Riba:
- Ƙarfin sanya binciken a cikin labari-hudu-hudu da nuna haske ('menene ma'anar wannan')
- Ikon haɓaka saƙon tare da bambance-bambance kamar kafin / bayan da manufa / gaskiya da haɗa kowane hoto zuwa jumla a cikin labarin.
- Ikon gina labari na gaskiya ba tare da fadawa tarko na zaɓaɓɓun bayanan ba, ƙari, da dalilan ƙarya
Mutane suna manta da zane-zane, suna tunawa da labaru. Ba da labari yana canza lambobi daga zama busassun tarin zane zuwa labari tare da farko, tsakiya da ƙarshe. Manufar ba shine a ƙawata bayanan ba; Shi ne don amsa tambayoyin masu sauraro "abin da ya faru, me ya sa yake da mahimmanci, menene zan yi" a daidai tsari. A cikin wannan rukunin, za mu koyi yadda ake amfani da hankali na wucin gadi don gina labari mai gaskiya da abin tunawa daga bayananku.
Bangare uku na labarin: mahallin, rikici, ƙuduri
Kowane labarin yana da kashin baya:
- Magana: Ina muka tsaya? "A bara mun shiga sabbin kasuwanni 3."
- Rikici / tashin hankali: Menene ya canza, wace matsala / dama ta wanzu? "Amma a daya daga cikinsu, tallace-tallace ya ragu tsawon watanni 6."
- Magani / mataki: Me ya kamata mu yi? "Muna buƙatar sake duba farashin a wannan kasuwa."
Har ila yau, akwai ma'anar fahimta: bincike mai ma'ana daga bayanan da masu sauraro ba su gani ba. Jadawalin yana nuna bayanan; basira ta gaya muku abin da ake nufi. Bayar da labari ya dace da fahimta cikin labari.
Tukwici: Kada a ce "Bayanan sun nuna wannan," kuyi tunanin "Bayanin ya faɗi wannan." Taswirar hujja ce; Labarin shine ma'anar wannan hujja.
Daga basira zuwa labari: mataki-mataki
- Rubuta ainihin fahimta a cikin jumla ɗaya. "A kasuwa X, raguwa ba saboda farashi ba ne, amma don lokacin bayarwa."
- Kafa mahallin. A ina ya kamata mai kallo ya fara?
- Nuna tashin hankali. Bambanci tsakanin abin da ake tsammani da abin da ke faruwa a zahiri.
- Saka shaida (jadawali). Kowane jadawali yana tabbatar da jumla.
- Bayyana mafita/aiki. Menene ya kamata mai kallo ya yi a wurin fita?
- Rage shi zuwa saƙo guda ɗaya. Ya kamata a taƙaice labarin a cikin jumla ɗaya.
Matsayinku: editan labarin bayanai. Abubuwan da na samo (raw): [abu ta lambobi / abubuwan lura]. Babban fahimtata: "[jumla ɗaya]". Aiki: Juya wannan zuwa labari tare da tsarin 'context → tashin hankali → ƙuduri'. Ga kowane sashe: jimlolin rubutu 1-2 + shawara don nau'in hoto don tabbatar da wannan sashe. Kada ku wuce gona da iri, gyara lambobi; sanya alamar da'awar ba a cikin bayanai azaman '[tabbatarwa]'. Sautin: [manufa / mai ban sha'awa / ƙarfafawa].
Don haɗa ginshiƙi zuwa labari:
Yi wannan zane-zane na labari: rubuta sakon DAYA da hoton ya nuna a cikin jumla ɗaya, sannan a ba da shawarar jimlar 'saitin' da ke shirya masu sauraro don zane da kuma jumla 'so menene' bayan zane.Graphic: [recipe]. Binciken: [...].
"Kafin/bayan" da kuma kwatanta labarun
Labarun bayanai mafi ƙarfi sun kafa adawa: kafin/bayan, manufa/ainihin, mu/mai takara, sa ran/abin da ya faru. Sabanin yana haifar da tashin hankali a cikin tunanin masu sauraro kuma yana kaifin saƙo.
