Riba:
- Fahimtar rawar da iyakokin AI a cikin fassarar seismic, nauyi, magnetic da bayanan hanyar lantarki
- Ƙarfin matsayi na bin diddigin sararin sama, gano kuskure da aikin kawar da hayaniya tare da koyon injin
- Ikon danganta fitarwar AI zuwa bayanai mai kyau ta hanyar sanin rashin daidaituwar juzu'i na geophysical
Geophysics kimiyyar kimiyya ce da ke ƙoƙarin "gani" ƙarƙashin ƙasa ta filayen zahiri (wave na roba, nauyi, filin maganadisu, juriya na lantarki) da aka auna daga ƙasa. Yayin da rijiyar burtsatse ke samar da maki guda, geophysics yana ci gaba da duba manyan wurare; amma yana yin hakan a kaikaice. Anan ya ta'allaka ne da mahimmancin ra'ayi na wannan rukunin: rashin keɓantawar fassarar yanayin ƙasa. Za'a iya bayyana ma'auni iri ɗaya ta ƙirar ƙasa daban-daban. AI yana hanzarta wannan fassarar kuma yana kama sigina masu rauni; Amma ba ya kawar da polysemy, kawai yana taimaka mana mu sarrafa shi.
Bari mu fara bayyana manyan hanyoyin guda huɗu da abin da suke aunawa. Hanyar girgizar ƙasa tana auna lokacin tunani na raƙuman sauti / girgiza da aka aika zuwa ƙasa daga yadudduka; Shi ne tushen ga man-gas da kuma zurfin tsari. Hanyar nauyi tana tsara taswirorin bambance-bambancen yawa (misali maƙarƙashiyar tama ko mara komai) daga ƙananan canje-canje a cikin nauyi. Hanyar maganadisu tana fitar da abun ciki na magnetite da tsari daga kayan maganadisu na duwatsu. Hanyoyin lantarki / lantarki (misali resistivity, IP) taswirar ruwa, yumbu da sulfur abun ciki daga wutar lantarki na dutsen.
Inversion da Polysemy
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu a cikin geophysics. Matsala madaidaiciya: menene zan auna a saman idan na san ƙirar ƙasa? Wannan ita ce kawai amsar. Matsalar juyewa: Na auna wannan a saman, yaya game da ƙasa? Wannan yana buɗewa ga adadin amsoshi marasa iyaka. Misali, ana iya yin bayanin anomaly na nauyi ta ɗan ƙaramin taro kusa da saman ko babban taro mai zurfi. A cikin bayanan juriya na wutar lantarki, ɓangarorin ƙwanƙwasa na bakin ciki da ƙaramin ɗaki mai kauri na iya amsawa iri ɗaya.
AI yana haɓaka juzu'i kuma wani lokacin yana samar da mafi kyawun samfuran farko. Amma "mafi yiwuwa" bayani da samfurin ya bayar ba shine kawai daidai ba a lissafin; Yiwuwa ne a ƙarƙashin wasu zato. Don haka mulkin zinariya: ɗaure fassarar geophysical tare da ƙuntatawa masu zaman kansu. Shigar da kyau, hakowa, ƙwarewar yanayin ƙasa, da kuma wata hanyar geophysical - kowane ƙarin ƙuntatawa yana rage yiwuwar mafita. Ba za a iya yin sa hannu da hanya ɗaya ko fassarar guda ɗaya ba.
Mataki zuwa mataki: AI-taimakawa fassarar girgizar ƙasa
- Shirya bayanan. Cire amo, gyare-gyare a tsaye, ƙaura (matsar da tunani zuwa madaidaicin wuri). Idan waɗannan matakan ba daidai ba ne, fassarar ba daidai ba ce daga farko.
- Horizon (surface mai nuni) bin diddigi. Leken asiri na wucin gadi yana saka idanu ta atomatik a kowane lokaci; Masanin ilimin kasa yana duba wuraren da suka lalace da kuma masu tuhuma.
- Gano kuskure. Samfurin yana ƙaddamar da dakatarwa a cikin tunani a matsayin ƴan takara masu kuskure; Ana gwada kowane ɗan takara ta hanyar sanin yanayin ƙasa.
- To daure. Daidaita lokacin girgizar ƙasa zuwa ainihin zurfin da lithology a cikin rijiyar. Wannan mataki yana haɗa fassarar zuwa gaskiya ta ƙasa.
- Rahoton rashin tabbas. Ba yanki ɗaya ba, amma madadin yanayin yanayi da matakan amincewa.
