Riba:
- Ikon kafa aikin bincike na Python na ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe daga bayanai don bayar da rahoto tare da taimakon basirar wucin gadi
- Ikon tabbatar da lambar da aka ƙirƙira dangane da dacewa da naúrar, zubewa da sakewa
- Ikon sanya ɗa'a, sirri, tsaro ta yanar gizo da iyakokin alhakin injiniya a cikin ayyukan makamashi
Gwajin Module
1. Wanne daga cikin waɗannan shine ainihin ƙa'idar da ke ƙayyade haɗarin fitowar AI a cikin injiniyan tsarin makamashi?
- A) Haɗarin fitarwa daidai yake da cutarwar da zai haifar idan wannan fitarwa ta yi kuskure; ma'aunin tabbatarwa daidai ✔
- B) Fitowar AI gabaɗaya lafiya ce kamar yadda aka rubuta shi da kyau da tabbaci
- C) Tabbatarwa ba dole ba ne lokacin da aka yi amfani da mafi yawan samfurin yanzu
- D) Idan fitarwa tana nufin ma'auni, ba a buƙatar ƙarin iko
Bayani: Haɗarin fitarwa daidai yake da cutarwar da zai haifar idan wannan fitowar ta yi kuskure. Yayin da ƙaramin kuskure a cikin rubutun gabatarwa na iya zama mara lahani, kuskure a cikin saitin kariyar relay ko yanke shawarar loda taswira na iya haifar da lalacewar kayan aiki, ƙarewa da haɗarin lafiyar rayuwa; don haka tabbatarwa ƙarfin ma'auni tare da yuwuwar cutarwa.
2. Menene ramin da ya fi dacewa lokacin shirya bayanan jerin lokutan makamashi tare da hankali na wucin gadi kuma wanda ya fi karkatar da sakamakon?
- A) Zaɓin launuka masu hoto mara daidai
- B) Yankin lokaci, lokacin adana hasken rana da rikicewar alamar lokaci ✔
- C) Sunan fayil yayi tsayi da yawa
- D) Ajiye bayanai a cikin Excel maimakon CSV
Bayani: Farawa/ƙarshen alamar ruɗani na yankin lokaci, lokacin ceton hasken rana (DST), da tambarin lokaci suna da yawa a cikin bayanan kuzari; Juyin sa'a ɗaya yana karkatar da duka nau'in rana da bincike na sa'a kololuwa. Don haka, yakamata a daidaita axis na lokaci kafin kowane bincike kuma yakamata a gwada fitowar AI akan anka ta jiki kamar fitowar rana / lokacin kololuwa.
3. Wanne yanayi ya nuna cewa yayin da MAPE (Ma'anar Kuskuren Ƙirar Ƙirar Ƙirar Ƙirar Ƙirar Ƙirar Ƙarƙwara) a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci na hasashe yana bayyana ƙananan, hasashe na iya zama marar dogara?
- A) MAPE koyaushe cikakke ne kuma isasshiyar ma'aunin ingancin hasashen
- B) Duk da cewa matsakaicin yana da ƙasa, ana iya samun ɓata tsari a cikin sa'o'i mafi girma kuma a nan ne grid ke da mahimmanci ✔
- C) MAPE yana da ma'ana kawai a cikin tsinkayar dogon lokaci
- D) Ƙananan MAPE yana tabbatar da cewa samfurin daidai yake a jiki
Bayani: MAPE matsakaicin kuskure ne; Ko da jimlar ta yi kyau, za a iya samun sabani na tsari a cikin sa'o'i mafi girma da kuma canje-canje na yanayi. Ma'auni na cibiyar sadarwa yana da mahimmanci daidai a waɗannan lokutan kololuwar, don haka kawai saboda matsakaicin awo yana da kyau ba za a iya la'akari da hadari don tsinkaya ba; Ya kamata a yi la'akari da kuskure daban akan lokaci da tsarin mulki.
4. Menene mafi ƙarfi na sama na zahiri don gwada haƙiƙanin hasashen samar da shukar hasken rana?
- A) Jimlar lissafin bara
- B) Silin samar da jiki iyakance ta hanyar radiation, yankin panel da shigar da wutar lantarki (ciki har da sifili da dare) ✔
- C) Kashi na amincewa da samfurin ya bayar
- D) Ma'aunin saurin iska
Bayani: Tashar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana ba za ta iya samar da fiye da hasken hasken rana da ikon panel damar ba; Ana sa ran samarwa ba zai zama sifili ba da daddare, yana yin kololuwa da tsakar rana, kuma an iyakance shi ta wurin shigar wutar lantarki da yanki. Ba shi yiwuwa a zahiri idan samfurin ya ba da ƙima fiye da samar da dare ko shigar da ƙarfin. Wannan cak yana kawar da tsinkaya ba tare da duba kididdiga ba.
5. Menene tacewa dole ne shawarar inganta AI ta wuce kafin aiwatar da ita kai tsaye a cikin grid mai kaifin baki?
- A) Ya isa ga shawarar don samar da mafi ƙarancin farashi kawai.
