Riba:
- Fahimtar tasirin nauyin nauyi akan man fetur / kewayon, hayaki da aiki da ma'aunin ma'auni da yawa a zaɓin kayan aiki
- Ikon yin amfani da hankali na wucin gadi da aka tsara a cikin bayanan bayanai na kayan aiki, haɓaka maƙasudi da yawa da haɓakar topology
- Ikon tabbatar da shawarwarin kayan AI tare da kayan aikin injiniya, ƙira, farashi da buƙatun aminci
Nauyin abin hawa yana rinjayar kusan kowane ma'auni na aikinta: amfani da man fetur, kewayon yanayin abin abin hawan lantarki, hanzari, nisan birki, halayen kusurwa da hayaki. Mummunar ƙa'idar babban yatsa: rage nauyin motar fasinja da kashi 10% na iya inganta yawan mai da kusan 6-8%. Shi ya sa rage nauyi yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmanci da ƙalubalen ƙalubale a aikin injiniyan motoci. A cikin wannan rukunin, za mu ga yanayin zaɓin abubuwa da yawa, yadda AI ke taimakawa a cikin wannan zaɓin, kuma me yasa shawarar AI kaɗai ba ta isa ba.
Me yasa ragewa ke da wahala? Ma'auni mai yawa
Yana da sauƙi a ce "kawai zaɓi abu mai sauƙi", amma ainihin ɓangaren dole ne ya cika buƙatu da yawa lokaci guda:
- Ƙarfi da tsauri: Dole ne ya iya ɗaukar kaya kuma kada ya shimfiɗa.
- Juriya ga gajiya: Bai kamata ya fashe a ƙarƙashin maimaita nauyi na shekaru ba.
- Crashworthiness: Dole ne ya sha makamashi daidai lokacin da wani hatsari ya faru. Lighter ba koyaushe ya fi aminci ba.
- Manufacturability: Za a iya simintin gyare-gyare, injina, welded, gyare-gyare?
- Farashin: Material + samarwa + taro.
- Lalata da karko: Shekaru na gishirin hanya, zafi, zafi.
- Sake amfani da kuma dorewa.
Wani abu na iya zama mai girma a cikin ma'auni ɗaya kuma mara kyau a wani. Misali, fiber fiber na carbon yana da haske da ƙarfi, amma yana da tsada, yana da wuyar gyarawa, kuma yana ɗaukar kuzari a cikin karo ta hanyar “karya” maimakon “yanke” kamar ƙarfe; wannan yana buƙatar zane daban.
Kayan kayan nauyi na yau da kullun na mota
Kayan abu
karfi batu
rauni
Karfe mai ƙarfi (AHSS)
Mai arha, mai ƙarfi, balagagge
babban yawa
aluminum gami
Mai nauyi, mai jure lalata
Mai tsada, mai wahalar walda/hada
magnesium
haske sosai
Mai tsada, haɗarin lalata da flammability
Fiber Carbon (CFRP)
Matsakaicin ƙarfi/nauyi
Yayi tsada sosai, gyare-gyare/ karo mai rikitarwa
filastik / hadawa
Mai nauyi, 'yancin siffar
Ƙayyadaddun zafin jiki / juriya
Lura: Wannan tebur ɗin gabaɗaya ne; Mahimman ƙima sun bambanta ta alloy da aikace-aikace kuma yakamata a tabbatar dasu daga takaddar bayanan kayan aiki na hukuma.
Ta yaya AI ke taimakawa wajen zaɓin kayan?
- Binciken bayanan kayan aiki: Tace dubban kayan bisa ga ka'idojin da aka bayar da jerin sunayen 'yan takara.
- Haɓaka maƙasudi da yawa: Nemo "iyakar Pareto" (mafi kyawun tsarin ciniki inda ba za ku iya inganta ɗayan ba tare da inganta ɗayan ba) tsakanin maƙasudai masu karo da juna kamar nauyi, farashi da ƙarfi.
- Haɓaka Topology: Cire kayan da ba dole ba daga sashi da samar da lissafi wanda ke ba da ƙarfi iri ɗaya tare da ƙarancin taro (masu alaƙa da ƙira ta ƙira a cikin naúrar 2).
- Hasashen dukiya: Hasashen kaddarorin sabon abun da ke ciki na gami (kimiyyar kayan aiki + koyon injin).
Tukwici: Kada ka gaya wa AI don "bayar da mafi kyawun abu"; Ka ce, "Jeri 3 da suka dace da 'yan takara da cinikayya ga kowane a ƙarƙashin waɗannan matsalolin (ƙarfi, samarwa, farashi, lalata)." Ma'auni ɗaya zai iya kai ku ga zaɓin da ke da aminci amma ba shi da amfani ko haɗari.
