Riba:
- Ability don saita simintin gyare-gyare, walda da ƙari na masana'anta tare da AI da kimanta haɗarin lahani a gaba.
- Ikon shirya abubuwan da ake fitarwa kamar daftarin WPS/PQR, ƙirar simintin ciyarwa da taga tsari tare da tallafin AI
- Ikon tabbatar da shawarwarin tsarin AI ta hanyar daidaitattun, kwaikwaiyo da ingantaccen gwaji
Yadda ake siffata ɓangaren ƙarfe yana da mahimmanci kamar abin da aka yi da shi. Yin simintin gyare-gyare yana siffata ta hanyar ciko narkakkar karfe zuwa gyare-gyare da ƙarfafa shi; waldi, haɗuwa da sassa biyu na ƙarfe ta zafi da / ko matsa lamba; Ƙarfafa masana'anta (AM ko bugu na ƙarfe na 3D) hanya ce ta ginin sassa ta hanyar narkewar foda ko layin waya ta Layer. Duk ukun suna da gaskiya guda ɗaya: sigogin tsari (zazzabi, saurin, shigarwar zafi, sanyaya) kai tsaye suna ƙayyade samuwar lahani da kaddarorin inji. AI yana hanzarta kafa taga tsari, pre-kimanin haɗarin lahani, da zayyana takardu kamar ƙirar WPS/simintin gyare-gyare. Amma ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na ƙarfafa ƙarfi da kwararar zafi suna da rikitarwa; Kowace shawarar siga ba za ta iya shiga samarwa ba tare da an tabbatar da ita ta hanyar kwaikwayo, gwaji da gwaji mara lalacewa ba.
Harshen gama gari na matakai guda uku: taga tsari da lahani
Tagar tsari shine kewayon sigogi waɗanda ke haifar da ingantaccen inganci; Lalacewar yana faruwa lokacin fita waje ta taga. Kowane tsari yana da lahani na yau da kullun:
- Simintin gyare-gyare: Rashin ƙarfi (gas ko raguwa), tsagewar zafi, rufewar sanyi, haɗawa, microshrinkage. Tsarin Feeder/Riser yana da mahimmanci don ciyar da ruwa zuwa ƙarfe yayin da yake yin kwangila yayin da yake ƙarfafawa.
- Weld: Porosity, rashin isasshen shigar azzakari cikin farji (rashin shigar azzakari cikin farji), undercut, crack (sanyi / zafi), HAZ (Heat Shafi Zone: yankin a kusa da weld wanda microstructure canje-canje saboda zafi) hardening. Shigar da zafi yana ƙayyade kaddarorin wannan yanki.
- Ƙarfafa masana'antu: Rashin haɗuwa, ragowar porosity, saura danniya da murdiya, anisotropy (kayan dogayen shugabanci). Ikon Laser, saurin dubawa da kauri na Layer suna ƙayyade yawan kuzari.
AI yana da ƙarfi wajen yin bayani akan tsari wace siga ce ke haifar da lahani da ba da shawarar taga ta farko. Amma ainihin taga; musamman ga na'ura, foda / waya batch da geometry.
Tsanaki: Karɓar amintaccen walda ko juji ba a taɓa ba da shawarar sigar AI ba. An tabbatar da WPS ta gwajin cancantar tsari (PQR) da ake buƙata ta ma'auni (misali ASME IX, ISO 15614); Karɓar ƙarshe ana yin ta tare da amincewar injiniyan walda / simintin simintin izni da dubawa.
Mataki-mataki: Saitin siga mai tallafi na AI
- Ƙayyade tsari da kayan: Cast alloy / tushe karfe + filler / AM foda, kauri, lissafi.
- Ba da maƙasudai da ƙuntatawa: Ma'aunin karɓa (aji mara lahani), makasudin injiniya, lokacin zagayowar.
- Buƙatar taga farawa: Tambayi AI don kewayon siga na yau da kullun da kuma wane lahani kowane siga ya shafi.
- Lissafin haɗari: Wadanne lahani ne suka yi fice a cikin waɗannan sigogi? Yadda za a hana?
- Kwaikwaya/gwada: Solidification simintin don simintin gyare-gyare/AM (misali MAGMA, Simufact), coupon gwajin walda.
- Tabbatar da jarrabawa: NDT (radiography, ultrasonic), macrosection, gwajin inji; karba bisa ga ma'auni.