- B) Ya isa ga samfurin da za a horar da shi zuwa babban daidaito
- C) Ƙuntataccen tsaro (ƙarfin wutar lantarki, thermal, N-1) sarrafawa da izini na ma'aikaci mai izini ✔
- D) Ya isa cewa shawarar ta dace da bayanan tarihi
Bayani: Cibiyar sadarwa tana da mahimmancin aminci: duk shawarwarin da suka keta ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu, thermal da N-1 (rashin gazawar abubuwa) ba za a iya aiwatar da su ba. An fara fitar da fitowar AI ta waɗannan matsalolin tsaro sannan a gabatar da shi ga ma'aikaci mai izini don amincewa; Ingantawa ba zai taɓa shiga cikin takurawar tsaro ba.
6. Wanne farashi ne akai-akai watsi da kuma ɓatar da riba lokacin da aka kafa arbitrage (saya arha, sayar da babban) dabarun tare da AI a cikin kasuwancin ajiyar baturi?
- A) Kudin haɗin Intanet
- B) Lalacewa (sawa) da kuma asarar inganci a kowane zagaye ✔
- C) Lokacin hutun kofi na ma'aikata
- D) Launin baturi
Bayani: Kowace zagayowar caji ta ƙare batir; lalacewa (asarar lafiya) farashi ne na gaske kuma yana ƙare iyakokin garanti. Binciken sasantawa wanda kawai ya dubi bambancin farashin zai wuce kima da riba kuma ya rage rayuwar baturi idan ya yi watsi da raguwar farashin da asarar inganci a kowane zagaye.
7. Menene ma'auni na maɓalli lokacin ƙayyade ƙimar ƙima na ƙirar gano ɓarna a cikin kiyaye tsinkaya?
- A) Ma'auni mai hankali tsakanin ƙararrawar ƙarya da ƙimar gazawar da aka rasa ✔
- B) Ya kamata a koyaushe a kiyaye bakin kofa gwargwadon iyawa
- C) Ana ƙididdige ƙofa ne kawai ta kallon daidaiton adadin samfurin
- D) Da zarar an saita ƙofa, kada a taɓa canzawa.
Bayani: Idan an saukar da bakin kofa, ƙararrawa na ƙarya (ƙarararrawa lokacin da babu laifi) yana ƙaruwa kuma ƙungiyar ta zama rashin amincewa da ƙararrawa; Idan an ƙara ƙofa, haɗarin kuskuren da aka rasa (rasa ainihin kuskuren) yana ƙaruwa. Madaidaicin ƙofa shine ma'auni mai hankali tsakanin farashin ƙararrawar ƙarya da farashin kuskuren da aka rasa (misali fashewar tawul) kuma an daidaita shi gwargwadon mahimmancin kayan aiki.
8. Menene ainihin ma'auni na tsarin ma'auni da tabbatarwa (M&V) don tabbatar da da'awar tanadi a cikin aikin ingantaccen makamashi?
- A) Kowane raguwa a cikin adadin daftari ana ɗaukar shi azaman tanadi kai tsaye
- B) Ajiye shine bambanci tsakanin daidaitawar tushe da auna yawan amfani ✔
- C) Ana bayyana tanadi ne kawai a ƙimar katalogin masana'anta
- D) Ajiye daidai da abin da samfurin ya annabta
Bayani: Ba za a iya auna ajiyar kuɗi kai tsaye ba; Abin da ake auna shi ne cin abinci bayan yin taka tsantsan. Ajiye shine bambanci tsakanin ma'aunin amfani da tushe 'abin da za a cinye ba tare da ma'aunin ba'. Don haka dole ne a gyara ƙirar asali don masu canji kamar yanayin / samarwa, an ƙididdige tanadin da aka yi akan wannan daidaitawar tunani.
9. Me yasa 'cirewa' ke da haɗari musamman a cikin samfurin hasashen farashin wutar lantarki?
- A) Domin yana rage saurin samfurin
- B) Tana haddace hayaniyar da ta gabata, tana rugujewa nan gaba, musamman idan tsarin mulki ya canza, yana batawa da kwarin gwiwa ✔
- C) Kawai saboda yana amfani da ƙarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
- D) Domin yana sa zane-zane yana da wahalar karantawa
Bayani: Ƙarfafawa shine lokacin da samfurin ya haddace amo da alamu a cikin bayanan tarihi waɗanda ba za su maimaita ba; Komawa yayi kama da kamala amma ya fashe a nan gaba. Yayin da bayanan farashin ke canza tsarin mulki ( girgiza farashin mai, canjin doka), ƙirar da aka haddace ta zama mara inganci kuma tana haifar da sayayya mara inganci tare da babban kwarin gwiwa.
10. Me yasa ma'anar ƙarfin carbon na sa'a (ƙimar gCO2 na kWh ɗaya na wutar lantarki a cikin wannan sa'a) yana da mahimmanci don sauyawar kaya?
