Riba:
- Ability don nazarin aikin babban injin, propeller da sarkar motsa jiki ta hanyar SFOC da ingantattun lambobi tare da AI.
- Ikon tantance madadin man fetur da zaɓuɓɓukan haɓakawa (LNG, methanol, hybrid) tare da tallafin AI
- Ƙarfin tabbatar da haɓakawar AI da ƙididdige ƙididdigewa tare da ƙwarewar thermodynamic da bayanan filin
Zuciyar jirgi tana cikin dakin injin. Babban injin (manyan dizal ko injin mai guda biyu wanda ke tuka jirgin) yana ƙone mai, yana ba da lokacin juyi zuwa ga shaft, injin ya canza wannan lokacin zuwa ƙarfin motsa jiki kuma jirgin ya ci gaba. Asarar inganci a kowace hanyar haɗin wannan sarkar an rubuta ta kai tsaye cikin lissafin man fetur da hayaƙi. A kan jirgin ruwan teku, man fetur zai iya zama fiye da rabin farashin aiki; Don haka, kowane kashi ɗaya cikin 100 na ingantacciyar ingantacciyar hanyar isar da sako yana nufin miliyoyin daloli a kowace shekara. Haka kuma, fannin; Yana cikin tsaka mai wuya ga madadin mai irin su LNG (ruwan iskar gas), methanol, ammonia da wutar lantarki. Hankali na wucin gadi (AI) yana haɓaka wannan hadadden bincike da kwatance; amma ba maye gurbin thermodynamics da bayanan filin ba.
Bari mu saita iyaka daga farkon: Babu darajar SFOC, babu ingantaccen tsarin aiki, babu alkawarin tattalin arzikin man fetur da AI ya ba da zai fassara zuwa wani saka hannun jari ko yanke shawara ba tare da tabbatar da bayanan gwajin masana'anta ba (gwajin kantin), ma'aunin zafin jiki da ma'aunin jirgin ruwa na gaske. Ma'aunin makamashi yana da ra'ayin mazan jiya; Alkawuran tanadin “kyauta” galibi kuskure ne na ɓoye ko zato.
Ra'ayoyi: SFOC: Musamman Mai Amfani da Man Fetur, Giram ɗin man da injin ya ƙone don kWh ɗaya da aka samar (g/kWh). MCR: Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ci gaba; an amince da iyakar ƙarfin injin. Load point: Yawan ikon da injin ke aiki dangane da MCR. Lanƙwalwar farfaɗo: Dangantakar saurin wutar lantarki da farfesa ya zana a wani takamaiman gudun. Ingantacciyar haɓakawa: Adadin da ake juyar da ƙarfin injin zuwa tursasawa mai tasiri. Ƙarfafawar thermal: Adadin da ake juyar da makamashin makamashin mai zuwa aiki.
Babban Injin da Ayyukan Farko
Halin tattalin arziki na injin yana bayyana ta hanyar SFOC: SFOC ya bambanta tare da nauyin kaya kuma sau da yawa ya sauke zuwa ƙimarsa mafi ƙasƙanci (mafi inganci) a kusa da 70-85% MCR a cikin injunan diesel na yau da kullum; Yana ƙaruwa a duka ƙananan kaya da yawa. AI yayi bayanin ma'anar wannan madaidaicin, yana ƙididdige yawan adadin man da ake amfani da shi don ma'aunin nauyi kuma ya ƙirƙira tambayar "ta yaya man ke canzawa lokacin jinkirin tururi?" Koyaya, ainihin ƙimar SFOC sun fito ne daga rahoton gwajin kantin injin; Lambar da AI ke kira "na al'ada" yakamata a maye gurbinta da bayanan ingin ku.