Gudunmawa da Iyakar Hankali na Artificial
AI yana yin ayyuka masu ƙarfi guda uku a cikin geophysics: kawar da amo (cirewa daga ɓarna bazuwar), hangen nesa ta atomatik / bin diddigin kuskure (rage abin da ake amfani da shi don ɗaukar kwanaki da hannu zuwa mintuna), da kuma fahimtar ƙirar (kama da ƙarancin ƙarancin da ido ya rasa). Amma iyakoki uku na dindindin. Na farko shine polysemy: samfurin ba zai iya kawar da shubuha ba. Na biyu, dogara ga bayanan horo: samfurin na iya zama mara kyau a wurare daban-daban na geological. Na uku, rashin daidaituwa ta jiki: yana iya samar da mafita waɗanda suka dace da bayanai sosai amma sun keta dokokin kimiyyar lissafi (yawanci, saurin gudu). Don haka, ana sarrafa fitarwar a sanannen tazara ta jiki (misali saurin girgizar ƙasa dole ne ya kasance cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakoki dangane da nau'in dutsen).
Karamin Harkoki guda uku: Ta Lambobi
Case 1 - Lokaci a Horizon tracking. Bibiyar manyan sa'o'i 4 da hannu a cikin ƙarar girgizar ƙasa ya ɗauki masanin ilimin ƙasa kamar makonni 3. Aiwatar da AI mai ƙarfi ta atomatik ya rage daftarin farko zuwa kwanaki 2; Masanin ilimin kasa ya keɓe sauran lokacin don duba wuraren da aka katse da ma'amalar kuskure. Ajiye lokaci ya zarce 60%, amma ba a taɓa tsallake ikon sarrafa hannu a yankuna masu laifi ba.
Case 2 - Alamar polysemy. A cikin wani ɓangaren juriya, ƙirar ta nuna wani yanki mai gudanarwa a zurfin 60 m a matsayin "mai yiwuwa sulfide tama". Yankin yumbu mai laushi kuma zai iya ba da amsa iri ɗaya. Hakowa mai tabbatarwa guda ɗaya ya nuna tushen ƙarfin aiki azaman shale mai graphite - ba ma'adinan tattalin arziki ba. Idan aka dogara da tafsiri guda ɗaya na warwarewar juzu'i, zai zama asarar jari.
Hali na 3 - Rashin daidaito na jiki. Samfurin saurin gudu ɗaya ya dace da bayanan ƙirar daidai amma an sanya saurin gudu na 6,500 m/s a zurfin zurfi zuwa Layer ɗaya; wannan kimar ba ta dace ba a zahiri don waccan lithology da zurfin (da kyau sama da kewayon al'ada). Binciken kewayon jiki ya ɗauki kyakkyawan bayani amma kuskure wanda "ya dace" da kyau kuma samfurin ya sake takurawa.
Rauni Mai Sauƙi / Ƙarfi Mai ƙarfi
Rawanin faɗakarwa:
Fassara wannan rashin ƙarfi na nauyi, shin akwai ma'adinai?[bayanai]
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:
Matsayinku: Mai sharhin Geophysical. Lissafa POSSIBLE tushen samfura don ƙarancin nauyi a ƙasa (a nuna polysemy a sarari) - Ba da shawara aƙalla samfuran ƙasa daban-daban guda 3 (haɗin zurfin-yawanci) - Rubuta abin da bayanai masu zaman kansu (da kyau, rijiyar borehole, Magnetic, Geological) na iya bambanta kowane samfuri. yanzu". Bayanai: [anomaly + mahallin]
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ya tilasta samfurin don gabatar da yiwuwar sararin samaniya da kuma ƙuntatawa da za su rage shi, maimakon fassarar guda ɗaya.
Samfura guda huɗu masu Kwafi
1) Taswirar Polysemy:
Ƙirƙirar aƙalla madadin ƙirar ƙasa guda 3 don yanayin yanayin yanayi mai zuwa. Ga kowane samfuri: lissafi, ƙimar dukiya ta zahiri, ƙwarewar yanayin ƙasa da rarrabe bayanai masu zaman kansu. Gabatar da babu samfurin "daidai" guda ɗaya. Anomaly: [data]
2) Kula da kewayon jiki:
Kwatanta dabi'u ta zahiri (gudun girgizar ƙasa, yawa, juriya, ƙarancin maganadisu) a cikin jujjuyawar fitowar da ke ƙasa zuwa sanannun jeri na nau'ikan dutsen da suka dace. Alama kimar da ba ta da iyaka a matsayin "masu shakku a zahiri". fitarwa: [model sigogi]
3) Dubawa da kyau:
Haɗa fassarar girgizar ƙasa tare da ingantaccen bayanai. Daidaita kowane sararin sama da takwaransa na zurfin/lithology a cikin rijiyar. Alama abubuwan da basu dace ba a matsayin "kuskuren haɗin gwiwa ko kuskuren fassarar" kuma rubuta dalilin da zai yiwu. Bayanai: [seismic horizons + well log]
4) Shawarar haɗuwa ta hanyar:
Wadanne hanyoyin geophysical ne da aka haɗa don warware maƙasudin da ke gaba zai fi rage polysemy? Bayyana abin da kowace hanya za ta iyakance da haɗin kai. Manufar: [bayani]. Akwai bayanai: [list]
Kwatanta Hanyoyi
Hanya
Dukiyar jiki da yake aunawa
Yawan amfani
Babban rashin tabbas
tunanin girgizar kasa
Gudun igiyar ruwa na roba / impedance
Tsarin, tafki, zurfin Layer
Kuskuren ƙaura/gudu
nauyi
bambancin yawa
Ore jiki, kwano, rami
Zurfin taro polysemy
maganadisu
rashin lafiyar maganadisu
Magnetite, tsari, zurfin tushe
Weld zurfin rashin tabbas
Resistivity/IP
Ƙunƙarar wutar lantarki / polarization
ruwa, yumbu, sulfur
Yana da wuya a rarrabe nau'ikan madugu
Tukwici: Maimakon “ba da fassarar da ta fi dacewa,” gaya wa AI “ba da duk fassarori masu yuwuwa da bayanan don bambanta su.” A cikin ilimin lissafi, ƙimar ba a cikin amsa ɗaya ba, amma a cikin daidaitaccen taƙaita yiwuwar sarari. Yi amfani da samfurin azaman kayan aiki na kunkuntar, ba a matsayin annabi ba.
