magani kawai bayar da zaɓi ga likita.Tsarin: A cikin maki, tare da hujja.

Aiki: LIST da'awar asibiti, kashi da ƙimar lambobi, shawarwarin da suka dogara da nau'in, da nassoshi na tsari a cikin rubutu mai zuwa. Ƙara "madogara da nau'in dole ne a tabbatar da su" ga kowane. Kada ku tabbatar da kanku.Text: [...]

Aiki: Rarraba wannan fitowar AI ta matakin haɗari daga hangen likitan dabbobi. Ga kowane abu: kore / rawaya / ja kuma ba da hujjar jumla ɗaya. Don abubuwan ja, rubuta "ana buƙatar ƙwararrun gwajin likita da amincewa". Fitowa: [...]

Aiki: Saka sunan mai haƙuri/mabuɗin rubutu a ƙasa. Sauya ainihin suna, adireshi, waya, lambar guntu da bayanin alama tare da [TAG]; adana ma'anar asibiti da nau'in / bayanan shekaru / nauyi. Rubutu: [...]

Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi

Rauni: "Me ya kamata mu ba wannan kare, ba da shawarar magani."

Güçlü: "6 shekaru, 28 kg, neutered namiji Golden Retriever; amai da asarar ci na kwanaki 2, zazzabi 39.6 ° C. Yi lissafin yiwuwar bambance-bambancen bambance-bambancen tare da dalilan su kuma rubuta abin da jarrabawar ta bambanta ga kowane. Likita zai ba da cikakken ganewar asali da sashi na ƙarshe, za a yanke shawarar ta hanyar jarrabawa da jarrabawa. "Rubuta game da abubuwan da suka dace da REQUD.

Nau'o'i, shekaru, nauyi, bincike da iyakoki ana ba da su a fili cikin hanzari mai ƙarfi; A bayyane yake inda AI zai tsaya.

Kuskuren gama gari

• Yin kuskuren fitar AI don ra'ayin likita. AI yana samar da zane-zane, baya tantancewa, baya yanke shawara.
• Ketare bambanci tsakanin nau'in. Shawarar cat daga bayanan kare na iya zama m.
• Amfani da allurai ba tare da tabbatar da tushen ba. Ya kamata a tabbatar da kowane kashi da ƙima daga fakitin hukuma / jagora.
• Ana loda mahimman bayanai kai tsaye. Bai kamata a ba mai shi da bayanan kasuwanci ba tare da ɓoye suna ba.
• Ban lura da hallucination ba. Duk da yake AI na iya zama kamar m, yana iya zama kuskure; Tabbatacce magana ba hujja ce ta gaskiya ba.

A takaice

AI shine mai haɓakawa na gaske a cikin likitan dabbobi, amma ba maye gurbin likita bane. Rarraba ayyuka zuwa yankunan kore, rawaya da ja; Yi sauri a kan kore, tabbatar da rawaya, kada ku ba AI magana ta ƙarshe akan ja. Koyaushe bincika bambanci tsakanin jinsuna. Yi la'akari da kowane fitarwa daftarin aiki kuma ku wuce ta tabbacciyar Layer biyar. Ɗauki sirri da ɗa'a da mahimmanci. Alhaki koyaushe yana kasancewa tare da ƙwararren likitan dabbobi; AI baya raba wannan alhakin.

Aikin aikace-aikace

Zaɓi ayyuka uku daga aikinku na yanzu (misali, rubuta rubutun fitarwa, jerin bambance-bambancen bincike, duba adadin magunguna). Raba kowanne a matsayin kore/rawaya/ja. Rubuta nau'ikan tabbatarwa da za ku yi amfani da su don ayyukan rawaya da ja da kuma inda za ku sami tabbacin aikin ja. Hakanan, nemo ku lura a cikin manufofin keɓaɓɓen kayan aikin AI da kuke amfani da shi ko yana amfani da bayanai a cikin horo.

jerin abubuwan dubawa

• [ ] Na sanya aikin a cikin yankin haɗari.
• [ ] Na ɓoye sunan mahallin (suna, adireshin, lambar sadarwa).
• [ ] Na bayyana a sarari nau'in, launin fata, shekaru, nauyi da yanayin yanayin jiki.
• [ ] Na ɗauki fitarwa azaman daftarin aiki.
• [ ] Na tabbatar da kashi/daraja/doka daga tushen hukuma.
• [ ] Na duba bambanci tsakanin nau'in.
• [ ] Na bar yanke shawara mai mahimmanci na aminci ga binciken likita da amincewa.
• [ ] Na ajiye alamar tabbatarwa.