Riba:
- Ability don bincika tushen abin da ya haifar da lalacewa tare da tsarin tsarin tsarin tallafi na AI (filayen karaya, kaya, yanayi, microstructure)
- Ability don rarrabe gajiya, karaya, ɓarna da hanyoyin lalata tare da AI da kafa sarkar shaida
- Ability don tabbatar da hasashen lalacewar AI tare da fractography, binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje da lissafin injiniya
Lokacin da igiyar crane ta karye, ruwan turbine ya karye, ko bututun mai ya fashe, tambayar "me yasa?" taso. Tambayar ta taso. Binciken gazawa shine kimiyyar bincike cikin tsari da dalili da kuma yadda wani sashi ke yin kuskure, gano tushen dalilin da hana sake faruwa. Wannan aikin yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman nauyin aikin injiniyan ƙarfe; saboda sakamakonsa wani lokaci yakan zama ginshiƙi na ƙara, tunowa, ko matakan tsaro. AI yana da ƙarfi a cikin tsara tsarin tsara hanyoyin lalacewa, tsara jerin shaidu, da samar da daftarin rahotanni. Amma fassarori na fashe, fractography, da ganewar asali na buƙatar shaidar jiki; Mahimmin ganewar asali da AI ya bayar daga hoto ɗaya shine hasashe; Ba za a iya bayyana tushen dalilin ba tare da tabbatarwa ta hanyar binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje ba.
Hanyoyin lalacewa: tushe don bambanta
Mataki na farko don isa ga tushen tushen shine don gano hanyar da lalacewa ke faruwa. AI yana da ƙarfi wajen koyar da sa hannu na musamman na waɗannan hanyoyin:
- Gajiya: Sannu a hankali yaɗuwar fashewa a ƙarƙashin maimaita nauyi. Layukan rairayin bakin teku (alamomin rairayin bakin teku, tare da ido tsirara) da kuma striae (layin gajiya a cikin SEM) suna bayyane akan saman da aka karye. Shi ne sanadin mafi yawan lalacewar inji.
- Karaya: karyewar kwatsam ba tare da nakasar filastik ba. Cleavage (rabu da haske, kristal jirage) da chevron (kiban kai) alamu akan saman karaya.
- Karaya: Karyewa bayan wani gagarumin nakasu. Dimple ilimin halittar jiki a cikin SEM.
- Crap: Slow nakasar dindindin a ƙarƙashin kaya akai-akai a babban zafin jiki; intergranular sarari da fasa.
- Lalata/danniya lalata fatattaka (SCC): Muhalli + danniya hade; rassan fasa, samfuran lalata.
Alamomi: A cikin lalacewa, yawanci ba wata hanya ɗaya ba ce, amma sarkar: alal misali, lalata yana haifar da rami, ramin yana mayar da hankali ga damuwa, daga can fara gajiya gajiya. Maimakon samun AI ta tambayi "dalilai ɗaya," a tambaye shi "sarkar hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su da kuma shaida ga kowane haɗin gwiwa."
Mataki-mataki: bincike na tushen tushen tsarin tsarin
- Tattara bango: Tarihin sashe, kaya, yanayin aiki, zazzabi, lokacin sabis, lalacewa makamancin haka.
- Bincika ba tare da lalata shi ba: Hoton fashewar saman ba tare da tsaftacewa ko taɓa shi ba; samfurin lalata da kare wurin farawa.
- Kayayyakin gani + fractography: Matsayin farawa da hanyoyin ganowa tare da tsirara ido, sitiriyo microscope, sannan SEM.
- Tabbatar da abu: Haɗin gwiwa (spectrometer), taurin, microstructure - shin kayan sun cika ƙayyadaddun bayanai?
- Makanikai da tushen dalili: Haɗa shaida; Ina farkon, menene ya jawo shi (tsara, kayan aiki, masana'anta, sabis)?
- Tabbatar da rahoto: Gwada hasashe ta hanyar ƙididdigewa / gwaji; Rubuta rahoton tushen shaida. Alhakin yana kan injiniya mai izini.
AI yana da taimako sosai a cikin matakai na 1, 5, da 6 (tsara, ƙira, shaci); 2-4. Matakan aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ne na jiki kuma AI ba zai iya yin su ba.