Kwatancen tsari da alakar ma'aunin lahani
tsari
Mahimman sigogi
babban aibi
Hanyar tabbatarwa
AI rawar
Yashi/mutu simintin gyaran kafa
Yanayin zafin jiki, mai ciyarwa
Raunin porosity
Radiography, macro sashe
Daftarin Feeder/taga
arc waldi
Shigar da zafi, preheating
HAZ crack, pore
RT/UT, macro, taurin
WPS daftarin, lissafin haɗari
Powder bed AM (L-PBF)
Ikon Laser, saurin dubawa
Rashin isasshen narkewa, porosity
CT, yawa, microstructure
Tagar yawan makamashi
Ana ƙididdige shigarwar zafi kamar (ƙarfin wutar lantarki × halin yanzu / saurin walda) a cikin walda kuma yana ƙayyade nisa na HAZ, ƙimar sanyaya, sabili da haka taurin kai da haɗarin fashewa. AI ya kwatanta wannan dangantaka kuma yana nuna darajar farawa; PQR ta tabbatar da ainihin ƙimar.
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Wani ma'adanin kambura yana samun ci gaba da raguwar porosity na ciki a cikin sashin tagulla mai kauri. Suna bayyana ma'aunin lissafi da gami ga AI kuma suna tambaya game da dalilai masu yiwuwa; AI yana ba da shawarar cewa mai ba da abinci na iya kasa isa don ciyar da yanki mai ƙarfi na ƙarshe, kuma suna sake duba ƙa'idar "ƙarfafawar jagora" da girman feeder/wuri. Ƙungiyar tana gudanar da siminti mai ƙarfi, yana ganin cewa wuri mai zafi ya yi nisa daga mai ciyarwa, yana ƙara girma da matsayi mai ciyarwa; A kan rediyo, porosity yana raguwa daga 4% zuwa 0.5%. AI ya ba da hasashe, kwaikwayo da NDT ya tabbatar.
Case 2 - Babban taurin HAZ crack. Ƙungiyar taro tana walda wani babban karfen carbon ba tare da yin dumama ba; Ciwon sanyi yana faruwa a cikin HAZ. Lokacin da suka tambayi AI game da halin da ake ciki, ya bayyana cewa babban carbon daidai (CE: ƙimar haɗin da ke nuna halin da ake ciki na alloy) yana haifar da HAZ mai wuya da kuma raguwa, kuma cewa zafin jiki da kuma kula da sanyi zai rage fashewar hydrogen. Ƙungiyar tana ƙididdige CE, ta ƙayyade zafin zafin da ya dace, kuma ta gwada shi akan takardar kuɗi kuma ta tabbatar da shi da tauri da macrosection. AI ya ba da tsari da shugabanci, gwaji ya ba da lambar.
Case 3 - AM makamashi yawa taga. Ƙungiyar AM tana ganin rashin isassun pores a cikin ɓangaren titanium. Yana tambayar AI don taga mai yawa makamashi wanda ya haɗa da ikon Laser, saurin dubawa, da nisa ƙyanƙyashe, da tasirin kowane siga akan nau'in pore. AI ya bayyana cewa ƙarancin kuzari zai haifar da ƙarancin narkewa, tsayi da yawa zai haifar da rami mai maɓalli, kuma yana nuna kewayon farawa. Ƙungiya ta buga takardar shaidar share siga, tana auna yawa da ƙananan tsari, kuma ta tabbatar da mafi kyawun taga tare da CT. AI ya rage taga, ya sanya gwajin daidai.
Samfuran gaggawar da za a iya kwafi
TEMPLATE TSARIN TASHI"Rawar: [simintin simintin gyare-gyare/welding/AM] kai ne mataimakin tsari garanti."
DEFECT Tushen SA TEMPLATE "Abin da ke biyo baya ya sake faruwa a cikin yanki na [tsari: [ma'anar, wuri, mita%]. Samar da jerin jerin abubuwan da za a iya haifar da tushe (kayan abu, ma'auni, lissafi, kayan aiki). Ga kowane dalili: shaida mai goyan baya + wanda aka tabbatar ta hanyar sarrafawa / gwaji. Kada ku yi tabbataccen ganewar asali; ba da hanyar bincike. "
WPS DRAFT TEMPLATE"Rawar: Kai mataimakan injiniyan walda ne. Ƙarfe mai tushe: [...]. Kauri: [...] Hanyar walda: [misali GMAW]. Matsayi: [...] Samo min kwarangwal DRAFT na WPS (preheat, wucewa, kewayon shigarwar zafi, gas mai kariya). wannan a sarari.