Me yasa za a inganta shawarar kayan AI?
Wani AI na iya cewa "canza wannan sashi daga aluminum zuwa magnesium kuma zai zama haske 33%." Wannan jimla ce da ke kallon ma'auni kawai. Abubuwan da za a tabbatar:
- Kaddarorin injina: Shin ƙarfin amfanin amfanin gona da yanayin elasticity na magnesium sun isa wannan kaya?
- Gajiya: Shin yana saduwa da rayuwa a ƙarƙashin nauyin maimaitawa?
- karo: Shin wannan yanki yana cikin hanyar karo? Shin akwai haɗarin halayen ɓarna daban-daban?
- Ƙirƙirar masana'antu: Shin layin simintin gyare-gyare/machining na yanzu zai iya ɗaukar magnesium?
- Lalacewa: Magnesium yana da haɗari ga lalata galvanic; Shin hulɗa da sassan makwabta matsala ce?
- Kudin: Kayan ya fi tsada; Shin jimlar kasuwancin yana da ma'ana?
- Gwajin jiki: Hujja ta ƙarshe koyaushe ita ce gwajin samfuri.
Lura: "Lighter" kadai ba ma'aunin karɓa ba ne. Ana yin nauyi mai sauƙi ba tare da taɓa rage aminci da buƙatun dorewa ba. Canjin abu dole ne ya sake wuce duk gwaje-gwaje masu dacewa (gajiya, tasiri, muhalli).
Karamin karatu
Case 1 - Mai girma akan takarda, matsala a filin. Ƙungiya tana canza sashin na'ura mai kwakwalwa daga aluminum zuwa magnesium tare da shawarar AI; taro ya ragu da kashi 30%. A cikin gwajin samfuri, lalata galvanic yana farawa a wurin tuntuɓar sashin tare da makullin ƙarfe kusa da. Lokacin da aka ƙara flake da sutura, farashin yana ƙaruwa kuma riba ta ragu. Ƙarshe: Riba mai yawa na gaske ne, amma ba tare da lalatawa da tabbatar da farashi ba yanke shawara bai cika ba.
Hali na 2 - Crash mamaki. Don ɓangaren tsayin tsayi na gaba (rail dogo), AI yana ba da shawarar ƙaramin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi; a tsaye ƙarfi yayi kyau. Amma a cikin simulation na karo, ɓangaren yana ɗaukar kuzari ba ta hanyar murƙushewa kamar “kwarya” mai sarrafawa ba, amma ta lanƙwasa da ƙarfi; Wannan yana nufin ƙarin bugu ga majalisar ministoci. Ana gyara ƙirar ta ƙara mai ƙaddamar da murkushewa. Kammalawa: Ƙarfin tsaye bai isa ba; Tabbacin daban na halayen karo.
Hali na 3 - Topology ingantawa riba. Ana sake fasalin shingen dakatarwa tare da inganta yanayin topology; 22% taro yana raguwa, rarraba damuwa yana inganta. Amma ba za a iya samar da sakamakon joometry na halitta ba tare da simintin gyare-gyare na yanzu. Lokacin da aka ƙara ƙuntatawar masana'anta zuwa haɓakawa da sake gudu, ana samun ƙirar simintin gyare-gyare tare da riba 17%. Ƙarshe: Dole ne a gabatar da ƙira daga farko a matsayin ƙuntatawa ingantawa.
m samfuri
Samfura 1 - Nuna kayan ɗan takara:
Matsayi: Kai injiniyan kayan aiki ne. Aiki: Ba da shawarar kayan ɗan takara guda 3 don maƙasudi kuma kwatanta cinikinsu. Ma'anar: Matsayin tsaye 4 kN + girgiza; batun lalata (yankin ƙafa); simintin samarwa na yanzu; Rage taro mai niyya.Tuni: Ba kawai haske ba; Ƙimar ƙarfi, gajiya, lalata, ƙira da farashi tare; Kar a da'awar ainihin ƙimar, nuna tabbaci daga takaddar bayanai.Fitowa: Material | kari | rage | Teburin gwaji don tabbatarwa.
Samfura na 2 - Ma'auni na gaba ɗaya:
Matsayi: Kai mashawarcin ingantawa ne. Aiki: Bayyana ciniki-kashe tsakanin nauyi-farashin-ƙarfin. Mahimmanci: Ƙididdiga (wanda ba a sani ba) ƙididdiga don kayan ɗan takara 3. Ƙuntatawa: Bayyana ma'anar Pareto a sauƙaƙe; Ƙayyade wanne zaɓi ne ke da ma'ana da wanne fifiko.Fitowa: Yanayin fifiko | dan takarar da aka ba da shawarar | dalili.