A gefen farfaganda, ana ƙayyade ingancin aiki ta wurin aiki inda ƙwanƙwasa mai ɗorewa ta haɗu da injin injin. Hull fouling (ƙazanta; halittun ruwa da algae da suka taru a ƙarƙashin jirgin ruwa) da lalatawar farfela sun canza wannan batu, ƙara juriya don haka amfani da mai. AI yana ƙididdige al'amura kamar "abin da ke faruwa da man fetur idan gurbatawa ya haifar da karuwar juriya na 5%"; Amma ana iya sanin ainihin tasirin gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu ne kawai ta hanyar bayanan sa ido akan ayyuka.
Dangantakar saurin mai tana kusan kusan doka mai siffar sukari: rage gudun dan kadan yana rage mai da adadi mai yawa daga gwargwado (kimanin iko ~ gudun³). Shi ya sa jinkirin tururi kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi na tanadi; Amma tsawon tafiyar tafiya, sadaukarwar jam'iyyar shata da asarar ingantacciyar injuna a ƙananan kaya suna cikin wannan shawarar. AI yana tattara duk waɗannan ma'auni a cikin tebur ɗaya.
Tukwici: Lokacin da kuke ba da shawarar tanadin man fetur ga AI, ku tambaye shi don rufe ma'aunin makamashi: "Ina makamashin da kuka ajiye ya fito, wane asarar kuka rage?" Da'awar tanadi ba tare da tushen zahiri ba kusan koyaushe kuskure ne na zato.
Madadin Fuel da Zaɓuɓɓukan Propulsion
Shawarar tsakanin LNG, methanol, ammonia da matasan-lantarki zažužžukan ne multidimensional: da makamashi yawa da kuma tanki girma na man fetur, greenhouse gas da kuma gida watsi (SOx, NOx, particulate) tasiri, man fetur farashin da samuwa (bunkering kayayyakin more rayuwa), na farko zuba jari, rarrabuwa da IMO dokokin (misali IGF Code, gas-harba dokokin) horo jirgin ruwa. AI yana tara waɗannan ma'auni a cikin matrix yanke shawara kuma yana yin kwatancen tushen yanayi; Amma farashin, doka da fasaha suna canzawa da sauri, don haka ana tabbatar da kowace lamba daga tushen yanzu.
man fetur/propulsion
karfi batu
wahala
Don tabbatarwa
Diesel na al'ada (VLSFO/MGO)
Yadu, shirye-shiryen ababen more rayuwa
Carbon da sulfur kaya
Farashin man fetur na yanzu, EEXI/CII sakamako
LNG
Low SOx, ƙasa da CO₂
Methane leak, ƙarar tanki
Bunkering cibiyar sadarwa, IGF yarda
methanol
Ajiye mai sauƙi, ƙona mai tsabta
ƙananan ƙarancin makamashi
Green methanol wadata, farashin
ammoniya
Konewa mara-carbon
Guba, NOx, rashin girma
Tsarin tsaro, shirye-shiryen fasaha
matasan-lantarki
Inganci a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa/maneuvering
Nauyin baturi/farashin
Load bayanin martaba, ainihin tanadi
Mini Cases
Case 1 - SFOC ba zai yuwu ba. Ƙungiya ta buƙaci kimanta SFOC daga AI don mai watsa shiri. AI yana ba da 155 g/kWh. Mafi kyawun SFOC a cikin manyan dizels masu bugun jini na zamani yawanci akan tsari na 165-175 g/kWh; 155 g/kWh yana da kyakkyawan fata ga fasaha na yanzu. Duban rahoton gwajin kantin ma'aikatan jirgin, ainihin SFOC mafi ƙasƙanci shine 169 g/kWh. Wannan bambance-bambancen g/kWh 14 yana nufin gagarumin sabani na kasafin kuɗi a cikin dubun dubatan man fetur a shekara. Darasi: SFOC ana ɗauka koyaushe daga ingantattun bayanan gwajin injin.