Teburin nuna bambanci na injina
inji
ido tsirara
Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na SEM
Mahimman mahallin
tabbatarwa
gajiya
Layukan bakin teku, fili wuri
damuwa
lodi mai maimaitawa
Load tarihin + SEM
karaya
Chevron, saman mai sheki
tsaga
Ƙananan zafin jiki/tasiri
Charpy, microstructure
ductile karaya
sallama, mai dubawa
dimple
nauyi daya wuce kima
tensile gwajin
rarrafe
Fassara da yawa, nakasu
intergranular sarari
high zafin jiki
tarihin zafin jiki
SCC
rassan fasa
Intergranular / transgranular
Muhalli + damuwa
nazarin kimiyya
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Gaggauta ganewar asali. Wani masanin fasaha ya nuna hoton AI na abin fashewa; AI ta ce "tabbas kar ku gaji." Mai fasaha ya rubuta rahoton daidai. Duk da haka, jarrabawar SEM ta nuna raguwa a maimakon striae: ɓangaren ya karya gauraye a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki, kuma ainihin matsalar ita ce canjin canjin kayan abu yana sama da zafin sabis. Gajiya gaji zai haifar da aikin gyara ba daidai ba (rage ragi); Ainihin bayani shine maye gurbin kayan aiki. Darasi: tabbataccen ganewar asali daga daukar hoto yaudara ne ba tare da fractography ba.
Case 2 - Sarkar shaida da aka kafa daidai. Akwai maimaita karaya a cikin ramin famfo. Ƙungiyar tana ba AI nauyin biyan kuɗi, muhalli da lissafi kuma yana tambaya game da yuwuwar sarkar hanyoyin. AI yana ba da hasashe cewa ƙaddamar da damuwa a kusurwa mai kaifi na iya sauƙaƙe farawa gajiya. A kan SEM, ƙungiyar tana ganin cewa raunin ya fara ne daga ainihin kusurwar kuma ya ƙunshi striae; Hakanan yana auna radius na kusurwa ya fi girma fiye da zane. Tushen dalili: gajiya saboda ƙarancin radius na kusurwa. Magani: ƙara radius. AI ya ba da madaidaicin hasashe, SEM da ma'auni sun tabbatar da shi.
Case 3 - Abubuwan rashin daidaituwa. Wani bazara yana karyewa da wuri. AI Har ila yau, ya lissafa "kayan abu ba zai iya saduwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba" a tsakanin dalilai masu yiwuwa. Ƙungiyar tana yin nazarin abun da ke ciki; ya gano cewa abun cikin carbon yana ƙasa da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, don haka ba a samun taurin manufa ta maganin zafi. Tushen shine abu mara kyau a cikin sarkar masana'anta/sarowa. AI ya tunatar da wani abu da za a bincika, ya ba da shaidar dakin gwaje-gwaje. Darasi: Lissafin tsarin AI ya kawo dalilin da za a iya mantawa da shi; Gwaji yana ba da hujja.
Samfuran gaggawar da za a iya kwafi
MECHANISM CHAIN TEMPLATE "Rikima: Kai ne mataimakin bincike na lalacewa. Sashe: [bayani]. Load: [...]. Muhalli / yanayin zafi: [...]. Sabis lokaci: [...]. Lura: [karya wuri, bayyanar]. Ka ba ni POSSIBLE lalacewa inji sarkar (ba kawai sanadi). Ga kowane mahada: goyon bayan shaida + tabbatar da abin da jarrabawa (SEM, ƙayyadaddun bincike).
KYAUTATA JAGORA TEMPLATE "Zan bincika saman da aka karye. Daidaita lissafin abin da ya kamata in nema a cikin SEM kuma tare da ido tsirara don KYAUTA hanyoyin da ke biyowa: gajiya, karaya karaya, karaya ductile, SCC. Ta yaya zan sami wurin farawa? Nanata cewa za a iya yin gwaji mai mahimmanci daga ganewar asali. "
5 ME YA SA / ISHIKAWA TEMPLATE "Kafa tsarin bincike na tushen tushen tushen lalacewa mai zuwa: [takaice]. Ƙungiya mai yiwuwa dalilai tare da kashin kifi (Ishikawa) Categories: kayan aiki, zane, masana'antu, taro, sabis / kulawa, muhalli
TEMPLATE LABARI DA LABARI: "Ranar: Kai ne mataimaki na rubuta rahoton. DRAFT rahoton bincike na lalacewa daga binciken da aka biyo baya: [bincike, ma'auni, fractography]. Sashe: taƙaitawa, baya, hanyoyin bincike, binciken, tattaunawa, tushen dalilin, shawarwarin gyara. Sanya kowane ƙimar fasaha zuwa tushen sa. Kada ku haɗa da kowane lambobi na asalin da ba a sani ba.
