Riba:
- Ikon ayyana dalilin da ya sa ba za a iya ba da izini ga ganewar asali, magani da shawarwarin magunguna zuwa ga hankali na wucin gadi da rawar da ya dace na amincewar likita
- Ƙarfin yin amfani da hankali na wucin gadi a cikin wannan filin kawai azaman riga-kafi, jeri da kayan aikin sadarwa a cikin iyakoki mai aminci
- Ikon aiwatar da yadda za a rufe shawarwarin AI mai aminci mai mahimmanci tare da ka'idar hukumar, kimantawar asibiti, da ingantaccen yarda.
Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman ƙwarewar sana'a na ma'aikacin jinya shine sanin ko yanke shawara yana cikin ikonsa ko na likita/kwararre. Wannan iyaka ba kawai aikin hukuma ba ne, shine tushen amincin haƙuri. A cikin shekarun basirar wucin gadi, wannan iyaka ya zama mafi mahimmanci: basirar wucin gadi yana magana sosai da tabbaci cewa mutum zai iya fada cikin tarkon tunanin cewa gwani ne. A cikin wannan rukunin, zaku koyi dalilin da yasa ba za a iya ba da shawarar yanke shawara mai mahimmancin aminci ga hankali na wucin gadi, aikin ƙwararrun likita/ƙwararren ƙwararru, da kuma yadda ake amfani da bayanan ɗan adam cikin aminci a cikin wannan filin. Ƙa'idar da ba za ta iya canzawa ba: Bincike, jiyya, magani da yanke shawara na asibiti mai mahimmanci na buƙatar ƙwararren likita / ƙwararren ƙwararren; Fitowar AI baya maye gurbin wannan amincewar.
Menene yanke shawara mai mahimmancin tsaro?
Shawara mai mahimmancin aminci shine wanda, idan ba daidai ba, zai iya haifar da mummunan lahani ga majiyyaci ko kuma ya jefa rayuwarsa cikin haɗari. A cikin mahallin reno, waɗannan yawanci suna cikin ra'ayin likita: yin ganewar asali, farawa ko canza magani, ba da umarnin magani da sashi, yanke shawara kan tiyata, yanke shawara kan fitarwa. Har ila yau, ma'aikacin jinya yana da abubuwan da suka dace na aminci: lura da cewa majiyyaci yana tabarbarewa, gane yanayin da ke buƙatar sa baki cikin gaggawa. Ana ciyar da waɗannan yanke shawara ta hanyar bayanai, amma mutane suna da faɗin ƙarshe.
Leken asiri na wucin gadi ba zai iya yin magana ta ƙarshe a cikin ɗayan waɗannan yanke shawara ba. Dalilin yana da sauƙi: basirar wucin gadi ba ya ganin mai haƙuri, ba ya ɗaukar nauyi, ba shi da lissafi kuma yana iya hallucinate. Barin ganewar asali, sashi, ko yanke shawara ga AI shine canja wurin alhaki ga ƙungiyar da ba za ta iya ɗaukar nauyi ba - wannan duka cikin ɗa'a ne kuma ba a yarda da doka ba.
Hankali: Ko ta yaya tabbataccen basirar wucin gadi ke bayyana yanke shawara, wannan baya nufin cewa yayi daidai ko mai iko. Fassara ba gwaninta ba ne. Ana rufe kowace yanke shawara mai mahimmancin aminci tare da kimantawa da amincewar ƙwararren likita/kwararre.
Matsayin aminci na basirar wucin gadi
Ba a cire AI gaba ɗaya daga yankin mai mahimmanci na tsaro; amma aikinsa yana da iyaka. Tabbatattun ayyuka sune:
- Pre-scanning: Tunatar da abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su a cikin tarin bayanai.
- Jerin abubuwan dubawa: Yin matakan bayyane waɗanda za a iya tsallake su.
- Kayan aikin sadarwa: Tsara rahoto ga likita da sadarwar haƙuri.
- Ƙungiyar Bayani: Sanya bayanan da aka tarwatsa cikin sigar da za a iya fahimta.
Babu ɗayan waɗannan ayyukan da ke yanke shawara; Dukansu suna shirya da sauƙaƙe shawarar mutum. Haɗarin shine a mayar da wannan aikin tallafi zuwa matsayin "yanke shawara".
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Madaidaicin iyaka. Wata ma'aikaciyar jinya ta tambayi AI don bayar da rahoton SBAR ga mara lafiya mai rauni, sannan ta kira likita. Likita ya yanke shawarar maganin. Hankalin wucin gadi ya hanzarta sadarwa; Shawarar ta kasance a wurin likitan. An zana iyakar daidai.
