Riba:
- Ikon canza rahoton matukin jirgi mai ban sha'awa (PIREP) zuwa bayanin kuskuren da aka tsara wanda aka sanya a daidai sashin ATA tare da hankali na wucin gadi.
- Ƙarfin fahimtar cewa lambar kuskure alama ce, ba tushen tushen ba, kuma a yi amfani da mai haɗawa / wayoyi kafin maye gurbin sashi a cikin zaɓin matsala.
- Ƙarfin fahimtar cewa nassoshi na FIM/aiki da jerin abubuwan da za a iya haifar da su ta hanyar basirar wucin gadi sune hasashe waɗanda ke buƙatar tabbatarwa.
Kowane aikin kulawa yana farawa da rikodin kuma yana ƙare da rikodin. Zuciyar kula da jirgin shine yadda aka bayyana kuskuren, rubutawa da ware. A cikin wannan rukunin, za mu rufe yadda ake amfani da hankali na wucin gadi (AI) azaman mai haɓakawa a cikin waɗannan zobe guda uku - fahimtar rahoton matukin jirgi, fassarar lambobin kuskure, da kuma gyara matsala - amma me yasa ba za ku taɓa barin shawarar ganowa gare shi ba.
Bari mu fara bayyana sharuɗɗan. PIREP (Rahoton Pilot) sau da yawa takaitacce ne, mara fasaha kuma mara kyau: "Wani hayaniyar da ba a saba gani ba ta faru yayin da kayan saukarwa ke saukowa." MAREP (Rahoton Kulawa) na iya zama ƙarin fasaha. Tech Log (Technical Logbook - fasaha logbook na jirgin sama, da hukuma rikodin malfunctions da ayyukan da aka yi) shi ne littafin da duk waɗannan an tattara su bisa doka. Jiragen sama na zamani kuma suna da CMS/CMC (Tsarin Kulawa na Tsakiya/Kwamfuta); Tsarin yana adana lambar kuskure da rikodin saƙon da suke samarwa a nan.
Gina m bayanin ɗan adam
Akwai tazara mai nisa tsakanin furucin matukin jirgin na "babban jijjiga" da lambar kuskure. AI yana da amfani sosai wajen daidaita wannan nisa: yana ɗaukar rubutu na kyauta, ya juya shi zuwa bayanin gazawar da aka tsara - wane lokaci jirgin da yake cikin (tashi, hawa, cruise, saukowa), wane tsarin (yankin ATA) zai iya damuwa, ko ya sake dawowa. Wannan ƙungiyar bayanai ce, ba bincike ba. Mahimmin mahimmanci: Tsarin da AI ke samarwa shine saitin hasashe; Nazarin hannu da na jiki sun tantance wanda ya dace.
Bari mu tuna da ra'ayi na ATA partition: ATA 100 misali lambobin jirgin sama ta tsarin (21 kwandishan, 27 jirgin controls, 28 man fetur, 29 hydraulics, 32 saukowa kaya, 34 kewayawa, 49 APU, 72 injuna). Sanya kuskure a daidai sashin ATA shine mataki na farko na isa ga jagorar da ya dace da kuma ƙwararren ƙwararren. AI yana da sauri wajen yin taswirar girke-girke mara tabbas ga yiwuwar sassan ATA - amma "wataƙila" baya nufin "tabbas."
Tukwici: Lokacin ba PIREP ga AI, faɗi ainihin jumlar matukin jirgin ba tare da canza shi ba. Idan kun maye gurbin "vibration" tare da fassarar ku ("watakila fan rashin daidaituwa"), za ku ɗauki AI ta hanyar da ba daidai ba daga farko. Bar danyen bayanan danye; Ajiye sharhin don bayan tabbatarwa.
Lambobin kuskure: ƙamus, ba bincike ba
Na'urorin avionics na zamani da tsarin injin suna haifar da lambobi masu ƙima idan akwai matsala. An fayyace ma'anar waɗannan lambobin a cikin FIM (Manual warewa Manual) ko ƙamus na kuskuren ƙira. AI yana taimakawa fassara lambar zuwa harshen ɗan adam kuma yana ƙididdige abubuwan da za a iya yi; Amma akwai manyan tarko guda biyu a nan.
Na farko: lamba ɗaya na iya nufin abubuwa daban-daban a cikin nau'ikan jiragen sama daban-daban har ma da lambobi daban-daban na software. Nau'in AI na iya haɗuwa. Na biyu: lambar sau da yawa tana nuna alamar, ba tushen tushen ba. Misali, lambar "rashin daidaituwar bayanan iska" na iya haifar da kuskuren firikwensin firikwensin, toshe bututun pitot, ko haɗin waya. AI ya lissafa yiwuwar; Kuna gano wanene na gaske ta hanyar kallo da auna FIM mataki-mataki.
