Riba:
- Ikon samar da rubutun da ke tsaftacewa da ganin sigina, log da bayanan telemetry tare da Python, tare da tallafin AI
- Ƙarfin gane ingancin bayanai, koyan koyo da hatsarori yayin gina tsinkaye mai sauƙi da ƙirar ƙima
- Ikon tabbatar da lambar AI da aka samar da sakamako tare da sarrafa naúrar, bayanan tunani, da ƙwarewar injiniya
Gwajin Module
1. Ma'aikacin ɗalibi ya tambayi kayan aikin hira na AI don wadatar da ake buƙata na yanzu don LNA (ƙananan ƙararrawa) kuma ya rubuta sakamakon sakamakon '15 mA' kai tsaye cikin teburin kasafin kuɗi na wutar lantarki. Menene babban kuskure a cikin wannan hanya?
- A) ƙimar halin yanzu dole ne ta fito daga takaddar bayanan da yanayin aiki na ɓangaren da aka zaɓa; Adadin da AI ya ƙirƙira na iya zama ƙirƙira da ba a samo asali ba ✔
- B) Ya kamata a nemi AI a cikin µA maimakon mA
- C) Ƙimar daidai take, rubutun naúrar kawai yakamata a gyara shi
- D) Ya isa ya tambayi AI wannan tambaya sau uku kuma ya ɗauki matsakaici
Bayani: Samfurin yare bai san takardar bayanan takamaiman ɓangaren da kuka zaɓa ba; yana samar da lamba mai alama (hallucination). A halin yanzu wadata yana zuwa ne kawai daga takardar bayanai da yanayin aiki na ɓangaren da aka yi amfani da shi; Fitowar AI ba zai iya shigar da tebur ba tare da inganci ba.
2. Menene 'rarrabuwar tushen haɗari' ke ba da damar amfani da AI a aikin lantarki/ sadarwa?
- A) Rage kuɗin biyan kuɗi na kayan aikin AI
- B) Ƙayyade rawar AI da zurfin tabbaci na wajibi bisa ga matakin haɗarin aikin ✔
- C) Ya kamata a rubuta gajarta
- D) Wakilta ta atomatik duk yanke shawara ga AI
Bayani: Ba kowane manufa ba ne a matakin haɗari iri ɗaya. Rarraba aikin a matsayin ƙananan / matsakaici / babba / mahimmanci yana ƙayyade wane fitarwa za a iya amfani da shi kyauta kuma wanda ke buƙatar ma'auni, kwaikwayo da ƙwararren injiniya.
3. Menene ma'aunin samfurin Nyquist ya ce a cikin sarrafa sigina kuma menene zai faru idan aka keta shi?
- A) Mitar samfurin dole ne ta kasance aƙalla sau biyu mafi girma; In ba haka ba, aliasing zai faru kuma siginar za ta zama marar jujjuyawa ✔
- B) Ƙananan mitar samfurin, mafi girman ƙuduri
- C) Ana buƙatar samfurin kawai don siginar analog, ba dijital ba
- D) Ma'aunin Nyquist yana ƙayyade matakin ƙara kawai
Bayani: Don dawo da sigina daidai, mitar samfur dole ne ta kasance aƙalla sau biyu mafi girman mitar siginar. Idan wannan yanayin bai cika ba, ƙananan mitoci suna bayyana azaman ƙananan mitoci; Ana kiran wannan aliasing kuma bayanan sun lalace har abada.
4. Menene mafi kyawun tsarin kula yayin da AI ke ba da shawarar shimfidar PCB?
- A) Aika AI da aka ba da shawarar shimfidar wuri kai tsaye zuwa samarwa
- B) Kimanta tsari a matsayin jerin abubuwan dubawa/farawa don tabbatarwa ta DRC, simulation da ma'aunin samfuri ✔
- C) Kwafi AI rubutu ba tare da buɗe bayanan bayanan ba
- D) Yin watsi da ka'idodin amincin sigina saboda AI ya ƙi su
Bayani: AI na iya tunawa da tsarin gabaɗaya da ka'idodin amincin sigina ( gajeriyar hanya ta dawowa, jirgin sama mai tunani, ƙaddamar da sanya capacitor); duk da haka, an tabbatar da shimfidar ƙarshe ta DRC (duba ƙa'idar ƙira), ƙirar ƙira da ma'aunin samfuri. Fitar AI shine lissafin dubawa da farawa.
5. Menene 'EIRP' ke nufi a cikin kasafin kuɗin haɗin gwiwar RF?
- A) Ingantacciyar wutar lantarki, wanda ke haɗa ƙarfin mai watsawa da ribar eriya ta hanyar cire asarar ✔
- B) Cikakken ƙimar benen amo a mai karɓa
- C) Girman jiki na eriya
- D) Halayen tauyewar kebul
Bayani: EIRP (Ingantacciyar Isotropic Radiated Power) ita ce ingantacciyar wutar lantarki da ke haskakawa ta eriyar isotropic, haɗe tare da ƙarfin fitarwa na mai watsawa da ribar eriya, ban da asarar kebul / mai haɗawa. Kasafin kuɗi na haɗin gwiwa da ƙayyadaddun tsari sun dogara da EIRP; Ana tabbatar da ƙimar ƙarshe ta hanyar aunawa da tsari.