FEEDER / SOLIDIFICATION TEMPLATE "My simintin gyaran kafa: [alloy, geometry, thickest sashe]. Bayyana directional solidification da riser dabaru: ina ne zafi tabo, inda ya kamata a sanya feeder, ta yaya ne girman da aka ƙayyade? Ta yaya zan rage hadarin porosity? Jihar cewa Ina bukatan tabbatar da karshe yanke shawara tare da solidification kwaikwayo da kuma radiography. "
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
RAUNI GASKIYA: "Yaya zan yi walda wannan karfen?"
KARFI GASKIYA: "Rawar: Kai ne injiniyan waldawa mataimaki. Base karfe: high carbon alloy karfe (CE ~ 0.6), kauri 20 mm, filler da matsayi [...]. Bayyana mini da bukatar preheating don hana sanyi fatattaka a cikin HAZ, da zafi shigar da kewayon da Inter-wuce zafin jiki dabaru. Bayyana sakamakon carbon da aka yi amfani da daidai ba tare da wani hadarin da zai iya zama wani kasada da WPS. tare da PQR da gwajin macro/taurin garantin daidai kar a ba shi."
Rashin hanzari yana ba da amsa gabaɗaya ba tare da sanin abu, kauri da haɗarin fasa ba. Ƙarfin faɗakarwa yana gabatar da daidai da carbon, kauri da tsarin tsagewa, yana nuna cewa fitarwar daftarin ne kuma dole ne a tabbatar da shi tare da PQR.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Kuskure taga siga ta zama na duniya maimakon na'ura/batch/geometry takamaiman.
- Bypassing da bukatar preheating a high carbon daidai karfe.
- Ƙarshe ƙirar mai ciyar da simintin gyare-gyare ba tare da ƙwaƙƙwaran kwaikwaiyo ba.
- Canza siga guda ɗaya a cikin AM da mantawa da sauran sigogin dogaro (ƙarfin kuzari gabaɗaya).
- Kuskure daftarin WPS don tsarin samarwa ba tare da cancantar PQR ba.
- NDT akan mahimmin ɓangaren aminci kuma la'akari da kimantawar AI azaman karɓa ta ƙarshe ba tare da izini ba.
A takaice
A cikin simintin gyare-gyare, walda da masana'anta, AI yana hanzarta aiwatar da taga, yana kwatanta alakar lahani, samar da jerin tushen tushen da zanen WPS/ feeder. Koyaya, ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na ƙarfafa ƙarfi da kwararar zafi sune na'ura, tsari, da takamaiman lissafi; Kowane shawarar siga dole ne a tabbatar da shi ta hanyar siminti, takardar shaida na gwaji da gwaji mara lalacewa, kuma a ba shi tare da ma'aunin yarda da aminci (ASME IX, ISO 15614 da sauransu) da izini mai izini. AI yana ba ku damar hango haɗarin, gwaji da dubawa yin yanke shawara.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Zaɓi tsari (simintin gyare-gyare, walda ko AM) da ingantaccen abu/geometry. Nemi taga siga na farko da alakar ma'aunin lahani daga AI tare da samfurin "TASHIN TASHI". Sannan, ƙirƙiri yanayin lahani mai maimaitawa kuma ƙirƙiri jeri na tsari da tsarin tabbatarwa tare da samfuri "DEFECT TUOT CAUSE". A ƙarshe, rubuta a cikin sakin layi wane ma'auni da kuma wace hanyar NDT za ku yi amfani da ita don karɓar wannan ɓangaren, da kuma rawar da aka ba da izini.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na ayyana tsari, abu, lissafi da ma'aunin ingancin manufa.
- [ ] Na saita taga sigar farko da alakar ma'aunin lahani.
- [ ] Na yi la'akari da muhimman abubuwa kamar carbon daidai / preheat / gina jiki.
- [ ] Na ɓullo da tushen tushen tushen tsari da shirin tabbatarwa don lahani.
- [ ] Na tabbatar da sigogi tare da coupon simulation/ gwaji.
- [ ] Na gabatar da yarda ta ƙarshe zuwa daidaitaccen NDT da izinin injiniya mai izini.