Case na 2 - Ma'aunin tururi a hankali. Mai jirgin ruwa yana la'akari da rage gudun daga 15 kulli zuwa 13 knots. Dangane da ka'idar cubic, AI tana ƙididdige raguwar ikon motsawa kusan 35% (da ajiyar man fetur kusa da wancan). Duk da haka, yayin da lokacin tafiya ya karu, SFOC na injin yana ƙaruwa kadan a ƙananan kaya. Lokacin da aka yi la'akari da duk ma'auni, asusun ajiyar kuɗi ya ɗan yi ƙasa kaɗan fiye da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga, amma har yanzu mahimmanci. Darasi: ka'idar cubic kyakkyawan zato ne na farko, amma lokacin tafiya da ƙarancin ɗaukar nauyi yana fushi da yanke shawara.
Case 3 - Rashin girman girman man fetur. Ɗaya daga cikin binciken ya kwatanta mai guda biyu akan farashin kowace ton, yana kawar da methanol a matsayin "tsada." Koyaya, yawan kuzarin methanol yana ƙasa da dizal; Ana buƙatar ƙarin ton don yin tafiya ɗaya, kuma ƙarar tanki ya zama mafi girma kuma ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi yana raguwa. Matsayi yana canzawa lokacin da aka yi la'akari da farashin kowane makamashi da asarar kaya. Darasi: Ana kwatanta man fetur a kowace naúrar makamashi da jimlar tasirin tafiya, ba farashin kowace ton ba.
Samfuran Sauƙaƙen Kwafi
Samfurin 1 - SFOC da nazarin ma'aunin kaya:
Matsayi: Kai mashawarcin tsarin tukin jirgi ne. Magana (wakili): babban injin MCR ~ 12,000 kW, nauyin sabis ~ 80% MCR. Aiki: 1) Bayyana dalilin da yasa SFOC ya bambanta da ma'aunin nauyi. 2) Yi ƙididdige yawan adadin man da aka yi amfani da shi don ma'aunin nauyin da na bayar. 3) Bayyana ko ƙimar SFOC da kuke amfani da ita "na al'ada" ce ko auna. Ƙuntatawa: Rubuta cewa zan sami ainihin SFOC daga rahoton gwajin kantin injin; ba da sakamakon da wannan bayanai tunatar da ni canza shi. Raka'a g/kWh, kW, t/rana.
Misali na 2 - Sake-sake a hankali:
Saita jinkirin bincike na tururi don jirgi. Shigarwa (wakilta): Gudun halin yanzu [X] kulli, gudun ɗan takara [Y] kulli, nisan tafiya [Z] nm. Ina so: 1) Kimanin wutar lantarki da canjin man fetur tare da alakar cubic mai saurin wuta. 2) Yadda ake tsawaita lokacin tafiya da tasirinsa. 3) Yadda karuwa a cikin SFOC a ƙananan kaya zai rage ajiyar kuɗi. Ƙuntatawa: Ƙaddamar da sauri na jam'iyyar Yarjejeniya da ƙananan iyaka na injin yana ƙuntata wannan shawarar; yi musu alama a matsayin "dole ne a duba".
Samfura 3 - Madadin shawarar matrix na mai:
Saita matrix kwatanta LNG, methanol da dizal na al'ada akan ma'auni masu zuwa: yawan makamashi / ƙarar tanki, CO₂ da hayaƙin gida, farashin mai, kayan aikin bunkering, saka hannun jari na farko, rarrabuwa / yarda da IMO. Ƙuntatawa: Tag farashin da bayanan tsari tare da alamar "tabbatar da tushen yanzu"; Kada ku yi takamaiman zaɓi, bayar da yanayi. Yi kwatancen kowane rukunin makamashi, ba kawai farashin ton ba.
Samfura na 4 - Tabbatar da ingancin tattalin arzikin mai:
Yi la'akari da da'awar tanadin man fetur mai zuwa:[manna shawarwarin da da'awar % tanadi]1) Wace asara ta jiki wannan ajiyar ta rage? Rufe ma'auni na makamashi.2) Shin zato (daidaitan aikawa, gurbatawa, bayanin martaba) daidai ne?3) Ta yaya zan tabbatar da wannan da'awar tare da ainihin bayanan balaguron balaguro? Bincika duk wani abu na ajiyar da ba a tabbatar ba.