Case 2 - Juyawa mai haɗari. Wata ma'aikaciyar jinya ta tambayi basirar wucin gadi "menene ganewar asali kuma wane magani tare da waɗannan alamun?" da kuma ƙoƙarin aiwatar da shawarar ba tare da tuntuɓar likita ba. Ma'aikacin cajin yana shiga tsakani: ganewar asali da magani shine shawarar likita. Darasi: Shawarar AI ba ta maye gurbin tsari ba.
Hali na 3 - Tabbatar da rufewa. Wata ma'aikaciyar jinya ta lura da yiwuwar hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi wanda AI ta riga ta fara nunawa. Ya kawo wannan ga mai harhada magunguna da likitan ba a matsayin "yanke shawara" ba amma a matsayin "tambaya". Masana sun tantance kuma su yanke shawara. Leken asiri na wucin gadi ya ja hankali, mutane sun yanke shawara, kuma tsarin ya rufe tare da ingantaccen yarda.
Mataki-mataki: kashe shawarar AI mai mahimmancin tsaro
- Yi la'akari da shawarar azaman tambaya, ba yanke shawara ba. "AI ya nuna wannan" farawa ne.
- Ƙayyade ikon ku. Shin wannan shawarar ta ma'aikaciyar jinya ce ko ta likita/kwararre?
- Gwada tare da tushe da yarjejeniya. Shin shawarar ta dace da ilimin halin yanzu?
- Kai shi ga ƙwararren gwani. Bari likita/masanin harhada magunguna/kwararre ya tantance shi.
- Yi rikodin hukuncin da dalilinsa. Rufe tare da ingantaccen yarda.
- Ajiye AI a matsayin shiri kawai.
Samfura huɗu masu kwafi
Aiki: Alama lissafin PRE-SCAN na yiwuwar haɗarin da ke buƙatar kulawa a cikin binciken (wanda ba a sani ba) masu zuwa. Yin ganewar asali, bada shawarar magani; Ba kowane abu bayanin kula na "dole ne a koma ga kimantawar likita". Sakamakon: [...]
Aiki: Tsara bayanin da nake buƙatar isarwa ga likita don wannan halin haƙuri a cikin tsarin SBAR. Yin yanke shawara ko umarni; kawai shirya sadarwa. Halin: [...]
Aiki: Tunatar da ni azaman jerin matakan tsaro waɗanda ƙila a rasa yayin wannan aikin magani/yanke shawara. Shawarar ya rage nawa da ƙwararren gwani; Kuna kawai tunatar da ni matakan. Tsari: [...]
Aiki: Rarraba waɗannan shawarwarin basirar ɗan adam daga hangen ma'aikaciyar jinya: shin wannan shawarar tana cikin ikon ma'aikacin jinya, yana buƙatar amincewar likita/kwararre? Ga kowane abu, rubuta yankin hukuma da dalilin da ya sa yake buƙatar zuwa don amincewa. Shawara: [...]
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rauni: "Wane magani zan fara akan wannan majiyyaci?"
Güçlü: "Ka yi la'akari da abubuwan kulawa da nake buƙatar isarwa ga likita a cikin wadannan binciken da ba a san su ba a matsayin jerin abubuwan da aka riga aka tsara kuma ka ba kowannensu bayanin 'yana buƙatar kimantawar likita'. Kada ku yi ganewar asali, kada ku ba da shawarar magani. Burina shi ne shirya taron tare da likita; likita zai yanke shawara. "
A cikin hanzari mai ƙarfi, ana kiyaye hankali na wucin gadi a cikin aikin shiri; An bar shawarar a fili ga likita.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Kuskure iyawa don ƙwarewa. Amintaccen sautin AI ba iko ko daidaito ba ne.
- Sauya shawarar cikin tsari. Ganewa, jiyya da sashi suna ƙarƙashin ikon likita.
- Hukuncin ruɗani. Sanin wane yanke shawara wanene lafiyar haƙuri.
- Tsallake matakin tabbatarwa. Shawara mai mahimmancin tsaro yana rufewa tare da ingantaccen tabbaci.
- Juya aikin goyan baya zuwa matsayin yanke shawara. Pre-screening ba yanke shawara ba ne.
Abin da ma'aikacin jinya ta mallaka: shawara
Ka'idar cancantar yarda ba ta juyar da ma'aikaciyar jinya zuwa ma'aikacin da ba ta dace ba. Akasin haka, aikin ƙwararrun ma'aikacin jinya shine na bayar da shawarwarin haƙuri: tsayawa da tambaya, da ƙiyayya idan ya cancanta, lokacin da oda ko yanke shawara zai iya cutar da majiyyaci. Misali, idan adadin ya yi kamar ba a saba gani ba, ma’aikaciyar jinya ba ta gudanar da shi a makance saboda an ce ta “ba da wannan”; Ya tambayi likita ya nemi tabbaci. Wannan duka iko ne da alhakin ma'aikacin jinya. AI na iya goyan bayan wannan shawarwari: zai iya riga-kafin allo kuma ya jawo hankalin ma'aikacin jinya zuwa sassan tsari wanda ya zama sabon abu. Amma ma'aikacin jinya yana nuna yanke shawara da ƙarfin hali don tambaya.