Nau'in kwatance
misali labari
dace mai hoto
kafin/bayan
"kwanaki 9 kafin canjin tsari, kwanaki 4 bayan"
Dual mashaya/tsarin gangara
manufa/ainihin
"Manufar shine haɓaka 10%, mun tsaya a 4%"
bar layin manufa
tsammanin/faru
"Mun yi tsammanin raguwar bazara, amma karuwar ya zo"
Layi + shaded tsammanin band
Sashe/duka
"70% na asarar daga mataki daya ne"
Matsakaicin mashaya tare da hover
Saita labarin 'kafin/bayan'. Kafin: [lambar+lamba].Bayan: [lambar+lambar]. Dalilin sauyin: [...].Aiki: Ba da shawarar ƙaramin labari mai jimiloli 3 (ma'ana, canji, sakamako) da nau'in ginshiƙi wanda zai nuna wannan bambanci a gaskiya. Kada ku yi ƙoƙarin yin canjin girma fiye da yadda yake.
Mutunci: kar labarin ya gurbata bayanai
Bangaren inuwa na ba da labari yana zaɓin gabatar da bayanai don ƙarfafa labarin. Yi hankali da tarko guda biyu:
- Zaɓan bayanan (ceri- picking): Nuna lokaci/bangaren da ya dace da labarin da ɓoye wanda bai yi ba.
- Dalilin dalili: "A ya karu, B ya karu, don haka A ya haifar da B" - dangantaka ba dalili ba ne.
Tsanaki: Labari mai kyau yana rinjayar; Amma lallashi bai kamata ya zama izinin karkatar da bayanai ba. "Wane irin bayanin da bai dace da wannan labarin ba?" Tambayi kanka ka nuna idan ya cancanta.
uku mini lokuta
Hali 1 - Daga zanen zuwa labari. Wata ƙungiya ta gabatar da tebur mai layi 12 ga gudanarwa, amma babu wanda ya fahimci komai. Tare da AI, sun sami fahimtar: "80% na ribar ta fito ne daga samfuran 3." Sun gina gabatarwa a kusa da wannan jumla ɗaya. A karo na farko, gudanarwa ta yanke shawara mai kyau (mayar da hankali ga waɗannan samfurori 3).
Case 2 - Kafin/bayan. Wani asibiti ya yi canji wanda ya rage lokacin jira, amma gabatarwar ta ƙunshi lambobi masu bushewa. Sun kafa taswirar gangara tare da bambanci "minti 47 na farko, sannan mintuna 19". Nan take aka fahimci tasirin canjin kuma aka fadada kasafin.
Case 3 - Gyara zaɓaɓɓun bayanai. Wani dan kasuwa ya tsara manyan makonni 2 kawai don nuna nasarar yakin. Tambayi AI "akwai bayanan da bai dace da wannan labarin ba?" sai ya tambaya; samfurin ya tuna da raguwar yakin neman zabe. Ƙungiyar ta nuna dukan lokaci kuma ta ba da sakon gaskiya cewa "ana buƙatar bin diddigin tasiri mai dorewa."
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rauni:
Labari mai ban sha'awa ya fito daga waɗannan bayanan.
Sha'awar "mai ban sha'awa" yana tura samfurin zuwa ƙari da kuma zaɓin gabatarwa; gaskiya batace.
Mai ƙarfi:
Matsayinku: editan labarin bayanai. Mahimmin fahimta: "70% na asarar suna cikin matakin bayarwa". Sakamako: [lambobi]. Aiki: gina ingantaccen labari a cikin tsarin mahallin → dakatarwa → warwarewa, daidaita jadawali zuwa kowane sashe, kuma nuna idan akwai bayanan da BAI dace da wannan fahimtar ba. Kada ku wuce gona da iri, kada ku gabatar da alaƙa a matsayin sanadi, rubuta [tabbatarwa] ga abin da baya cikin bayanan.