AI a cikin Shirya matsala: janareta na hasashe
Kyakkyawar keɓantacce ba shine "matsala matsala ta harbi" (maye gurbin sassan bazuwar); Tsarin tsari ne, tsarin kawarwa. Wannan shine inda AI ke haskakawa azaman janareta na hasashe da tunasarwar lissafin:
- Bayyana alamar: lokaci, yanayi, yawan maimaitawa, sauran alamun da ke biye.
- Jerin abubuwan da za a iya haifar da su: Tambayi AI a cikin tsari na yuwuwar; kira wane mataki FIM ga kowane.
- Fara daga gwaji mai arha da sauri: rajistan haɗin gwiwa / mai haɗawa, gwajin BITE, dubawa na gani.
- Ci gaba da zaɓi: adana sakamakon kowane gwaji; Yi la'akari da hasashe.
- Tabbatarwa da rufe: yi gwajin aiki bayan gyarawa / gwajin dawowa-zuwa-sabis.
A cikin waɗannan matakan, AI yana tunatar da ku tsari kuma yana nuna yiwuwar rashin kula. Amma yanke shawarar "maye gurbin wannan ɓangaren" FIM ce ta yanke shawara da kuma binciken jiki.
Hankali: Hattara da tarkon Ba a Samu Laifi (NFF). Kafin cire wani sashi, keɓe ko a zahiri laifin yana cikin wannan ɓangaren ko a cikin wayoyi/haɗa/software. AI yana nufin cewa "canji bangaren"; Duk da haka, wani muhimmin ɓangare na rashin aikin avionics yana haifar da igiyoyi da haɗin kai (za mu zurfafa wannan a cikin kashi na 5).
uku mini lokuta
Case 1 - Haɓaka girke-girke. Wani masanin fasaha ya ba AI wani PIREP na "latsa hagu kan saukowa." AI yana yin wannan ta hanyar lokaci (saukarwa), sassan ATA mai yiwuwa (gear saukowa 32, kofofin 52 a matsayin sakandare) kuma "akwai maimaitawa?" tsara tare da tambaya. Ma'aikacin ya duba kundin fasaha na jirage 10 na ƙarshe, ya ga cewa matsalar ta sake faruwa a cikin jirage 3, kuma ya mai da hankali kan binciken maƙallan murfin kayan saukarwa; Matsalar ta kasance sako-sako da fastener. Kimanin mintuna 25 aka ajiye idan aka kwatanta da neman makaho.
Case 2 - Kamus na lambar ya haɓaka, ganewar asali ya fito ne daga ɗan adam. Don lambar "ɓarcewar bayanan iska", AI ta lissafa dalilai guda uku masu yiwuwa: pitot/ cunkoso a tsaye, gazawar ADC (Air Data Computer), wayoyi. Ma'aikacin ya fara da mafi arha gwajin: pitot ya duba dumama da magudanar ruwa, ya sami wani madaidaicin tashar jiragen ruwa a rufe. An magance matsalar ba tare da maye gurbin sashin ba; An kauce wa canjin ADC da ba dole ba (farashin tsada + haɗarin da ba dole ba).
Case 3 - Hallucination kama. YZ ya ambaci lambar injin a matsayin "Aikin FIM 73-21-00-810-801". Lokacin da ma'aikacin ya duba FIM, wannan lambar ba ta cikin sashin lambar; AI ta sanya lambar. Madaidaicin sauti wani aiki ne daban a cikin jagora. Rikicin daurin albarkatun ya hana ci gaba ta hanyar da ba daidai ba.
Samfura huɗu masu kwafi
Matsayi: Mataimakiyar bayanin bayanin kuskure.Aiki: Maida rahoton matukin jirgi mai zuwa zuwa ingantaccen rikodin kuskure.Filayen fitarwa: Lokacin tashi | Rarraba (s) ATA mai yiwuwa | Maimaita matsayi ("za'a bincika" idan ba'a sani ba) | Alamomin rakiyar | Tambayoyi masu fayyace. Dokokin: KADA KA SANYA; gyara kawai. Rubuta "mara sani" don yankin da ba ku da tabbas game da shi. PIREP: [manna jumlar matukin jirgi verbatim]
Role: Error code description mataimakin.Task: Jera ma'ana mai yuwuwa da kuma yiwuwar saƙon "[code]" don [nau'in jirgin sama + software std] bisa ga yuwuwar. Dokokin: - Faɗa wanne aikin FIM ya kamata in bincika kowane dalili amma KAR KA sanya lambar aikin; A ce "Duba [lambar] a cikin FIM". - Tunatar da mu cewa lambar na iya bambanta dangane da nau'in. Lambobi da mahallin: [lambar + nau'in + lokaci]
Matsayi: Jagorar mataki na warware matsalar.Task: Ba da shawarar tsarin kawar da rajista don kuskuren mai zuwa (daga arha / gwaji mai sauri zuwa tsada / maye gurbin) Sharuɗɗa: - Bayyana abin da za a auna a kowane mataki da kuma inda aka bayyana kewayon al'ada da ake sa ran (AMM/FIM); KADA KA KYAUTA ƙimar.- Bincika mai haɗawa/waya KAFIN maye gurbin sashi.Kuskure: [bayyana bayanin da aka tsara]
Matsayi: Rufe tunatarwar gwaji.Aiki: Yana fitar da jerin abubuwan da ake buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na aiki/dawowa da bayanan da ake buƙata don gyara masu zuwa.Dokokin: Nuna cewa matakin hukuma na gwajin ya kamata a tabbatar da shi a cikin AMM.Gyara: [takaitaccen aikin da aka yi]
Rauni mai ƙarfi / Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Rauni: "Menene ma'anar lambar 34-11, wane bangare zan maye gurbin?"