Anan AI yana taka rawa mai ban sha'awa biyu: a gefe guda, yana iya tunatar da ma'aikacin jinya game da haɗarin da zai iya rasa, amma a gefe guda, bai kamata ya maye gurbin ilimin likitancin kansa ba. Ma'auni mafi koshin lafiya shine amfani da AI azaman ido na biyu wanda ke tabbatarwa ko ƙalubalantar tunanin ku, amma barin magana ta ƙarshe ga hukuncin ku da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun.
Tarkon son zuciya ta atomatik
Son zuciya ta atomatik hali ne ga mutane su amince da fitar da na'ura ko software fiye da yadda suke yanke hukunci. A cikin kiwon lafiya, wannan yana da haɗari: ana iya gwada ma'aikaciyar jinya don bin shawarar AI da ke fitowa akan allon, koda kuwa nata lura ya gaya mata in ba haka ba. Maganin wannan tarko shine sanya AI a matsayin "mataimaki" maimakon "iko". Lokacin da AI ya ba da shawarar wani abu, dole ne mutum ya yi tambaya a hankali, "To, shin wannan ya dace da wannan majinyacin, shin ya saba wa abin da na gani?" Lokacin da abin lura na asibiti ya ci karo da AI, dogara da abin lura da ku ta tsohuwa kuma kimanta halin da ake ciki tare da ƙwararren ƙwararren. Kawai saboda na'ura tana da ƙarfin gwiwa ba yana nufin ba ku da gaskiya. Wannan shakku mai hankali shine mafi mahimmancin al'adar ƙwararru na amintaccen amfani da AI.
Tukwici: Don a hanzarta sanin ko yanke shawara “yana da mahimmanci,” ka tambayi kanka: “Shin majiyyaci zai yi lahani da ba za a iya jurewa ba idan wannan bai dace ba?” Idan amsar ita ce "eh" ko "wataƙila", wannan shawarar tana cikin yankin ja kuma yana buƙatar ƙwararriyar amincewar ƙwararru; AI shiri ne kawai a can. Wannan tambaya mai sauƙi ita ce kamfas mai sauri kuma abin dogaro a cikin ayyukan yau da kullun. Kamfas na biyu shine: "Idan na kare wannan shawarar, menene hujjata?" Idan kawai hujjar ku ita ce "AI ta ba da shawarar wannan", dakatar; Tabbatar da ku koyaushe ya zama ƙa'idar hukuma, tsari, shaida ko kimantawar asibiti. Wadannan tambayoyi guda biyu sune hanya mafi dacewa don zana iyakar daidai.
a takaice
Tsare-tsare masu mahimmancin aminci - bincike, jiyya, magani, fitarwa, ƙima na lalacewa-lokacin da ba daidai ba, yana haifar da lahani mara jurewa kuma yana buƙatar ƙwararren likita/ƙwararren ƙwararren. Artificial intelligence cannot have the final say in these decisions because it does not see the patient, does not take responsibility and may hallucinate. Matsayin aminci na AI shine riga-kafi, tantancewa, sadarwa da ƙungiyar bayanai. Canza aikin taimako zuwa matsayin yanke shawara shine kuskure mafi haɗari; Ana rufe kowace shawara-mai mahimmancin tsaro tare da ingantaccen yarda.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Zaɓi misalin yanke shawara mai mahimmancin aminci daga aikin ku (misali, canjin kashi na magani, ƙima na lalacewa). Ƙirƙirar kwarara inda kuke amfani da AI kawai a cikin rawar shirye-shirye a cikin wannan tsari: a wane mataki na riga-kafi, a wane mataki sadarwa, a wane mataki da ya dace. Rubuta a cikin sakin layi dalilin da ya sa basirar wucin gadi ba za ta iya yanke shawara ba kuma wanene ya yarda.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na ƙaddara ikon yanke hukunci.
- [ ] Na ɗauki shawarar basirar ɗan adam a matsayin tambaya, ba yanke shawara ba.
- [ ] Na gwada shawarar tare da tushe da yarjejeniya.
- [ ] Na isar da mahimmin shawarar aminci ga ƙwararren likita/kwararre.
- [ ] Na kiyaye AI a cikin aikin shiri kawai.
- [ ] Na rubuta hukuncin da hujjarsa.
- [ ] Ban faɗa cikin tarko na kuskuren ƙware don ƙwarewa ba.