Riba:
- Ikon bayyana MPS, MRP da dabarun tsara jadawalin bita a matakin asali
- Ikon kwatanta dokokin tsarawa da yanayin yanayi (SPT, EDD, rabo mai mahimmanci) tare da AI
- Ikon dubawa da gyara iya aiki da ƙuntatawa a cikin fitarwa na AI
Shirye-shiryen samarwa shine tsarin kashin baya wanda ke tsara "menene, yaushe, da wane albarkatun" zaku samar. Kyakkyawan tsari yana cika kwanakin ƙarshe, baya barin inji kuma baya haɓaka haja; Mummunan shiri yana haifar da hargitsi, karin lokaci da kuma ƙarshen bayarwa. AI yana da ƙarfi a wannan yanki wajen kwatanta ƙa'idodin tsarawa, samar da yanayi, da ƙuntatawa; Duk da haka, yana iya yin watsi da iya aiki da matsalolin fifiko da kuma samar da tsare-tsaren da suke "kyakkyawan kan takarda amma ba a iya aiwatarwa". A cikin wannan rukunin, za mu rufe ra'ayoyin MPS/MRP, ƙa'idodin tsarawa, da kuma yadda ake tabbatar da fitowar AI.
Matsayin Tsara: MPS da MRP
Shirye-shiryen samarwa shine matsayi daga gaba ɗaya zuwa takamaiman.
Mataki
Me yake aikatawa
lokaci sararin sama
S&OP / Babban shirin
Kusan yana tabbatar da ma'aunin ƙarfin buƙata
watanni
MPS (Jadawalin Samar da Jagora)
Yana raba samfurin da aka gama zuwa lokaci
makonni
MRP (Shirye-shiryen Abubuwan Bukatun Kayan Aiki)
Yana cire abubuwan buƙatun daga BOM
makonni/kwanaki
Shirye-shiryen taron bita
Sanya ayyuka akan injuna/agogo
Kwanaki / awanni
Ma'anar MRP abu ne mai sauƙi: Ana ɗaukar buƙatar samfurin da aka gama (MPS), fashewa tare da lissafin kayan (BOM), hannun jari da buɗaɗɗen umarni ana cire su, kuma ana mayar da buƙatun net ta lokacin jagorar (offsetting). AI yana da kyau wajen bayyana wannan ma'ana da kafa misali teburi.
Matsayi: Kai injiniyan masana'antu ne wanda ya ƙware wajen tsara samarwa. Aiki: Saita tebur mai sauƙi na MRP don samfur mai zuwa. Nuna layuka don babban buƙatu, bayarwa da aka tsara, hannun jari, buƙatun net da tsari da aka tsara kowane mako. Samfura: A (babban buƙatun mako-mako: {{ ƙimar}}) Farawa hannun jari: {{ x }}, Lokacin jagora/samar: {{ y makonni}}, Girman Lot: {{ lot}} Dokokin: An ƙididdige ƙayyadadden bayanin yadda ake aiwatar da kowane tantanin halitta. Samar da ƙima mai ƙima.
Tukwici: Kuskuren gama gari a cikin fitowar MRP shine kuskuren lokacin jagorar kuskure. Bincika layi ta layi cewa layin sakin oda na AI da aka shirya yana gaban ainihin lokacin jagorar buƙatun net.
Dokokin Tsara (Dokokin aikawa)
Tsarin da kuke gudanar da ayyukan jira akan na'ura kai tsaye yana shafar matsakaicin latency da lokacin kwarara. Sharuɗɗan fifiko na gama gari:
- FCFS (Farko zuwa, fara hidima): Daidai amma ba daidaitacce ba.
- SPT (Mafi gajeriyar lokacin sarrafawa): Rage matsakaicin lokacin yawo da matsakaicin latency; Yana jinkirta dogon ayyuka.
- EDD (Kwanin bayarwa na farko): Yana da kyau a rage matsakaicin jinkiri.
- Matsakaicin Mahimmanci (CR): (Sauran lokacin / ragowar lokacin aiki); da kuzari yana daidaita ma'aunin isarwa.
Karamin misali. Ayyuka hudu, inji guda, lokutan sarrafawa da kwanakin bayarwa:
Kasuwanci | Lokacin sarrafawa | BayarwaA | 4 | 6B | 2 | 4C | 6 | 8D | 1 | Tsarin 3SPT (ta lokaci): D (1), B (2), A (4), C (6) Lokacin kammalawa: D = 1, B = 3, A = 7, C = 13 Jimlar lokutan kwarara = 1 + 3 + 7 + 13 = 24 → matsakaita = 6.0EDD oda (ta hanyar bayarwa): D (3), B = (4), A (6), C (Lokaci 8), A (6), C: 8) C=13 Jinkiri: D:0, B:0, A:1, C:5 → matsakaicin jinkiri = 5
Dokoki daban-daban sun inganta maƙasudi daban-daban: matsakaicin matsakaicin SPT, ƙimar jinkirin EDD. "Wanne ne daidai?" Amsar tambayar ta dogara da manufar, kuma kawai saboda AI ta ce "wannan shine mafi kyau" bai yanke wannan shawarar ba.
Rauni Mai Sauƙi / Ƙarfi Mai ƙarfi
Rawanin faɗakarwa:
Tsara waɗannan ayyukan ta hanya mafi kyau.