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rawanin faɗakarwa:
Sunan mai mafi inganci kuma mafi kyawun babban injin wannan jirgi.
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:
Matsayi: Kai mai ba da shawara ne na aikawa da kuzari. Mahimmanci (wakili): babban dillali mai matsakaici, MCR ~ 9,000 kW, saurin sabis ~ 14 kulli, doguwar tafiye-tafiyen teku. Aiki: Kwatanta dizal na al'ada da LNG dangane da farashin kowace naúrar makamashi, fitarwa (EEXI / CII sakamako) da ƙarar tanki / asarar kai. Ƙuntatawa: Alama farashin da lambobi kamar "tabbata daga tushen yanzu"; Bayyana cewa zan maye gurbin SFOC tare da bayanan gwajin kantin sayar da kayayyaki; samar da tsayayyen yanke shawara, ingantattun al'amura.
Rarraunan hanzari ya ce "mafi kyau" kuma ba za a iya tabbatarwa ba; Mahalli mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yana fayyace girman kwatancen da wuraren tabbatarwa.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Kuskuren SFOC na yau da kullun don gaske. SFOC na "na al'ada" da AI ya dawo ya kamata a maye gurbinsa da bayanan gwajin shagon ku.
- Ba rufe ma'aunin makamashi ba. Da'awar ajiyar man fetur ba tare da tushen zahiri ba yawanci kuskure ne na zato.
- Kwatanta mai da farashin kowace ton. Idan ba a manta da bambancin yawan kuzarin kuzari ba, mai ƙarancin ƙarancin man fetur ya yi kama da yaudara “mai arha”.
- Mantawa da lokacin kamfen a cikin jinkirin tururi. Man fetur yana raguwa amma lokaci yana ƙaruwa; jajircewar shata da ƙarancin nauyi ya canza shawarar.
- Yin sakaci don ƙazanta. Hull da propeller fouling yana tayar da ainihin amfani da man fetur daga kimantawa; ya kamata a kula da bayanan aiki.
A takaice
AI yana sa ya yi sauri don nazarin aikin sarkar isar da saƙo ta hanyar SFOC da ingantattun masu lanƙwasa, kafa ma'auni mai saurin tururi, da kwatanta madadin mai. Koyaya, ƙimar SFOC sun fito ne daga bayanan gwajin ingin da aka tabbatar, ana gwada da'awar tattalin arzikin man fetur akan ma'aunin makamashi, ana kwatanta mai a kowace naúrar makamashi, kuma kowane farashi / lambar doka an tabbatar da shi daga tushen yanzu. Thermodynamics yana da ra'ayin mazan jiya; Babu “kyauta” yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Don wakilin mai watsa shiri (MCR ~ 10,000 kW, nauyin sabis ~ 80%), yi AI bayyana dangantakar SFOC-load da ƙididdige kusan man fetur na yau da kullun don ma'aunin nauyi. Sa'an nan kuma ƙirƙira tasirin mai mai cubic na rage gudu ta 1 kulli kuma tattauna tasirin lokacin tafiya da ƙananan kaya SFOC. A ƙarshe, a yi amfani da samfurin "tabbacin sahihancin tattalin arzikin man fetur" akan shawara da bayar da rahoto ko ta sami ma'aunin makamashi.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [] Na fayyace ko ƙimar SFOC da na yi amfani da ita ta kasance ta al'ada ko auna.
- [ ] Na tabbatar da cewa da'awar tanadin man fetur yana daidaita ma'aunin makamashi.
- [ ] Na kwatanta madadin man fetur a kowace naúrar makamashi da tasirin tafiya.
- [ ] Na yi la'akari da lokacin tafiya da ƙarancin inganci a cikin jinkirin tururi.
- [ ] Na tabbatar da farashin da lambobin ƙa'ida daga tushen yanzu.
- [ ] Na dogara na ƙarshe saka hannun jari / yanke shawarar aiki akan thermodynamics da bayanan filin.