Ƙarshen duka yana ba da tsari kuma yana buƙatar gaskiya (nuna bayanan da bai dace ba, kada ku yi da'awar dalili).
Zane ɗaya, saƙo ɗaya: rarraba labari a cikin nunin faifai
The strongest rule of thumb when putting a data story into a presentation is: one chart on one slide, one message on one chart. Mai kallo ba zai iya kallon hotuna guda uku a lokaci guda kuma ya zana ƙarshe. Maimakon nuna hadaddun ginshiƙi lokaci guda, yana da matukar tasiri a ci gaba da bayyana shi: na farko axis mara kyau, sannan layi ɗaya, sannan layin kwatance, a ƙarshe an ba da fifiko. A kowane mataki za ku bayyana abin da kuke cewa; mai kallo "karanta" ginshiƙi tare da ku.
Matsayinku: editan gabatarwar bayanai. Ina da jadawali mai yawa guda ɗaya: [girke-girke]. Maimakon nuna wannan akan faifai ɗaya, yi shirin 'cascade bayyana' mataki na 3-4 wanda zai ɗauki mai kallo mataki-mataki. Menene ya kamata ya bayyana akan ginshiƙi a kowane mataki kuma menene zan faɗi? Saƙon da za a haskaka a ƙarshe shine: "[yanayin]".
Sanya taken ginshiƙi na labarin, kuma: "Yankin Yamma kaɗai ke haifar da haɓaka," ba "Siyarwar Yanki ba." Taken ya bayyana sakamakon ginshiƙi; Mai kallo ya duba ya san me zai gani.
Tukwici: Idan akwai taswira sama da biyu akan faifan, ƙila kuna zazzage saƙonni guda biyu ko uku akan faifai ɗaya. Raba: ba kowane saƙon nasa zamewar.
Kuskuren gama gari
- Gabatar da tarin zane-zane: Zane-zanen zane-zane a jere ba tare da labari ba.
- Labari ba tare da fahimta ba: Faɗin "abin da ya faru" amma barin "abin da ake nufi".
- Zaɓaɓɓen bayanai: Boye bayanan da basu dace da labarin ba.
- Dalili na ƙarya: Gabatar da alaƙa a matsayin "sakamako."
- Zaɓi nau'ikan don ƙari: Yin amfani da zane-zane masu ɓarna don haɓaka tasirin.
- Saƙonni da yawa: Daidaita "babban labari" fiye da ɗaya cikin gabatarwa.
A takaice
Bayar da labari yana sanya lambobi a cikin mahallin-tashin hankali-bayyani da nuna haske ("menene ma'anar wannan"). Bambance-bambance (kafin/bayan, manufa/ainihin) suna kaifafa saƙon. AI yana da ƙarfi wajen juya bincikenku zuwa labari; Amma kar a fada cikin tarko na zaɓaɓɓun bayanai, wuce gona da iri da dalilai na ƙarya. Labari mai kyau yana lallashewa kuma baya karkatar da bayanai.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Zana haske daga saitin bayanan ku. (1) Rubuta shi a cikin jumla guda. (2) Samar da hankali na wucin gadi ya samar da labari a cikin mahallin-tsarin-ƙuduri-ƙuduri da daidaita hoto zuwa kowane sashe. (3) "Wane bayanai ne ba su dace da wannan labarin ba?" da kuma haɗa amsar da gaskiya a cikin labarin. (4) Rage labarin zuwa jumla guda.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Ina da babban fahimta guda ɗaya kuma zan iya rubuta shi a cikin jumla ɗaya.
- [] An tsara labarin a cikin yanayin yanayin-tashin hankali-tsari.
- [ ] Kowane jadawali yana tabbatar da jumla a cikin labarin.
- [ ] Ban ɓoye bayanan da ba su dace da labarin ba.
- [ ] Ban gabatar da alaƙa a matsayin dalili ba.
- [ ] Za a iya rage labarin zuwa jumla guda.