Samfura na 3 - Saitin inganta haɓakar Topology:
Matsayi: Kai kwararre ne na inganta tsarin. Aiki: Rubuta daftarin ma'anar inganta matsalar topology don sashi. Ma'anar: 3 haɗin haɗin gwiwa an gyara su, akwai ƙarar da aka haramta, kayan da aka jefa aluminium, samarwa yana jefawa. Ƙuntatawa: Ƙara ƙirƙira (kusurwar fitowar simintin, ƙaramar kaurin bango) azaman ƙuntatawa daga farkon. Fitowa: Load | takura | manufa | samar da ƙuntataccen tebur.
Samfurin 4 - Tsarin Tabbatarwa:
Matsayi: Kai ne injiniyan tabbatarwa. Aiki: Haɓaka shirin gwajin da ake buƙata don canjin abu. Magana: An ba da shawarar canzawa daga aluminum zuwa magnesium; Bangaren yana ƙarƙashin nauyin rawar jiki kuma ƙarfe yana hulɗa da ɓangaren da ke kusa da shi.Fitowa: Gwaji (gajiya / lalata / haɗari ...) | dalili | sharuɗɗan yarda | fifiko.
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rawanin faɗakarwa:
Sunan abu mafi sauƙi don wannan yanki.
Ma'auni ɗaya (haske) na iya kai ku zuwa zaɓi mara aminci ko mara ƙirƙira.
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:
Matsayi: Kai injiniyan kayan aiki ne da ƙira. Aiki: Ba da shawarar zaɓuka 3 don haskaka shingen dakatarwa kuma bayyana buƙatar tabbatarwa kowane. Ma'anar: Ƙaƙwalwar rawar jiki, ƙarƙashin lalata, samar da simintin gyare-gyare, dole ne a kiyaye yanayin aminci aƙalla 1.5, ba a cikin hanyar karo ba. Ƙuntatawa: Ƙarfin nauyi, gajiya, lalata, samarwa da farashi tare da haske; kar a ayyana kowane shawarwari 'lafiya' ba tare da gwada su ba.Fitowa: Zaɓi | kiyasin albashi | kasadar | tebur gwajin da ake buƙata.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Yanke shawara tare da ma'auni ɗaya (mai sauƙi). Zaɓin kayan abu yana da ma'auni masu yawa.
- Mantawa da halayen haɗari. Ƙarfin tsaye bai isa ba; Shan makamashi wani buƙatu ne daban.
- Barin ƙirƙira ya dore. Mafi kyawun abin da ba za a iya samarwa ba shi ne mafi kyau.
- Ketare lalata/mu'amalar galvanic. Tuntuɓi tsakanin ƙarfe daban-daban yana haifar da sababbin matsaloli.
- Tsallake gwajin jiki. Riba akan takarda hasashe ne har sai an tabbatar da gwajin samfuri.
a takaice
- Hasken nauyi kai tsaye yana rinjayar man fetur/kewaye, aiki da hayaki amma ma'auni ne da yawa.
- Zaɓin kayan aiki yana la'akari da ƙarfi, gajiya, tasiri, ƙira, lalata da farashi.
- AI shine mataimaki mai ƙarfi a cikin gwajin kayan aiki, haɓaka maƙasudi da yawa da haɓakar topology.
- "Mafi haske" kadai ba ma'aunin karba ba ne; Kowane canji dole ne ya sake yin duk gwajin da ya dace.
- Ƙarshen hujja ita ce gwajin jiki; Shawarar AI ita ce hasashe har sai an tabbatar da ita.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Zaɓi wani sashi (misali kofa na ciki). (1) Lissafin duk ma'auni (ƙarfi, gajiya, karo, ƙirƙira, lalata, farashi) wanda wannan ɓangaren dole ne ya cika. (2) Ɗauki samfuri na 1 da 3 kayan ɗan takara da cinikin su. (3) Ƙirƙiri tsarin tabbatarwa tare da Samfura 4 don ɗan takara. (4) Bayyana ainihin dalilai guda uku da ya sa “mai sauƙi” kaɗai bai isa ba.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na jera duk buƙatun (ba ma'auni kaɗai) na ɓangaren ba.
- [ ] Na kimanta halayen haɗari a matsayin ma'auni daban.
- [ ] Na ƙara masana'anta azaman takura daga farkon.
- [ ] Na bincika don tsangwama / tsangwama na galvanic.
- [ ] Na shirya gwaje-gwajen tabbatarwa don kowane canjin abu.
- [] Na kafa yanke shawara na ƙarshe akan shaidar gwajin jiki.