Wannan tambayar ba ta haɗa da nau'in nau'i da daidaitattun software ba, tsalle daidai cikin maye gurbin sashi, kuma yana ƙarfafa AI don samar da abin da aka yi.
Ƙarfafa: "[Nau'in jirgin sama, software std]. '34-11 rashin daidaituwar bayanan iska' saƙo a cikin CMC yana maimaita kan tafiye-tafiye. Ba da dalilai masu yiwuwa a cikin tsari na yiwuwar; nuna zuwa sashe don duba cikin FIM ga kowane amma aikin da bai dace ba; bayar da shawarar tsarin kawar da farawa tare da mafi arha / mafi sauri gwajin; sanya haɗin haɗi / pitot duba kafin canji. "
Wannan nau'in gaggawar ya haɗa da mahallin mahallin, dabaru na kawarwa, da birki na hallucination.
Tebur: Rarraba rawa wajen gano kuskure
mataki
AI aiki
aikin mutum
Ana saita PIREP
Yana raba rubutu na kyauta zuwa filaye
Yana ba da kuma tabbatar da ɗanyen girke-girke ba tare da canza shi ba
Sharhin lamba
Kamus + jerin dalilai masu yiwuwa
Yana tabbatar da daidaiton rubutu a FIM
tsara tsara
Tsara yuwuwar
Yana kawar da gwajin jiki
Tsarin gwaji
Yana ba da shawarar odar cirewa
Matakan, rikodin, yanke shawara
Rufewa
Gwaji/rejista yana tunatarwa
Yana yin gwajin, alamun (CRS)
Kuskuren gama gari
- Kuskure alamar alamar tushen dalilin. Lambar ita ce alamar; Samun tushen dalilin tare da FIM.
- Tsallake mai haɗawa/wayoyi da maye gurbin sassa. NFF kuma ta sake haifar da kuskure; farashi da haɓaka haɗari.
- Canza girke-girke na matukin jirgi tare da fassarar ku. Yana batar da AI daga farko.
- Dogaro da lambar aiki. AI na iya daidaita tunani; Duba da kanku a FIM.
- Tsallake gwajin rufewa. Gyara baya cika ba tare da gwajin dawowa da rajista ba.
A takaice
Gano kuskure sarkar keɓancewa-daidaitawar rajista ce. AI mataimaki ne mai ƙarfi wajen daidaita bayanin matukin jirgi mara kyau, fassara lambar kuskure zuwa harshen ɗan adam, da tunatar da ku tsarin kawar da matsala. Amma lambar alama ce, ba ganewa ba; Jerin abubuwan da za a iya haifarwa shine hasashe, ba yanke shawara ba. Yi rajistan haɗin haɗi/waya kafin maye gurbin sashi, tabbatar da kowane tunani a cikin FIM kuma rufe gyara tare da gwajin dawowa.
Aikin aikace-aikace
Ɗauki rikodin kuskure (marasa hankali) da kuke da shi. Nemi tsari daga AI tare da samfuri na farko, sannan ba da jerin gwajin kawar da samfuri na uku. Nemo daidai da kowane mataki daga ainihin FIM/AMM kuma gyara jerin abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar AI ta amfani da hukuncin ƙwararrun ku. Rubuta bambance-bambance a cikin tebur: Menene AI ya ce, menene littafin ya ce, menene kuka yanke shawara.
jerin abubuwan dubawa
- [ ] Na ba PIREP a cikin ɗanyen sigar sa, ba tare da ƙara wani sharhi ba.
- [ ] Na sanya laifin a daidai sashin ATA.
- [ ] Na tabbatar da lambar a cikin FIM bisa ga nau'i da ma'aunin software.
- [ ] Na duba mahaɗin / waya kafin musanya sashin.
- [ ] Na ga kowane bayanin FIM/AMM a cikin asali; Na ki gyara shi.
- [ ] Na rufe gyara tare da aiki / dawowa gwaji da rajista.