6. Menene ma'anar lokacin da AI ya sami 'anomaly' a cikin zafin jiki da kuma bayanan yanzu a cikin kulawar tsinkaya?
- A) Tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin sun gaza
- B) Gargadi cewa bayanan sun karkata daga al'ada; Ba tabbataccen ganewar kuskure ba, amma alamar da ke buƙatar tabbatar da binciken filin ✔
- C) Yi oda cewa yakamata a rufe kayan aikin ta atomatik
- D) Tabbatar cewa an yi rikodin bayanan ba daidai ba
Bayani: Anomaly shine karkacewar bayanai daga halayen al'ada kuma yana iya nuna rashin aiki; amma ba tabbataccen ganewar asali ba ne. An yanke shawarar kashe ko maye gurbin katin / kayan aiki tare da kulawa ta jiki akan rukunin yanar gizon da amincewar mai sarrafa ayyuka.
7. Wanne ya wajaba don tsaro / kwanciyar hankali kafin loda lambar sabis na katsewa na yau da kullun (ISR) na AI-rubuta cikin hardware?
- A) Sanya kai tsaye zuwa na'urori a cikin filin ba tare da karanta lambar ba
- B) Kawai duba cewa an haɗa shi kuma shigar da shi
- C) Karanta lambar, wucewa ta hanyar bincike na tsaye, bincika bayanan da aka raba / tsaro na lokaci da gwada shi akan hardware ✔
- D) Dogaro da ƙananan layukan fitarwa
Bayani: Lambobin AI na iya tsallake kariyar masu canji da aka raba (marasa ƙarfi/atomicity), sanya dogon aiki / toshe aiki a cikin ISR, ko amfani da rijista mara kyau. Yana da mahimmanci don karanta lambar, gudanar da shi ta hanyar bincike mai mahimmanci, da gwada shi a cikin ainihin yanayi akan kayan aiki; ISR na iya zama mahimmancin tsaro.
8. Menene dangantaka ta yau da kullum tsakanin BER (bit kuskure) da SNR (siginar-to-amo rabo) a cikin sadarwar dijital kuma menene ya kamata AI ya tuna lokacin fassara shi?
- A) Su biyun suna karuwa tare
- B) Babu wata alaka a tsakaninsu
- C) Gabaɗaya, yayin da SNR ke ƙaruwa, BER yana raguwa; ainihin ƙimar sun dogara ne akan daidaitawa, tashoshi da coding kuma dole ne a tabbatar da su ta hanyar siminti/ma'auni ✔
- D) Alakar tana dawwama kuma tana da ƙimar ƙima ɗaya a cikin dukkan tsarin
Bayani: Gabaɗaya, yayin da SNR ke ƙaruwa, BER yana raguwa (kuskure yana raguwa yayin da siginar ke ƙara ƙarfi dangane da amo). AI na iya yin bayanin wannan yanayin gabaɗaya da ɗimbin ka'idoji, amma ainihin ƙimar sun dogara da nau'in daidaitawa, tashar, coding da kayan masarufi kuma dole ne a tabbatar da su ta hanyar kwaikwayo / aunawa; Babban lanƙwasa baya maye gurbin takamaiman takamaiman tsarin.
9. Menene mafi dacewa amfani lokacin warware matsalar sadarwa ta I2C (na'urar ba ta amsawa) tare da AI?
- A) Jera abubuwan da za a iya yi a cikin jerin hasashe; Yin takamaiman ganewar asali tare da ma'aunin analyzer/oscilloscope ✔
- B) Karɓar dalilin farko da AI ya bayar a matsayin tabbataccen kuskure kuma maye gurbin kayan aikin.
- C) Load da lambar da AI ta ba da shawara sau da yawa ba tare da taɓa auna layin ba
- D) Tsallake ma'aunin nazari da dogaro kawai da hasashen AI
Bayani: AI na iya fitar da dalilai masu yiwuwa (adireshin da ba daidai ba, rashin tsayayyar cirewa, rashin daidaituwar sauri, rashin ma'anar gama gari, jayayya) azaman jerin tsararru na hasashe. Duk da haka, ana yin ganewar asali ta hanyar auna layi tare da na'urar nazari ko oscilloscope; Fitowar AI taswirar bincike ne, ba tabbataccen ganewar asali ba.
10. A cikin inganta hanyar sadarwar salula, menene mafi daidaitaccen hali ga alamar 'lalata' da AI ta gano a cikin yanayin RSRP / SINR?