- A) Yawan carbon iri ɗaya ne a kowace awa, don haka ba komai
- B) Domin kawai yana rinjayar adadin daftari
- C) Ya bambanta kowane sa'a dangane da rabon da za a sabunta; Canja kaya mai sassauƙa zuwa sa'a mara ƙarfi yana rage hayaƙi ✔
- D) Domin yana da alaƙa da kuɗin dare ne kawai
Bayani: Ƙarfin carbon na grid yana bambanta sa'o'i guda ɗaya: yana da ƙasa a cikin sa'o'i lokacin da tsararraki masu sabuntawa ya yi girma da girma a lokacin da aka fi so lokacin da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfin burbushin ya zo kan layi. Canja kaya masu sassauƙa zuwa ƙananan sa'o'i marasa ƙarfi yana ba da damar cinye makamashi iri ɗaya amma samar da ƙarancin hayaƙi. Matsakaicin adadin shekara-shekara yana ɓoye wannan damar.
11. Menene ma'anar 'leakage data' a cikin lambar bincike na Python wanda aka samar da hankali na wucin gadi kuma me yasa yake da haɗari?
- A) Share bayanai daga faifai
- B) Samfurin yana amfani da bayanai na gaba a cikin horo wanda ba zai kasance ba a lokacin tsinkaya; jarabawa yayi kyau amma gaskiya bata ✔
- C) Data ba shi da ma'ana face yawo a Intanet
- D) Lambar tana gudana a hankali
Bayani: Ɓarfin bayanai shine lokacin da ƙirar ta sami damar bayanan da za a iya samu a nan gaba yayin horo; misali, ta yin amfani da ainihin ƙimar sa'ar da za a yi annabta a matsayin sifa. Wannan yana haifar da cikakken goyan baya amma mara amfani a zahiri. Iyakar da ta gabata/na gaba a cikin jerin lokaci dole ne a kiyaye a hankali a cikin lambar.
12. Menene madaidaicin hanya lokacin aika bayanan kamfanin makamashi na SCADA zuwa kayan aikin AI na gaba ɗaya?
- A) Aika duk bayanai kamar yadda yake yana ba da sakamako mafi inganci
- B) ɓoye bayanan da rabawa kawai mahimman bayanan fasaha tare da ingantaccen kayan aiki ✔
- C) Rigakafin bai zama dole ba saboda bayanan a buɗe suke
- D) Canza sunan fayil kawai ya isa
Bayani: SCADA da bayanan topology na cibiyar sadarwa shine mahimman bayanan abubuwan more rayuwa; Aika shi zuwa ga gajimare na jama'a kamar yadda yake haifar da sirri, gasa da haɗarin cybersecurity. Hanyar da ta dace ita ce ɓoye sunayen rukunin yanar gizo / kadara tare da alamun wakilci, raba kawai ɓangaren fasaha da ake buƙata don aikin, da kuma zaɓi kayan aikin da aka amince da cibiyar/rufe.
13. Me ya sa ake amfani da 'ƙarfin ƙarfin' (girman makamashin da aka samar da makamashin da za a samar idan yana ci gaba da aiki da cikakken ƙarfi) a matsayin anka mai ma'ana a hasashen samar da iska?
- A) Domin lamba ce don kasuwanci kawai
- B) Domin ya ba da daftari kai tsaye
- C) Domin ma'auni ne na zahiri wanda ke gwada tsarin girman tsinkaya, tare da sanannen kewayon al'ada (kimanin 25-45%) ✔
- D) Domin yana kayyade launin turbin
Bayani: Matsakaicin ƙarfin aikin gonakin iskar bakin teku yawanci yana cikin kewayon kusan kashi 25-45. Hasashen ba shi yiwuwa a zahiri idan ya annabta samarwa akan matsakaicin dogon lokaci wanda ke da kyau a waje da wannan kewayon (misali, kashi 90). Wannan rabo yana ba ku damar gwada tsari na girman tsinkaya ba tare da yin cikakken bayani ba.
14. Ta yaya za a iya bayyana rawar da basirar wucin gadi a cikin tsarin tsarin makamashi mai mahimmanci na tsaro zai zama mafi daidai?
- A) AI na iya maye gurbin amincewar injiniya mai izini
- B) AI yana haifar da hasashe da shaci; Amincewa da alhakin yanke shawara mai mahimmanci na aminci ya kasance tare da injiniya mai izini ✔
- C) Idan AI yana da ƙarfi sosai, tabbatar da ɗan adam bai zama dole ba
- D) Fitowar AI ba ta da amfani kuma yakamata a yi watsi da ita gaba ɗaya
Bayani: Hankali na wucin gadi shine mataimaki mai ƙarfi wanda ke karantawa da sauri, kama alamu, samar da zayyana; but it does not replace the approval and responsibility of a competent expert in safety-critical decisions such as protection adjustment, transformer loading, network maneuvering. AI yana haifar da hasashe da faci; Injiniya mai izini yana ba da shawara da sa hannu.