Tsanaki: Don kawai jujjuyawar ta dace da bayanan da kyau ba yana nufin daidai ba ne. Ƙarfafawa zai iya gabatar da hayaniya a cikin ƙirar kuma ya samar da mafita ta jiki ba zai yiwu ba. Gwada kowane bayani tare da kewayon jiki da bayanai masu zaman kansu.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Manta polysemy. Tunanin cewa kawai fassarar da samfurin ya bayar shine cikakkiyar gaskiya; Duk da haka, yawancin samfura suna bayyana bayanai iri ɗaya.
- Ba amfani da ƙuntatawa masu zaman kansu ba. Shiga sharhin ba tare da haɗa shi da rijiya, hakowa ko wata hanya ba.
- Ketare kurakuran da aka fara aiwatarwa. Idan ba a gyara surutu, a tsaye, da kurakuran ƙaura ba kafin fassarar, duk sakamakon zai lalace.
- Yin watsi da hankali na jiki. Karɓar mafita waɗanda suka dace da bayanan amma sun ƙunshi ƙimar saurin gudu/yawan ƙima.
- Dogaro da wuce gona da iri. Rashin sanin cewa da'awar "cikakkiyar dacewa" na iya haifar da hayaniya a cikin ƙirar.
A takaice
- Geophysics yana auna yanayin ƙasa a kaikaice; Juyawa ta asali ce ta polysemous: samfura sama da ɗaya suna bayanin bayanai iri ɗaya.
- AI yana da ƙarfi a cikin kawar da amo, hangen nesa / kuskure, da kama siginar rauni; amma ba zai iya kawar da polysemy ba.
- Dole ne a rage kowace fassarar ta hanyar haɗa rijiyar, hakowa, yanayin ƙasa, da wata hanya; Ba za a iya yin sa hannu ta hanya ɗaya kawai ba.
- Samfurin na iya samar da mafita waɗanda suka dace da bayanan da kyau amma a zahiri ba zai yiwu ba; Ana sarrafa kewayon saurin / ƙarfi.
- Ƙimar ba a cikin amsa ɗaya ba, amma a cikin rage yiwuwar sararin samaniya daidai; Yi amfani da shi azaman kayan aiki don tsaftace samfurin.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Ɗauki anomaly geophysical (na nauyi, maganadisu ko juriya; ɓoye bayanan sirri) a hannunku. Samo aƙalla madadin ƙirar ƙasa guda uku waɗanda aka samar tare da faɗakarwa mai ƙarfi da jeri waɗanda bayanai masu zaman kansu zasu bambanta kowane ƙirar. Sa'an nan a duba samfuri na "tabbataccen kewayon jiki" ko ƙimar da aka ba da shawarar suna cikin jeri na nau'in dutsen; Lura a cikin jumla ɗaya dalilin da yasa za'a iya kawar da samfurin a zahiri.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na gane cewa inverse bayani ne polysemous kuma ba ya bayar da guda "daidai" fassarar.
- [ ] Zan iya bambance abin da manyan hanyoyin geophysical guda huɗu suka auna da babban rashin tabbas.
- [ ] Na takaita fassarar ta hanyar haɗa shi zuwa rijiyoyi, hakowa da sauran hanyoyin.
- [ ] Ina gwada abubuwan jujjuyawar da aka yi akan lallausan jiki (gudu/ƙarfin jeri).
- [ ] Ina amfani da hankali na wucin gadi a matsayin kayan aiki don taƙaita sararin yuwuwar, ba a matsayin annabi mai amsa ɗaya ba.