"Mafi kyau" ba a bayyana shi ba; AI yana ba da oda bazuwar ba tare da sanin dalilin da yake ingantawa ba.
Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi:
Sanya waɗannan ayyukan ta amfani da duka SPT da dokokin EDD. Yi ƙididdige lokutan ƙarewa, matsakaicin lokacin kwarara da matsakaicin jinkiri ga kowane jere kuma yi tebur kwatanta. Burina shi ne in "rage ra'ayin da ya ɓace". Faɗa mani wace ƙa'ida ce ta fi dacewa da wannan dalili, tare da dalilai.Aiki: {{list}}. Nuna matakan asusun.
Sautin na biyu yana fayyace manufar, yana kwatanta dokoki da yawa, kuma yana sa asusun a bayyane; Idan ba tare da waɗannan ukun ba, shawarar ginshiƙi ba abin dogaro bane.
Ƙarfi da Ƙuntatawa
Idan shirin ya wuce iya aiki, ba shi da inganci. Tabbatar duba jadawalin da aka samar da AI a kan maƙasudai masu zuwa: ƙarfin injin (awanni), iyakokin canzawa, lokutan saiti, alaƙar fifiko (aikin ɗaya dole ne ya ƙare kafin wani), da wadatar kayan.
Bincika ginshiƙi mai zuwa don cin zarafi: - Shin jimillar lodi na mako ya wuce ƙarfin (awanni 40 / mako) akan kowace na'ura? - An haɗa lokutan saitin? - An kiyaye ƙuntatawar fifiko (aikin B dole ne ya ƙare kafin A)? Chart: {{...}}. Idan kun sami cin zarafi, jera su a cikin tambura kuma ku ba da shawarar gyara.
Tsanaki: AI sau da yawa yana "manta" ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki kuma yana ɗaukar injin tare da sa'o'i 45 na aiki. Kafin yanke shawarar samarwa, tattara jimlar kowane mako na kowane inji da hannu ko tare da tebur kuma kwatanta shi da iya aiki.
Karamin Case: Injin Bottleneck da Doka mara kyau
A cikin kantin sayar da ƙarfe, ana jinkirin kawowa koyaushe. Injiniyan masana'antu Cansu ya ga cewa ana rarraba ayyuka tare da FCFS. Yana ba AI bayanan baya na yanzu, lokutan aiki, da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun lokaci kuma yana tambayar shi don kwatanta SPT, EDD, da rabo mai mahimmanci. AI yana ƙididdige ma'auni don duk dokoki guda uku: SPT ya fi kyau a matsakaicin matsakaici, amma wasu manyan ayyuka sun yi latti; EDD yana rage girman latency sosai. Cansu ya canza zuwa EDD akan benci na kwalbar. Amma jadawalin farko da AI ya ba da shawarar ya keta alaƙar fifikon ayyukan biyu (taro na buƙatar jiki da farko); Cansu ya kama wannan a matakin sarrafawa kuma ya gyara shi. Sakamakon: jinkiri yana raguwa. AI ya yi kwatanta mulkin; Binciken ɗan adam ne ya kama cin zarafi.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Charting ba tare da fayyace manufa ba: Faɗin "mafi kyau"; alhali SPT da EDD sun inganta dalilai daban-daban.
- Rashin ikon sarrafawa: Tunanin cewa shirin wuce gona da iri na AI yana yiwuwa.
- Yin watsi da lokutan saiti: Yin watsi da lokutan saiti da fito da tsarin da ba ya aiki a zahiri.
- Ketare iyakokin fifiko: Ba da fifikon fifiko, kamar odar taro, ba tare da duba su ba.
- Gyara akan ka'ida ɗaya: Yin amfani da ƙa'ida ɗaya a kowane yanayi; Lokacin da kwalbar kwalba da matsin isarwa suka canza, ƙa'idar kuma yakamata ta canza.
A takaice
- Shirye-shiryen samarwa shine matsayi daga gaba ɗaya zuwa takamaiman: S&OP → MPS → MRP → jadawalin shago.
- Kuskure mafi mahimmanci a cikin MRP shine canjin lokacin jagora; Duba layin fitar da AI ta layi.
- Dokokin tsarawa (SPT, EDD, CR) inganta dalilai daban-daban; Zaɓin dokoki ya dogara da manufar.
- Bincika kowane jadawalin da AI ke samarwa akan iya aiki, saiti, da iyakokin fifiko.
- AI yana haifar da kwatanta da labari; Mutum ne ya gano cin zarafi kuma ya yanke shawara.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Ƙirƙirar matsalar tsara tsarin bita don ayyuka aƙalla 5 (tare da lokutan sarrafawa da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun lokaci). Shin AI ta ware waɗannan ayyukan tare da tsarin SPT da EDD; Yi lissafin matsakaicin lokacin kwarara da matsakaicin jinkiri ga kowane jerin gwano. Tabbatarwa mai mahimmanci: da hannu ƙididdige lokutan ƙarewa da awo don aƙalla doka ɗaya kuma kwatanta da AI. Sannan ƙara iyakance fifiko (misali "aikin C dole ne ya ƙare kafin aikin A") kuma duba ko jadawalin AI ya keta wannan ƙuntatawa. A ƙarshe, ba da hujja a cikin jumla ɗaya wace dokar da za ku zaɓa bisa la'akari da manufar ku (matsakaicin kwarara ko jinkiri mafi girma).