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
RAUNI GASKIYA: "Me yasa wannan kullin ya karye? (hoto)"
KARFIN GASKIYA: "Rawar: Kai ne mataimakin bincike na lalacewa. Sashe: M20 8.8 bolt, a cikin haɗin gwiwa mai girgiza, ~ sabis na shekaru 2, a waje. A cikin yanki mai fashe, yanki mai laushi + yanki na ƙarshe yana bayyane. Ka ba ni jerin hanyoyin da za a iya (gajiya, karaya karaya, overload) kuma gaya mani abin da zan nema a cikin SEM na farko don gane ganewar asali EA don gane ganewar asali. daga hoton; wane dakin gwaje-gwaje ya bayyana cewa bincikenku zai yanke shawara."
Rarraunan hanzari yana gayyatar tabbataccen ganewar asali guda ɗaya (kuma mai yuwuwa ba daidai ba). Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yana ba da mahallin, yana neman jerin hanyoyin da keɓaɓɓen alamun SEM, tambayoyi game da farawa, kuma ya bar madaidaicin ganewar asali zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Tsaftace/matsa saman karaya kuma cire shaida daga wurin farko.
- Bayyana ainihin ganewar asali da AI ya bayar daga hoto a matsayin tushen dalilin ba tare da fractography ba.
- Neman tsari guda ɗaya; ketare sarkar inji (kamar lalata → gajiyawa).
- Rashin bincika daidaiton abu zuwa ƙayyadaddun bayanai (haɗin kai, taurin).
- Ƙoƙarin sanya tsarin aiki ba tare da tattara kaya da tarihin sabis ba.
- Sanya ƙimar fasaha mara tabbaci (AI da aka samar) a cikin rahoton.
A takaice
A cikin bincike na lalacewa, AI shine taimako mai ƙarfi a cikin tsara tsarin tsara hanyoyin da za a iya yiwuwa, kafa tsarin Ishikawa / 5-me yasa, tsara jerin shaidu, da kuma samar da daftarin rahoto. Duk da haka, fassarar fassarar fashe, fractography, da ganewar asali na buƙatar shaida ta jiki (SEM, abun da ke ciki, taurin, tarihin kaya); Mahimmin ganewar asali da AI ke bayarwa daga hoto ɗaya shine hasashe. Kare wurin farawa, bincika sarkar na'ura, gwada kowace hasashe tare da shaidar dakin gwaje-gwaje, kuma kiyaye injiniyan da ke da alhakin kula da shi.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Zaɓi yanayin lalacewa na gaske ko na almara (misali fashewar kusoshi a cikin haɗin gwiwa mai girgiza). Buga tarihin ɓangaren, kaya, da muhalli. Tare da samfurin "MECHANISM CHAIN", tambayi AI don yuwuwar hanyoyin da hanyar tabbatarwa ga kowane. Sannan a fitar da abin da ake nema a cikin SEM don bambance hanyoyin tare da samfurin "FRACTOGRAPHY GUIDE". A ƙarshe, rubuta a cikin sakin layi wanda binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje zai tabbatar da tushen dalilin da kuma wanda zai amince da rahoton.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na tattara tarihin sassa, kaya, yanayi da lokacin sabis.
- [ ] Na adana saman da ya karye ba tare da lalata shi ba kuma na dauki hoto.
- [ ] Na yi hasashe jerin hanyoyin da za a iya yiwuwa (ba kawai dalilin ba).
- [ ] Na gano alamun SEM/lab waɗanda ke bambanta kowane tsari.
- [ ] Na duba cewa kayan sun bi ƙayyadaddun bayanai (haɗin kai, taurin).
- [ ] Na tabbatar da tushen dalilin tare da binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje; Na gabatar da rahoton ga amincewar injiniya mai izini.