- A) Canza sigogin cibiyar sadarwa kai tsaye dangane da fitarwar AI
- B) Yi watsi da gargaɗin kuma ci gaba da kallo
- C) Tabbatar da tushen dalilin ta hanyar auna filin / gwajin tuƙi da nazarin injiniyan hanyar sadarwa, sannan yanke shawara ✔
- D) Dogaro da AI kawai da soke ma'aunin filin
Bayani: Yana iya da wuri sigina yiwuwar ɗaukar hoto / batun tsangwama a cikin yanayin AI KPI; duk da haka, tushen tushen (ƙarƙashin eriya, tsangwama ta cell makwabta, gazawar hardware) an ƙaddara ta hanyar auna filin / gwajin tuƙi da bincike ta injiniyan cibiyar sadarwa. Fitowar AI shine faɗakarwar dubawa, ba yanke shawarar canza siga ba.
11. Wace hanya ce mafi dacewa don magance mafita da AI (misali ƙara beads ferrite) a cikin binciken EMC/EMI?
- A) Bayyana samfurin da ya dace kai tsaye bayan amfani da shawarar AI
- B) Yi la'akari da shawarar azaman yuwuwar hasashe mafita kuma tabbatar da ita tare da ma'auni bisa ga ma'auni mai iyaka a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da aka amince da shi. ✔
- C) Gyara daidaitattun iyakoki tare da ƙimar da AI ta bayar
- D) Tsallake ma'auni da dogaro kawai akan siminti
Bayani: AI na iya tunawa da yiwuwar tsangwama hanyoyin da mafita na yau da kullun (tace, garkuwa, ƙasa, sarrafa kebul). Koyaya, an yanke shawarar dacewa ta hanyar aunawa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da aka yarda bisa ga ma'auni (misali CISPR/EN); Fitowar AI shine hasashe na farko, ba bayanin dacewa ba.
12. Wace hanya ce mafi ƙarfi don hana AI daga samun abin da aka keɓance (hallucinatory) lokacin da kuka tambaye shi ga ɓangaren/lambar adadin ma'auni kamar 3GPP ko IEEE 802.11?
- A) Dogaro da lambar abu da ƙimar tebur da AI ta bayar
- B) sake yin tambaya iri ɗaya da kalmomi daban-daban
- C) Kallon dandalin tattaunawa maimakon ma'auni
- D) Buɗewa da tabbatar da kowane tunani daga rubutun hukuma na yanzu na daidaitaccen (daidaitaccen Saki / sigar) da samun izini mai izini idan ya cancanta ✔
Bayani: Ko da samfurin harshe ya san sunan daidaitaccen daidai, yana iya halalta lambar sashe, ƙimar tebur, da rubutu; Bugu da ƙari, ƙima sun bambanta tsakanin sakewa. Dole ne a buɗe kowane tunani kuma a tabbatar da shi daga rubutun hukuma na yanzu kuma, idan ya cancanta, dole ne a sami izinin mutum mai izini.
13. Menene mafi mahimmanci dubawa kafin gudanar da rubutun nazarin siginar Python wanda AI ya rubuta?
- A) Karanta lambar da tabbatar da daidaiton samfurin / raka'a, gwaji tare da siginar da aka sani da kuma duba ingancin sakamakon ✔
- B) Gudanar da lambar kai tsaye a kan dukkan bayanan da aka saita ba tare da karanta shi ba
- C) Kawai ganin babu kuskure da karbar sakamakon
- D) Dogaro da zanen fitarwa don zama kyakkyawa na gani
Bayani: Lambar AI na iya yin kuskuren ɗaukar mitar samfur, raka'a gauraya (Hz/kHz, V/mV), tsallake taga / daidaitawa, ko ginshiƙan rashin daidaituwa. Yana da mahimmanci don karanta lambar, tabbatar da naúrar da sigogin samfuri, gwada tare da sanannen siginar tunani, da kuma bincika ko sakamakon yana da kyau a zahiri.
14. Menene mafi kyawun aikin aiki dangane da sirrin sirri da dukiya lokacin samar da fayilolin ƙira ko bayanan cibiyar sadarwar abokin ciniki zuwa kayan aikin AI na tushen girgije?
- A) Manna duk ɗanyen ƙirar ƙira / raga kamar yadda yake
- B) Rashin sanin mahallin da tsaftataccen ƙira / abokin ciniki / bayanan ma'auni da amfani da kamfani, kayan aikin da suka dace da manufofin ✔
- C) Yin ɗauka cewa samar da ainihin abokin ciniki da bayanin IP yana da mahimmanci don ingancin sakamako
- D) Yin watsi da tsare sirri da manufofin mallakar fasaha kwata-kwata
Bayani: Fayilolin tsari/PCB, tushen firmware, topology na abokin ciniki da bayanan masu biyan kuɗi / ma'auni suna da mahimmanci dangane da sirrin kasuwanci da doka (KVKK/GDPR). Wajibi ne a ɓoye sunan mahallin, share ainihin IP / MAC / daidaitawa / sunayen abokin ciniki, zaɓi kayan aiki na kamfanoni da manufofin da kuma bi manufofin kamfani.